National Cardiogenic Shock Initiative

NCT ID: NCT03677180

Last Updated: 2025-07-01

Study Results

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

406 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2016-05-19

Study Completion Date

2020-12-31

Brief Summary

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This study evaluates the use of early mechanical circulatory support in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock. Patients are treated according to the National Cardiogenic Shock Initiative protocol, which emphasizes early identification of cardiogenic shock and rapid delivery of mechanical circulatory support based on invasive hemodynamics. All patients treated in this manner are enrolled in the National Cardiogenic Shock registry.

Detailed Description

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Acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMICS) is a deadly condition with a historical in-hospital survival of only 50%. To date, the only therapy proven to benefit patients in AMICS using data from randomized control trials has been early mechanical reperfusion. Accordingly, current American and European guidelines confer a class IB indication for reperfusion therapy in the setting of AMICS. Unfortunately, little progress has been made on improving survival with subsequent therapies, including intra-aortic balloon pump counter-pulsation (IABP). This lack of progress is worrisome since the incidence of AMICS appears to be increasing.

With the FDA approval of Impella (Abiomed, Danvers, MA) in AMICS, a powerful new tool has become available for hemodynamic support. Impella is a transcatheter axial flow pump, delivered percutaneous, with the ability to provide 2.5 to 4.0 liters/minute of forward flow. The device should provide sufficient forward cardiac flow to support vital organs in the majority of patients who present with AMICS. Since Impella is the only percutaneous temporary ventricular support device approved as safe and effective for use in AMICS, the use of the device has steadily grown. Unfortunately, there is little data available to providers as to the best practice patterns associated with the delivery and use of Impella in AMICS.

Using the most up-to-date research, a treatment algorithm for AMICS was developed and subsequently implemented as a quality improvement initiative throughout southeast Michigan. Patient information was gathered by each of the sites and collected in a retrospective registry. Outcomes and results were shared during quarterly meetings and concluded with a 41-patient pilot feasibility study. This initial pilot study revealed a 76% survival to discharge, a significant improvement compared to prior historical controls.

Given the promising outcomes, leaders from around the world have implemented the treatment algorithm in their local clinical practices with similar results. The investigators have therefore launched the National Cardiogenic Shock Initiative (NCSI). The aim of the NCSI is to bring together experienced centers across the nation who are experts in mechanical reperfusion therapies and have a large experience with the use of mechanical circulatory support devices to systematize care in AMICS.

Our goal is to dramatically decrease the duration patients remain in cardiogenic shock and attempt to decrease total usage and duration of vasopressors and ionotropic agents. The investigators aim to further demonstrate that rapid delivery of mechanical circulatory support will improve hemodynamics, reverse the spiraling neuro-hormonal cascade associated with cardiogenic shock, allowing clinicians to decrease use of vasopressors and inotropic agents and ultimately improve survival.

Healthcare systems that have agreed to adopt the NCSI treatment algorithm are being asked to participate in this prospective registry so that patient outcomes can be analyzed. Participating investigators will be asked to voluntarily provide data from patients completing the treatment algorithm to be included in the NCSI Registry.

Conditions

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Cardiogenic Shock Acute Myocardial Infarction STEMI - ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction NSTEMI - Non-ST Segment Elevation MI Heart Attack

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

1. Symptoms of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with ECG and/or biomarker evidence of S-T elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-S-T elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)
2. Cardiogenic shock is defined as the presence of at least two of the following:

1. Hypotension (systolic blood pressure ≤90 mm Hg, or inotropes/vasopressors to maintain systolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg)
2. Signs of end organ hypoperfusion (cool extremities, oliguria or anuria, or elevated lactate levels)
3. Hemodynamic criteria represented by a cardiac index of \<2.2 L/min/m2 or a cardiac power output ≤0.6 watts.
3. Patient is supported with an Impella
4. Patient undergoes PCI

