Evaluation of the Safer Bars Prevention Program for Sexual Assault

Study Results

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

681 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2020-10-16

Study Completion Date

2024-12-31

Brief Summary

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The goal is to evaluate at three sites the implementation of the Safer Bars sexual assault prevention program.

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Detailed Description

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Sexual violence perpetration is robustly associated with social contexts that support high levels of alcohol consumption. Beginning in 2007, the Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) developed and field-tested the Safer Bars curriculum with support from the CDC Rape Prevention and Education (RPE) funding program. Safer Bars is a bystander prevention training for staff of alcohol serving establishments. This application proposes a theory-driven, quasi-experimental effectiveness evaluation based at The University of Arizona. Our approach is significant because few evaluations have measured behavioral outcomes as well as the mediators that explain the observed changes in bystander behavior, or community-level outcomes associated with such interventions. Specific Aims: the specific aims are to: (1) Test a hypothesized mediational model of individual-level behavioral outcomes based on the Theory of Planned Behavior; (2) assess the effect of the program on bar-level risk management safety policies; and (3) examine the community-level impact of the Safer Bars program on reducing the number of police dispatches in areas with high densities of alcohol-serving establishments. Methods: A cluster-randomized trial design with crossover to randomize participants at the bar level into intervention and delayed intervention arms is proposed. Assessments are at baseline, completion of training, and at three and six months post-training. The sample bars will be selected within a three-mile radius of the three major Arizona universities, all of which have a high density of alcohol-serving establishments adjacent to campus. Our analytical model will assess a hypothesized moderated mediational model based in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Outcomes of interest include: (a) the extent to which Behavioral Intent, the central construct of TPB, mediates bar staff performance of intended bystander behaviors at three-month follow-up and the extent to which this relationship is moderated by personal characteristics and bar environment; (b) the effects of the program on bar-level risk management patron safety policies; and, (c) the community-level effects as demonstrated by number of police dispatches in areas with a high density of alcohol-serving establishments at baseline and at the end of the project using GIS data. With evidence of efficacy, Safer Bars is feasible for scale-up without excessive financial burden in other states, which all receive RPE funding.

Conditions

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Sexual Assault Precursor Behavior

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

A cluster-randomized trial design with crossover to randomize participants at the bar level into intervention and delayed intervention arms.

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

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Study Groups

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Control

Delayed intervention: baseline and 3-month assessment prior to receiving the Safer Bars training.

Group Type OTHER

Safer Bars

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Safer Bars, a primary perpetration prevention program based on a bystander intervention model and the theory of planned behavior. Bar staff are trained to recognize and respond to sexual aggression and its precursors among patrons.

Intervention

This arm with consist of bars randomized to have the Safer Bars training on their premises attended by all their liquor serving staff with assessment directly before and after training (pre/post), and at 3 and 6 months post-training follow-up.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Safer Bars

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Safer Bars, a primary perpetration prevention program based on a bystander intervention model and the theory of planned behavior. Bar staff are trained to recognize and respond to sexual aggression and its precursors among patrons.

Interventions

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Safer Bars

Safer Bars, a primary perpetration prevention program based on a bystander intervention model and the theory of planned behavior. Bar staff are trained to recognize and respond to sexual aggression and its precursors among patrons.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Both an employee and a liquor server, security official, or owner/manager of a bar randomly selected to receive Safer Bars training immediately or after an assessment only phase of 4 months and that has not participated in the Safe Bars training in the past 12 months. Accepts healthy volunteers as defined by holding active employment. Employees may opt out of training and/or assessment.