Anticoagulation for New-Onset Post-Operative Atrial Fibrillation After CABG

NCT ID: NCT04045665

Last Updated: 2026-01-20

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

PHASE3

Total Enrollment

3200 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2019-12-13

Study Completion Date

2026-08-31

Brief Summary

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The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness (prevention of thromboembolic events) and safety (major bleeding) of adding oral anticoagulation (OAC) to background antiplatelet therapy in patients who develop new-onset post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

All patients with a qualifying POAF event, who decline randomization, will be offered the option of enrollment in a parallel registry that captures their baseline risk profile and their treatment strategy in terms of anticoagulants or antiplatelets received. These patients will also be asked to fill out a brief decliner survey.

Detailed Description

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This is a prospective, multicenter, open-label, randomized trial comparing OAC with no OAC (1:1 ratio) in patients who develop new-onset POAF after CABG. The primary effectiveness endpoint is the composite of death, ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), myocardial infarction (MI), systemic arterial thromboembolism or venous thromboembolism (VTE) at 90 days after randomization. The primary safety endpoint is BARC (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium) grade 3 or 5 bleeding at 90 days after randomization. The overall intent is to evaluate the trade-off in prevention of thromboembolic events versus an increase in bleeding.

Patients will be randomly assigned to the following treatment strategies:

* OAC-based strategy (experimental arm): OAC with vitamin K antagonist (VKA) with international normalized ratio (INR) target 2-3 or any approved direct oral anticoagulant (apixaban, rivaroxaban, edoxaban or dabigatran) in addition to background antiplatelet therapy with aspirin 75-325mg once-daily or a P2Y12-inhibitor (clopidogrel or ticagrelor)
* Antiplatelet-only strategy (control arm): single antiplatelet therapy with aspirin 75-325mg once-daily or a P2Y12-inhibitor (clopidogrel or ticagrelor)

The protocol-specified duration of anticoagulation is 90 days. Patients, who are randomized to the control arm and develop recurrent AF after 30 days, may be crossed-over to an OAC. Accrual is expected to take 60 months. Study follow-up visits will be performed at 90 days and phone follow-up at days 30, 60, and 180 days.

Data for patients enrolled in the registry will be ascertained from the local clinical site via a review of medical records. The baseline risk profile of registry patients (i.e., patients eligible but unwilling to be randomized) will be analyzed and compared to that of patients randomized in the trial. The usage of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapies in the registry population overall and baseline CHA2DS2-VASC ischemic stroke risk score will also be determined.

Up to 500 patients will also be offered the option to participate in a digital health substudy which includes a wearable heart rhythm monitor device for 30 days post discharge.

Conditions

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Atrial Fibrillation Stroke Bleeding

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

This is a multicenter randomized clinical trial comparing OAC to no-OAC in addition to concomitant antiplatelet therapy in 3,200 eligible patients who develop POAF after isolated CABG. The trial will be conducted by the Cardiothoracic Surgical Trials Network (CTSN), the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (DGTHG) and other European sites, the United Kingdom and Brazil..
Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Antiplatelet Therapy

Antiplatelet-only strategy

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Antiplatelet-only strategy

Intervention Type DRUG

Aspirin 75-325 mg once-daily or a P2Y12-inhibitor (clopidogrel or ticagrelor)

Oral Anticoagulant

OAC-based strategy

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Oral Anticoagulant plus background antiplatelet therapy

Intervention Type DRUG

OAC with vitamin K antagonist (VKA) with international normalized ratio (INR) target 2-3 or any approved direct oral anticoagulant OR apixaban, rivaroxaban, edoxaban or dabigatran) in addition to background antiplatelet therapy with aspirin 75-325mg once-daily or a P2Y12-inhibitor (clopidogrel or ticagrelor)

Interventions

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Antiplatelet-only strategy

Aspirin 75-325 mg once-daily or a P2Y12-inhibitor (clopidogrel or ticagrelor)