Exclusion Criteria

1. Evidence of Anoxic Brain Injury
2. Unwitnessed out of hospital cardiac arrest or any cardiac arrest in which return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is not achieved within 30 minutes
3. IABP placed prior to Impella
4. Septic, anaphylactic, hemorrhagic, and neurologic causes of shock
5. Non-ischemic causes of shock/hypotension (pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax, myocarditis, tamponade, etc.)
6. Active bleeding for which mechanical circulatory support is contraindicated
7. Recent major surgery for which mechanical circulatory support is contraindicated
8. Mechanical complications of AMI (acute ventricular septal defect (VSD) or acute papillary muscle rupture)
9. Known left ventricular thrombus for which mechanical circulatory support is contraindicated
10. Mechanical aortic prosthetic valve
11. Contraindication to intravenous systemic anticoagulation
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Abiomed Inc.

INDUSTRY

Sponsor Role collaborator

Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A.

INDUSTRY

Sponsor Role collaborator

Henry Ford Health System

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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William W. O'Neill

Medical Director, Center for Structural Heart Disease

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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William W O'Neill, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Henry Ford Health System

Babar Basir, DO

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Henry Ford Health System

Locations

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UAB Hospital

Birmingham, Alabama, United States

Site Status

Washington Regional Medical Center

Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States

Site Status

Arkansas Heart Hospital

Little Rock, Arkansas, United States

Site Status

Northwest Medical Center - Springdale

Springdale, Arkansas, United States

Site Status

Loma Linda University Medical Center

Loma Linda, California, United States

Site Status

Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center

Los Angeles, California, United States

Site Status

St. Joseph Hospital Orange

Orange, California, United States

Site Status

Mercy General Hospital

Sacramento, California, United States

Site Status

UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica

Santa Monica, California, United States

Site Status

St. Anthony Hospital

Lakewood, Colorado, United States

Site Status

Stamford Hospital

Stamford, Connecticut, United States

Site Status

George Washington University Hospital

Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States

Site Status

Morton Plant Hospital

Clearwater, Florida, United States

Site Status

North Florida Regional Medical Center

Gainesville, Florida, United States

Site Status

Palmetto General Hospital

Hialeah, Florida, United States

Site Status

Orange Park Medical Center

Jacksonville, Florida, United States

Site Status

Northeast Georgia Medical Center

Gainesville, Georgia, United States

Site Status

Elmhurst Hospital

Elmhurst, Illinois, United States

Site Status

Edward Hospital

Naperville, Illinois, United States

Site Status

Iowa Heart Center at Mercy Medical Center

Des Moines, Iowa, United States

Site Status

Overland Park Regional Medical Center

Overland Park, Kansas, United States

Site Status

KentuckyOne Health Saint Joseph Hospital

Lexington, Kentucky, United States

Site Status

KentuckyOne Health Jewish Hospital

Louisville, Kentucky, United States

Site Status

Tufts Medical Center

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status

UMass Memorial Medical Center

Worcester, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status

Henry Ford Macomb Hospital

Clinton Township, Michigan, United States

Site Status

DMC Heart Hospital

Detroit, Michigan, United States

Site Status

Henry Ford Hospital

Detroit, Michigan, United States

Site Status

Ascension St. John Hospital

Detroit, Michigan, United States

Site Status

Spectrum Health Fred and Lena Meijer Heart Center

Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States

Site Status

St. Joseph Mercy Oakland Hospital

Pontiac, Michigan, United States

Site Status

Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak

Royal Oak, Michigan, United States

Site Status

Beaumont Hospital, Troy

Troy, Michigan, United States

Site Status

North Mississippi Medical Center

Tupelo, Mississippi, United States

Site Status

Research Medical Center

Kansas City, Missouri, United States

Site Status

SSM Health St. Louis University Hospital

St Louis, Missouri, United States

Site Status

CHI Health Nebraska Heart

Lincoln, Nebraska, United States

Site Status

University of Nebraska Medical Center

Omaha, Nebraska, United States

Site Status

Englewood Hospital

Englewood, New Jersey, United States

Site Status

Hackensack Meridian Health Jersey Shore University Medical Center

