Individualized Music Playlist Based on ISO-Principle for De-escalating Agitation of People Living With Dementia

NCT ID: NCT04236557

Last Updated: 2023-09-28

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

24 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2022-11-01

Study Completion Date

2023-06-30

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

Abstract:

Agitation is exhibited by almost every dementia patient during the course of illness, and that leads to detrimental consequences on both patients and caregivers. Listening to preferred music is found useful in reducing the agitation frequency of people with dementia. However, the music intervention is usually provided regularly and the music psychotherapy ISO-Principle is ignored in published studies. The ISO-Principle that commonly adopted in music therapy using live-music, suggests that characteristics of music being played (e.g. tempo, melody and lyrics) should match with the current state (e.g. manic/depressive) of the client, and gradually modify these characteristics to the desired state. This randomized feasibility trial aims to evaluate the feasibility of using individualized music playlist with the music genres sequenced according to the ISO-Principle, for de-escalating agitation of people with dementia, and provide preliminary evidence on efficacy.

Eighty-four nursing home residents with agitation will be randomly allocated into music listening or control groups. Acceptability, implementation and practicality, as well as efficacy (in terms of agitation intensity, stress and mood states before and after the de-escalating music intervention or control condition; and occurrence of agitation and other behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia before and after the 6-week observation period).

Feasibility indicators will be reported descriptively. The efficacy of (1) music listening in de-escalating symptoms and (2) reducing occurrence frequency of symptoms after 6 weeks, will be analysed with Generalized Estimating Equation. If the findings are positive, the intervention have a great potential to be adopted as the gold standard of care in the nursing homes to solve a common yet detrimental clinical problem.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

1. Aims and objectives:

This study is to evaluate the feasibility of the individualized music playlist based on ISO-Principle for de-escalating agitation of nursing home residents living with dementia.

Objectives are as below:
1. To evaluate the feasibility of the intervention in terms of recruitment, retention, and acceptability.
2. To examine the preliminary effects of the intervention on participants' agitation, stress and emotion as compared to control group.
3. To evaluate suitability of outcome assessment instruments.
2. Methods:

1. Design:

* A two arms randomized controlled feasibility trial.
2. Participants and setting:

* The study participants will be recruited from participating residential care homes for the elderly in Hong Kong.
3. Intervention group

* Will receive usual care and a 30-minute personalized playlist with the preferred music sequenced according to ISO-Principle will be provided when the participant become agitated during the 6-week project period.
4. Control group

* Will receive usual care and a 30-minute audio recording of book reading wen the participant become agitated during the 6-week project period. They will receive a personalized playlist with the preferred music sequenced according to ISO-Principle when all the data collection is done.
5. Outcomes:

* recruitment rate, attrition rate, acceptability (field observation, comments from staffs), practicality (adherence to the intervention protocol), and any adverse reactions.
* agitation severity (Behavioural Activity Rating Scale, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale Excited Component), heart rate, emotional states (Mood scales derived from DSM-V), before and after listening to the playlist
* agitation frequency (Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory) and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia frequency (Neuropsychiatric Inventory- Questionnaire), at baseline and after 6 weeks
6. Sample size:

* 84 participants
7. Randomization:

* Participants will be randomly assigned to either intervention or control group at 1:1 ratio.
8. Data analysis strategies:

* Descriptive statistics will be used to report the feasibility indicators.
* The treatment effect on agitation intensity, stress and mood as compared to control group before and after listening to music or control condition for 30 minutes during agitated state, will be analysed using Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) method.
* For evaluating the efficacy of music listening in reducing the occurrence frequency of agitation and other behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, the scores at baseline and post-intervention (i.e. after 6 weeks) between two groups will be analysed with Mixed ANOVA.
* Significance level is set at p\<.05 with 95% Confidence Interval.
9. Ethical consideration:

Ethics approval will be obtained from the University before recruiting the participants. Proxies and participants will be informed about the possible risks and benefits of the participation, and it is voluntary and free to withdraw at any time. Procedural consent will be sought too.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Dementia

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Intervention

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Music listening

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Other than usual care, subjects will listen to a 30-min individualized playlists with preferred music genres sequenced by a registered music therapist according to the ISO-Principle when agitated.