Intervention Type DRUG

Oral Anticoagulant plus background antiplatelet therapy

OAC with vitamin K antagonist (VKA) with international normalized ratio (INR) target 2-3 or any approved direct oral anticoagulant OR apixaban, rivaroxaban, edoxaban or dabigatran) in addition to background antiplatelet therapy with aspirin 75-325mg once-daily or a P2Y12-inhibitor (clopidogrel or ticagrelor)

Intervention Type DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Patients of age ≥18 years who undergo isolated CABG for coronary artery disease
* POAF that persists for \>60 minutes or is recurrent (more than one episode) within 7 days after the index CABG surgery

Exclusion Criteria

* Clinical history of either permanent, persistent or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
* Any pre-existing clinical indication for long-term OAC
* Any absolute contraindication to OAC
* Planned use of post-operative dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT)

a. This includes, but is not limited to, patients with recent PCI with drug-eluting or bare-metal stent.
* Cardiogenic shock
* Major perioperative complication\* occurring between CABG and randomization

a. including, but not limited to, stroke, TIA, MI, major bleeding (BARC type 4 bleeding), severe sepsis, renal failure requiring dialysis, or need for reoperation due to bleeding (e.g. pericardial tamponade).
* Concomitant left atrial appendage closure during CABG
* Concomitant valve surgery during CABG or prior valve surgery (including aortic, mitral, tricuspid or pulmonary)
* Concomitant mitral valve annuloplasty during CABG
* Concomitant carotid artery endarterectomy during CABG
* Concomitant aortic root replacement during CABG
* Concomitant surgery for AF during CABG
* Liver cirrhosis or Child-Pugh Class C chronic liver disease
* Pharmacologic therapy with an investigational drug or device within 30-days prior to randomization or plan to enroll patient in an investigational drug or device trial during participation in this trial
* Pregnancy at the time of randomization
* Unable or unwilling to provide inform consent
* Unable or unwilling to comply with the study treatment and follow-up
* Existence of underlying disease that limits life expectancy to less than one year
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

Vanderbilt University Medical Center

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Annetine Gelijns

Chair, Department of Population Health Science & Policy Edmond A. Guggenheim Professor of Health Policy Co-Director, InCHOIR

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Annetine C Gelijns, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Marc Gillinov, MD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

The Cleveland Clinic

John Alexander, MD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Duke University

Locations

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CHI St. Vincent, Arkansas

Little Rock, Arkansas, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Southern California

Los Angeles, California, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center

Los Angeles, California, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Stanford University

Stanford, California, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Medical Center of Aurora

Aurora, Colorado, United States

Site Status ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

Western Connecticut Hospital Systems

Danbury, Connecticut, United States

Site Status ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

Yale Medicine

New Haven, Connecticut, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

MedStar Washington Hospital Center

Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Emory University

Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Piedmont Healthcare Inc.

Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Lutheran Medical Center

Fort Wayne, Indiana, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Indiana University

Indianapolis, Indiana, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Ascension St. Vincent

Indianapolis, Indiana, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Ochsner Clinic

New Orleans, Louisiana, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Maine Medical Center

Portland, Maine, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Maryland

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Johns Hopkins

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Suburban Hospital

Bethesda, Maryland, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Massachusetts General Hospital

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Brigham and Women's Hospital

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Boston Medical Center

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

Baystate Health

Springfield, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

University of Michigan

Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Mayo Clinic

Rochester, Minnesota, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Mid America Health Institute

Kansas City, Missouri, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Washington University School of Medicine

St Louis, Missouri, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center

Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Jersey Shore University Medical Center

Neptune City, New Jersey, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Northwell Health System

Great Neck, New York, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

The Mount Sinai Hospital

New York, New York, United States

Site Status WITHDRAWN

Columbia University Medical Center

New York, New York, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Montefiore Medical Center

The Bronx, New York, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Duke University

Durham, North Carolina, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

East Carolina University

Greenville, North Carolina, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

WakeMed

Raleigh, North Carolina, United States

Site Status WITHDRAWN

Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Cleveland, Ohio, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Ohio State University Medical Center

