Analysis of BPD in Premature Infants With Typical Imaging Changes

Study Results

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

256 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2020-01-01

Study Completion Date

2021-05-20

Brief Summary

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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease in preterm infants. The increase in the survival rate of premature babies following the improvement of perinatal treatment and care has caused an increase in the incidence of BPD in recent years, which has seriously affected the quality of life of preterm infants. According to the consensus reached at the workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) in 2001, BPD was clinically defined based on oxygen dependency in preterm infants. However, the refined NICHD definition of BPD in 2018 emphasizes imaging findings to support a diagnosis of lung parenchyma disease.

Fibrotic opacities and cystic changes on chest imaging (chest X-ray \[CXR\] or computed tomography \[CT\] scan) were considered typical findings in BPD patients. In patients with severe BPD, the presence of bubbles/cystic appearance on CXR after 28 days of life was reported to be an important factor, and typical imaging findings can predict a poor pulmonary outcome in BPD patients. BPD is associated with poor outcomes. Although many studies have been conducted on BPD, there are limited reports specifically evaluating the association of typical imaging findings with clinical characteristics and later outcomes in patients with BPD.

We hypothesized that BPD with typical imaging findings was likely to be a particular subgroup of this entity, with a unique etiology, clinical characteristics and prognosis. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to compare clinical characteristics, short-term outcomes and follow-up data until 2 years of age in preterm infants with or without typical imaging findings of BPD on CXR or CT scan during the entire hospital stay. A propensity score analysis was used to reduce bias between the two groups, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors related to mortality in preterm infants with BPD.

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Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

RETROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

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group with typical imaging changes

the BPD infants with typical chest imaging findings include fibrotic opacities and cysts on CXR or CT scans during the entire hospital stay.

no intervention

Intervention Type OTHER

no intervention, only observation

group without typical imaging changes

the infants meet the diagnosis criteria of BPD, but lack of typical chest imaging findings

no intervention

Intervention Type OTHER

no intervention, only observation

Interventions

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no intervention

no intervention, only observation

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

inclusion criteria: (1) BPD diagnosis according to the 2001 NICHD consensus; (2) chest imaging examination (CXR or CT) in the first week after birth; and (3) hospitalization within the first 7 days after birth.

exclusion criteria: (1) major congenital malformations or laboratory-confirmed chromosomal abnormalities; (2) inadequate clinical data or missing chest imaging data; or (3) loss to follow-up.

Maximum Eligible Age

2 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No