Wait-list Control

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Audio Book Listening

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Other than usual care, subjects will listen to to a 30-min audio-script of book reading in Cantonese (a common dialect in Hong Kong being spoken by most people) when agitated.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Music listening

Other than usual care, subjects will listen to a 30-min individualized playlists with preferred music genres sequenced by a registered music therapist according to the ISO-Principle when agitated.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Audio Book Listening

Other than usual care, subjects will listen to to a 30-min audio-script of book reading in Cantonese (a common dialect in Hong Kong being spoken by most people) when agitated.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Nursing home residents with medical diagnosed of any type of dementia; presented with significant agitation in the past two weeks before recruitment;
* expected to be present in the facility every Monday to Friday during the study period; and
* Aged 60 or above;

Exclusion Criteria

* Nursing home residents who were admitted to the nursing home for less than 3 months;
* participating in other studies or experimental therapies, or blinded treatments;
* those with comorbid psychiatric illness such as depression, schizophrenia;
* or those with uncorrectable hearing impairment.

Notes:

* Concurrent psychotropic medications over the study period is allowed but any change in the prescriptions will be monitore
Minimum Eligible Age

60 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Dr Daphne Cheung

Assistant Professor

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Daphne Sze Ki Cheung, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Hong Kong, , Hong Kong

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Hong Kong

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Livingston G, Sommerlad A, Orgeta V, Costafreda SG, Huntley J, Ames D, Ballard C, Banerjee S, Burns A, Cohen-Mansfield J, Cooper C, Fox N, Gitlin LN, Howard R, Kales HC, Larson EB, Ritchie K, Rockwood K, Sampson EL, Samus Q, Schneider LS, Selbaek G, Teri L, Mukadam N. Dementia prevention, intervention, and care. Lancet. 2017 Dec 16;390(10113):2673-2734. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31363-6. Epub 2017 Jul 20. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28735855 (View on PubMed)

Cummings J, Mintzer J, Brodaty H, Sano M, Banerjee S, Devanand DP, Gauthier S, Howard R, Lanctot K, Lyketsos CG, Peskind E, Porsteinsson AP, Reich E, Sampaio C, Steffens D, Wortmann M, Zhong K; International Psychogeriatric Association. Agitation in cognitive disorders: International Psychogeriatric Association provisional consensus clinical and research definition. Int Psychogeriatr. 2015 Jan;27(1):7-17. doi: 10.1017/S1041610214001963. Epub 2014 Oct 14.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25311499 (View on PubMed)

Palm R, Sorg CGG, Strobel A, Gerritsen DL, Holle B. Severe Agitation in Dementia: An Explorative Secondary Data Analysis on the Prevalence and Associated Factors in Nursing Home Residents. J Alzheimers Dis. 2018;66(4):1463-1470. doi: 10.3233/JAD-180647.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30412491 (View on PubMed)

Brimelow RE, Wollin JA, Byrne GJ, Dissanayaka NN. Prescribing of psychotropic drugs and indicators for use in residential aged care and residents with dementia. Int Psychogeriatr. 2019 Jun;31(6):837-847. doi: 10.1017/S1041610218001229. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30457077 (View on PubMed)

Hofmann H, Hahn S. Characteristics of nursing home residents and physical restraint: a systematic literature review. J Clin Nurs. 2014 Nov;23(21-22):3012-24. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12384. Epub 2013 Oct 11.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24125061 (View on PubMed)

Cheng ST. Dementia Caregiver Burden: a Research Update and Critical Analysis. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2017 Aug 10;19(9):64. doi: 10.1007/s11920-017-0818-2.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28795386 (View on PubMed)

Zwijsen SA, Kabboord A, Eefsting JA, Hertogh CM, Pot AM, Gerritsen DL, Smalbrugge M. Nurses in distress? An explorative study into the relation between distress and individual neuropsychiatric symptoms of people with dementia in nursing homes. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2014 Apr;29(4):384-91. doi: 10.1002/gps.4014. Epub 2013 Aug 20.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23963653 (View on PubMed)

Morris S, Patel N, Baio G, Kelly L, Lewis-Holmes E, Omar RZ, Katona C, Cooper C, Livingston G. Monetary costs of agitation in older adults with Alzheimer's disease in the UK: prospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2015 Mar 13;5(3):e007382. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-007382.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25770235 (View on PubMed)

Dementia: Assessment, management and support for people living with dementia and their carers. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE); 2018 Jun. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513207/

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30011160 (View on PubMed)

Azermai M, Petrovic M, Elseviers MM, Bourgeois J, Van Bortel LM, Vander Stichele RH. Systematic appraisal of dementia guidelines for the management of behavioural and psychological symptoms. Ageing Res Rev. 2012 Jan;11(1):78-86. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2011.07.002. Epub 2011 Aug 10.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21856452 (View on PubMed)