Columbus, Ohio, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Ascension St. John

Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Hermitage, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status WITHDRAWN

University of Pennsylvania

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Allegheny Health Network

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

Baylor College of Medicine

Houston, Texas, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center

Houston, Texas, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Baylor Research Institute

Plano, Texas, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Intermountain CV Research

Murray, Utah, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Utah

Salt Lake City, Utah, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Vermont

Burlington, Vermont, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Virginia Health System

Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Inova Health

Falls Church, Virginia, United States

Site Status ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

West Virginia University

Morgantown, West Virginia, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Wisconsin

Madison, Wisconsin, United States

Site Status ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

University of Alberta Hospital

Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Site Status RECRUITING

London Health Sciences Centre

London, Ontario, Canada

Site Status RECRUITING

Sunnybrook Hospital

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Site Status RECRUITING

Montreal Heart Institute

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Site Status RECRUITING

Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Site Status RECRUITING

Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Site Status WITHDRAWN

University of Ottawa Heart Institute

Ottawa, , Canada

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Hôpital Laval

Québec, , Canada

Site Status RECRUITING

Toronto General Hospital

Toronto, , Canada

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

University Heart Center Hamburg

Berlin, Brandenburg, Germany

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Heart Center Leipzig

Berlin, Brandenburg, Germany

Site Status RECRUITING

University Medical Center Göttingen

Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

University Medical Center Jena

Jena, Thuringia, Germany

Site Status RECRUITING

Kerckhoff Klinik, Bad Nauheim

Bad Nauheim, , Germany

Site Status RECRUITING

Clinic Bad Neustadt - Medical Center for Heart and Vascular Diseases

Bad Neustadt an der Saale, , Germany

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

HDZ-NRW Bad Oeynhausen

Bad Oeynhausen, , Germany

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Charité Berlin - Benjamin Franklin Campus

Berlin, , Germany

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Charité Berlin - Rudolf Virchow Campus

Berlin, , Germany

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

German Heart Center Berlin

Berlin, , Germany

Site Status RECRUITING

University Hospital Bonn

Bonn, , Germany

Site Status RECRUITING

Medical Center Braunschweig

Braunschweig, , Germany

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf

Düsseldorf, , Germany

Site Status RECRUITING

Frankfurt University Hospital

Frankfurt, , Germany

Site Status RECRUITING

University Medical Center Frankfurt

Frankfurt, , Germany

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Heart Center, University of Freiburg

Freiburg im Breisgau, , Germany

Site Status RECRUITING

University Medical Center Halle

Halle, , Germany

Site Status RECRUITING

University Medical Center Heidelberg

Heidelberg, , Germany

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Kiel

Kiel, , Germany

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Lübeck

Lübeck, , Germany

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

University Hospital Magdeburg

Magdeburg, , Germany

Site Status RECRUITING

German Heart Center Munich

Munich, , Germany

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Medical Center of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich

Munich, , Germany

Site Status NOT_YET_RECRUITING

University of Oldenburg

Oldenburg, , Germany

Site Status RECRUITING

Hospital of the Brothers of Mercy Trier

Trier, , Germany

Site Status RECRUITING

Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital NHS Foundation Trust

Liverpool, England, United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

Barts Health NHS Trust

London, England, United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust

London, England, United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust

Wolverhampton, England, United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Blackpool, , United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust

Bristol, , United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust

Cambridge, , United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust

Cottingham, , United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

Leicester, , United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Middlesbrough, , United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust

Nottingham, , United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Oxford, , United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust

Plymouth, , United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Sheffield, , United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust

Southampton, , United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust

Worthing, , United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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United States Canada Germany United Kingdom

