Postoperative Replacement of Intraoperative Iron Losses

NCT ID: NCT03680456

Last Updated: 2025-02-04

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE4
• Total Enrollment: 134 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2020-03-06
• Study Completion Date: 2025-01-31

Brief Summary

By performing a randomized, blinded placebo controlled exploratory trial we speculate that replacement of perioperative, bleeding-induced iron losses with ferric carboxymaltose immediately after the surgical procedure can replenish iron with increased hemoglobin levels and reduce the amount of pRBCs transfused in the postoperative period (30 days post surgery).

Detailed Description

In the last few years, state of the art Patient Blood Management (PBM programs have been gaining worldwide attention. This may be attributed to the significant improvements in patient outcomes that follow adequate preoperative preparation and intraoperative optimization of the circulating red cell mass.

The first pillar of PBM (pre-, intra-, and postoperative optimization of red cell mass by means other than red cell transfusions including intravenous iron and erythropoietin stimulating agents) can meet significant barriers and might be difficult to implement. In daily clinical practice, timely identification and treatment of preoperative anemia is difficult to organize due to structural and behavioral constraints. Therefore, today, there are still a striking number of patients who are admitted for surgery without adequate preoperative treatment of anemia regardless of its causes. Notably, even for this patient population, it has been demonstrated by experimental and larger observational data that postoperative application of intravenous iron could help to reduce perioperative transfusions by restoring red cell mass. The complete potential of perioperative intravenous iron therapy has yet to identified, including improvements such as early mobility and other improved outcomes. Furthermore, a substantial number of patients are not included in preoperative red cell mass optimization, since the preoperative hemoglobin concentration is either high enough in terms of the thresholds of the World Health Organization (♂ 13 g/dl and ♀ 12 g/dl), or borderline (mild) anemia is diagnosed and no treatment is offered. These patients may be prone to substantial intraoperative blood losses, and as a consequence might suffer from postoperative iron restricted anemia. In fact, there are a remarkable number of patients that have adequate hemoglobin concentrations preoperatively, but ultimately develop anemia with iron deficiency postoperatively due to significant intraoperative bleeding. Data from ICU patients' with postoperative iron deficiency has significant impact on outcome including postoperative fatigue, and consequently a prolonged healing process.

Although this problem is common, current PBM strategies are in need of validation of one of the PBM guidelines: postoperative replacement of blood loss with resultant iron losses in patients without preoperative anemia thus avoiding exposure to allogeneic transfusions in this population. The untested hypothesis is that this approach could improve postoperative outcomes including mobilization. Based on a recent publication one might surmise that it is not (only) postoperative anemia, but rather untreated iron deficiency, that is responsible for a delay in postoperative mobilization and recovery. It is therefore the aim of the proposal presented to describe an additional approach, in which perioperative, surgical blood loss iron losses are replaced immediately following the surgical procedure in patients that did not receive iron preoperatively due to normal or minor reduction in hemoglobin concentrations (red cell mass). This replacement may take place in either the postoperative anesthesia care unit or in the ICU, Although preoperative treatment of iron deficiency anemia is widely considered the most important domain of perioperative iron therapy, the additional post-operative replacement is as useful as preoperative preparation and seems to be more convenient to implement.

Conditions

Blood Loss Anemia

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

Intervention

due to postoperative Hemoglobin Level intravenous iron Ferriccarboxymaltose is Infuses, dosage is based on the Ganzoni-Algorithm

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Ferric carboxymaltose

Intervention Type: DRUG

maximum of 750mg in U.S. is given, maximum of 1000mg in EU

Placebo

Natriumchlorid is the placebo

Group Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Crystalloid

Intervention Type: DRUG

an equivalent volume dose of Natriumchlorid is administered

Interventions

Ferric carboxymaltose

maximum of 750mg in U.S. is given, maximum of 1000mg in EU

Intervention Type: DRUG

Crystalloid

an equivalent volume dose of Natriumchlorid is administered

Intervention Type: DRUG

Other Intervention Names

Ferinject; Natriumchlorid

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• patients undergoing non-emergency

• cardiac surgery - obstetric surgery - intra-abdominal surgery
• preoperative Hb (during the premedication visit):

• ♂: Hb>12.5g/dl
• ♀: Hb>11.5g/dl
• postoperative Hb (immediately after surgical procedure in the recovery room):

• 2 g/dl below preoperative Hb concentration
• age ≥ 18 years
• Admission to intensive care unit or post-anesthesia care unit
• Able to sign consent for the trial

Exclusion Criteria

• age < 18 years
• emergency surgery
• perioperative application of iron and/or erythropoietin
• intraoperative transfusion of allogeneic erythrocytes
• known hemochromatosis
• known allergic reaction linked to iron medication

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Kepler University Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Roxane Brooks

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Jens Meier, Prof

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Kepler University Hospital, JKU Linz

Locations

Universitätsklinik für Anästhesie und Intensivmedizin

Linz, , Austria

Countries

Austria

Other Identifiers

TPL107

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id