Livingston G, Kelly L, Lewis-Holmes E, Baio G, Morris S, Patel N, Omar RZ, Katona C, Cooper C. Non-pharmacological interventions for agitation in dementia: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Br J Psychiatry. 2014 Dec;205(6):436-42. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.113.141119.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25452601 (View on PubMed)

van der Steen JT, Smaling HJ, van der Wouden JC, Bruinsma MS, Scholten RJ, Vink AC. Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Jul 23;7(7):CD003477. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003477.pub4.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30033623 (View on PubMed)

Pedersen SKA, Andersen PN, Lugo RG, Andreassen M, Sutterlin S. Effects of Music on Agitation in Dementia: A Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol. 2017 May 16;8:742. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00742. eCollection 2017.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28559865 (View on PubMed)

Jacobsen JH, Stelzer J, Fritz TH, Chetelat G, La Joie R, Turner R. Why musical memory can be preserved in advanced Alzheimer's disease. Brain. 2015 Aug;138(Pt 8):2438-50. doi: 10.1093/brain/awv135. Epub 2015 Jun 3.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26041611 (View on PubMed)

Tsoi KKF, Chan JYC, Ng YM, Lee MMY, Kwok TCY, Wong SYS. Receptive Music Therapy Is More Effective than Interactive Music Therapy to Relieve Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2018 Jul;19(7):568-576.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.12.009. Epub 2018 Feb 1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29396186 (View on PubMed)

Vasionyte I, Madison G. Musical intervention for patients with dementia: a meta-analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2013 May;22(9-10):1203-16. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12166.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23574287 (View on PubMed)

Cheung DSK, Lai CKY, Wong FKY, Leung MCP. Is music-with-movement intervention better than music listening and social activities in alleviating agitation of people with moderate dementia? A randomized controlled trial. Dementia (London). 2020 Jul;19(5):1413-1425. doi: 10.1177/1471301218800195. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30235949 (View on PubMed)

Gaviola MA, Inder KJ, Dilworth S, Holliday EG, Higgins I. Impact of individualised music listening intervention on persons with dementia: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Australas J Ageing. 2020 Mar;39(1):10-20. doi: 10.1111/ajag.12642. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30912616 (View on PubMed)

Music & Memory. Impact report. New York.: Music & Memory;2017.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Garrido S, Dunne L, Chang E, Perz J, Stevens CJ, Haertsch M. The Use of Music Playlists for People with Dementia: A Critical Synthesis. J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;60(3):1129-1142. doi: 10.3233/JAD-170612.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28984606 (View on PubMed)

Gerdner LA. Individualized music for dementia: Evolution and application of evidence-based protocol. World J Psychiatry. 2012 Apr 22;2(2):26-32. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v2.i2.26.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24175165 (View on PubMed)

McDermott O, Crellin N, Ridder HM, Orrell M. Music therapy in dementia: a narrative synthesis systematic review. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2013 Aug;28(8):781-94. doi: 10.1002/gps.3895. Epub 2012 Oct 18.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23080214 (View on PubMed)

Thoma MV, Zemp M, Kreienbuhl L, Hofer D, Schmidlin PR, Attin T, Ehlert U, Nater UM. Effects of Music Listening on Pre-treatment Anxiety and Stress Levels in a Dental Hygiene Recall Population. Int J Behav Med. 2015 Aug;22(4):498-505. doi: 10.1007/s12529-014-9439-x.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25200448 (View on PubMed)

Brown S, Martinez MJ, Parsons LM. Passive music listening spontaneously engages limbic and paralimbic systems. Neuroreport. 2004 Sep 15;15(13):2033-7. doi: 10.1097/00001756-200409150-00008.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15486477 (View on PubMed)

Hammar LM, Emami A, Gotell E, Engstrom G. The impact of caregivers' singing on expressions of emotion and resistance during morning care situations in persons with dementia: an intervention in dementia care. J Clin Nurs. 2011 Apr;20(7-8):969-78. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03386.x. Epub 2011 Feb 10.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21309873 (View on PubMed)

Hammar LM, Emami A, Engstrom G, Gotell E. Communicating through caregiver singing during morning care situations in dementia care. Scand J Caring Sci. 2011 Mar;25(1):160-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2010.00806.x.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 20573062 (View on PubMed)

Ray KD, Fitzsimmons S. Music-assisted bathing: making shower time easier for people with dementia. J Gerontol Nurs. 2014 Feb;40(2):9-13. doi: 10.3928/00989134-20131220-09. Epub 2014 Jan 6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24550123 (View on PubMed)