Central Contacts

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Ellen Moquete, RN

Role: CONTACT

212-659-9651

Facility Contacts

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Lynn Bass

Role: primary

Ed Lozano

Role: primary

Vanessa Wilson

Role: primary

Tiffany Flores

Role: primary

Fadi Al-Daoud

Role: primary

Margaret Leiss

Role: backup

Katharine Mahoney

Role: primary

Mary McBride

Role: primary

Amy Autry-Bush

Role: primary

Barbara Anderson

Role: primary

Srdjan Kurbalija

Role: primary

Jena Stanley

Role: primary

317-338-6450

Nicolle Scholl

Role: primary

Betsey Gallant

Role: primary

Kaitlyn Masih

Role: primary

Zyriah Robinson

Role: primary

Tara Reddy

Role: primary

Anna Demelo

Role: primary

Amarri Harrison

Role: primary

China Green

Role: primary

Jennifer Martin

Role: primary

Rosann M Gans

Role: primary

James Hermeyer

Role: primary

Pauline Sirrell

Role: primary

Annemarie Detoro

Role: primary

Effe Mihelis

Role: primary

Amanda Alonso

Role: primary

Magdalena Mamczur-Madry, RN, BSN, MS, ACRP-CP

Role: primary

Shelly Fincannon

Role: primary

Eddie Hill

Role: primary

Denise Kosty-Sweeney

Role: primary

Patrick Rowan

Role: primary

Lauren Swim

Role: backup

Jane Bryce

Role: primary

Mary Lou Mayer

Role: primary

Ricardo A Garnica

Role: primary

Pawel Kolodziejski

Role: primary

Kristen Chionh

Role: primary

Erika Hummel

Role: primary

Ashley Elmer

Role: primary

Fuyuki Hirashima

Role: primary

Amy Henderson

Role: backup

Robin Kelly

Role: primary

Kimberly Quedado

Role: primary

Tracy Jordan

Role: primary

Celine Balay

Role: backup

Stephanie Fox

Role: primary

Reena Karkhanis

Role: primary

Alexandre Bergeron

Role: primary

Joannie Dionne

Role: primary

Alice Black

Role: primary

François Dagenais

Role: primary

Nathalie Gagne

Role: backup

Shakira Christie

Role: primary

Jutta Nogal

Role: primary

Michael Borger, MD

Role: primary

Maren Zieger

Role: backup

Jessika Jordan

Role: primary

Sabine Krauspe

Role: primary

Kathrin Knorz

Role: primary

Katharina Schoenrath

Role: primary

Heike Windhagen

Role: primary

Ulf Landmesser, MD

Role: primary

Burkert Pieske, MD

Role: primary

Mirjam Gördes

Role: primary

Ben Kraushaar

Role: primary

Yessica Peglau

Role: primary

Sinje Reimers

Role: primary

Linda Kretzschmar

Role: primary

Heike Strohschnitter

Role: primary

Gabriele Lechner

Role: primary

Andrea Lehmann

Role: primary

Christiane Miesel-Groeschel

Role: primary

Beke Sarrahs

Role: primary

Jessika Schmidt

Role: primary

Esther Meyer

Role: primary

Stephani Simon

Role: primary

Christian Hagl, MD

Role: primary

Melanie Kreitlow

Role: primary

Daniela Donovan

Role: primary

Dimple Dixit

Role: primary

Ronald Manuel

Role: primary

Emma Hopkins

Role: primary

Mohamed B M'Barek

Role: primary

Dumbor Ngaage

Role: primary

Chloe Wilson

Role: primary

Lynn Whitehouse

Role: primary

Pamela Anderson

Role: primary

George Krasopoulos

Role: primary

Elaine Spackman

Role: primary

Helen Newell

Role: primary

Dawn Martinez

Role: primary

References

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Taha A, Nielsen SJ, Bergfeldt L, Ahlsson A, Friberg L, Bjorck S, Franzen S, Jeppsson A. New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Long-Term Outcome: A Population-Based Nationwide Study From the SWEDEHEART Registry. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021 Jan 5;10(1):e017966. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.017966. Epub 2020 Nov 30.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 33251914 (View on PubMed)

Related Links

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http://www.ctsurgerynet.org/index.html

The Cardiothoracic Surgical Trials Network

Other Identifiers

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2U01HL088942-12

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

GCO 08-1078

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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