Wigram T. A comprehensive guide to music therapy : theory, clinical practice, research, and training. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers; 2002.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Altshuler IM. FOUR YEARS'EXPERIENCE WITH MUSIC AS A THERAPEUTIC AGENT AT ELOISE HOSPITAL. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1944;100(7):792-794.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Cadwalader A, Orellano S, Tanguay C, Roshan R. The Effects of a Single Session of Music Therapy on the Agitated Behaviors of Patients Receiving Hospice Care. J Palliat Med. 2016 Aug;19(8):870-3. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2015.0503. Epub 2016 Apr 26.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27115462 (View on PubMed)

Yuen I, Kwok T. Effectiveness of DementiAbility Methods: The Montessori Way on agitation in long-term care home residents with dementia in Hong Kong. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2019 Sep;34(9):1352-1358. doi: 10.1002/gps.5063. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30697810 (View on PubMed)

Baker RW, Kinon BJ, Maguire GA, Liu H, Hill AL. Effectiveness of rapid initial dose escalation of up to forty milligrams per day of oral olanzapine in acute agitation. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2003 Aug;23(4):342-8. doi: 10.1097/01.jcp.0000085406.08426.a8.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 12920409 (View on PubMed)

Kales HC, Gitlin LN, Lyketsos CG. Assessment and management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. BMJ. 2015 Mar 2;350:h369. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h369.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25731881 (View on PubMed)

Swift RH, Harrigan EP, Cappelleri JC, Kramer D, Chandler LP. Validation of the behavioural activity rating scale (BARS): a novel measure of activity in agitated patients. J Psychiatr Res. 2002 Mar-Apr;36(2):87-95. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3956(01)00052-8.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 11777497 (View on PubMed)

Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1987;13(2):261-76. doi: 10.1093/schbul/13.2.261.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 3616518 (View on PubMed)

Montoya A, Valladares A, Lizan L, San L, Escobar R, Paz S. Validation of the Excited Component of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-EC) in a naturalistic sample of 278 patients with acute psychosis and agitation in a psychiatric emergency room. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2011 Mar 29;9:18. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-9-18.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21447155 (View on PubMed)

Melander C, Martinsson J, Gustafsson S. Measuring Electrodermal Activity to Improve the Identification of Agitation in Individuals with Dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra. 2017 Dec 6;7(3):430-439. doi: 10.1159/000484890. eCollection 2017 Sep-Dec.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29430245 (View on PubMed)

Kikhia B, Stavropoulos TG, Andreadis S, Karvonen N, Kompatsiaris I, Savenstedt S, Pijl M, Melander C. Utilizing a Wristband Sensor to Measure the Stress Level for People with Dementia. Sensors (Basel). 2016 Nov 24;16(12):1989. doi: 10.3390/s16121989.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27886155 (View on PubMed)

Schroeder RW, Martin PK, Marsh C, Carr S, Richardson T, Kaur J, Rusk J, Jiwanlal S. An Individualized Music-Based Intervention for Acute Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Hospitalized Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: A Prospective, Controlled, Nonrandomized Trial. Gerontol Geriatr Med. 2018 Jun 21;4:2333721418783121. doi: 10.1177/2333721418783121. eCollection 2018 Jan-Dec.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29977982 (View on PubMed)

Cohen-Mansfield J, Marx MS, Rosenthal AS. A description of agitation in a nursing home. J Gerontol. 1989 May;44(3):M77-84. doi: 10.1093/geronj/44.3.m77.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 2715584 (View on PubMed)

Kaufer DI, Cummings JL, Ketchel P, Smith V, MacMillan A, Shelley T, Lopez OL, DeKosky ST. Validation of the NPI-Q, a brief clinical form of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2000 Spring;12(2):233-9. doi: 10.1176/jnp.12.2.233.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 11001602 (View on PubMed)

Teare MD, Dimairo M, Shephard N, Hayman A, Whitehead A, Walters SJ. Sample size requirements to estimate key design parameters from external pilot randomised controlled trials: a simulation study. Trials. 2014 Jul 3;15:264. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-264.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24993581 (View on PubMed)

Jung SH, Ahn CW. Sample size for a two-group comparison of repeated binary measurements using GEE. Stat Med. 2005 Sep 15;24(17):2583-96. doi: 10.1002/sim.2136.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 16118812 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

HSEARS20190731001

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.

Music Therapy in Alzheimer's Disease
NCT02020356 TERMINATED NA
Decreasing Delirium Through Music
NCT03095443 COMPLETED NA
The Music, Sleep and Dementia Study
NCT04157244 COMPLETED NA
Tailored Music Therapy for Dementia
NCT03011723 COMPLETED NA