Neptune City, New Jersey, United States

Site Status

Presbyterian Hospital

Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States

Site Status

San Juan Regional Medical Center

Farmington, New Mexico, United States

Site Status

Buffalo General Medical Center

Buffalo, New York, United States

Site Status

Mercy Hospital of Buffalo

Buffalo, New York, United States

Site Status

Vassar Brothers Medical Center

Poughkeepsie, New York, United States

Site Status

Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center

Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States

Site Status

The Christ Hospital

Cincinnati, Ohio, United States

Site Status

Kettering Medical Center

Kettering, Ohio, United States

Site Status

PeaceHealth Sacred Heart Medical Center at Riverbend

Springfield, Oregon, United States

Site Status

Lehigh Valley Hospital

Allentown, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital

Darby, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

Excela Westmoreland Regional Hospital

Greensburg, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

Temple University Hospital

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

Allegheny General Hospital

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

Rhode Island Hospital

Providence, Rhode Island, United States

Site Status

The Miriam Hospital

Providence, Rhode Island, United States

Site Status

Greenville Memorial Hospital

Greenville, South Carolina, United States

Site Status

Spartanburg Medical Center

Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States

Site Status

North Knoxville Medical Center

Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

Site Status

Fort Sanders Regional Medical Center

Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

Site Status

Physicians Regional Medical Center

Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

Site Status

University of Tennessee Medical Center

Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

Site Status

Parkwest Regional Medical Center

Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

Site Status

Turkey Creek Medical Center

Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

Site Status

Methodist University Hospital

Memphis, Tennessee, United States

Site Status

TriStar Centennial Medical Center

Nashville, Tennessee, United States

Site Status

Methodist Medical Center

Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States

Site Status

Heart Hospital of Austin

Austin, Texas, United States

Site Status

Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas

Dallas, Texas, United States

Site Status

Methodist Hospital

San Antonio, Texas, United States

Site Status

Brooke Army Medical Center

San Antonio, Texas, United States

Site Status

UVA University Hospital

Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

Site Status

Inova Fairfax Hospital

Falls Church, Virginia, United States

Site Status

Carilion Roanoke Memorial Hospital

Roanoke, Virginia, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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O'Neill W, Basir M, Dixon S, Patel K, Schreiber T, Almany S. Feasibility of Early Mechanical Support During Mechanical Reperfusion of Acute Myocardial Infarct Cardiogenic Shock. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2017 Mar 27;10(6):624-625. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2017.01.014. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28335901 (View on PubMed)

Basir MB, Schreiber TL, Grines CL, Dixon SR, Moses JW, Maini BS, Khandelwal AK, Ohman EM, O'Neill WW. Effect of Early Initiation of Mechanical Circulatory Support on Survival in Cardiogenic Shock. Am J Cardiol. 2017 Mar 15;119(6):845-851. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.11.037. Epub 2016 Dec 18.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28040188 (View on PubMed)

Basir MB, Schreiber T, Dixon S, Alaswad K, Patel K, Almany S, Khandelwal A, Hanson I, George A, Ashbrook M, Blank N, Abdelsalam M, Sareen N, Timmis SBH, O'Neill Md WW. Feasibility of early mechanical circulatory support in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: The Detroit cardiogenic shock initiative. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2018 Feb 15;91(3):454-461. doi: 10.1002/ccd.27427. Epub 2017 Dec 20.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29266676 (View on PubMed)

Goldberg RJ, Makam RC, Yarzebski J, McManus DD, Lessard D, Gore JM. Decade-Long Trends (2001-2011) in the Incidence and Hospital Death Rates Associated with the In-Hospital Development of Cardiogenic Shock after Acute Myocardial Infarction. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2016 Mar;9(2):117-25. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.002359. Epub 2016 Feb 16.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26884615 (View on PubMed)

Kolte D, Khera S, Aronow WS, Mujib M, Palaniswamy C, Sule S, Jain D, Gotsis W, Ahmed A, Frishman WH, Fonarow GC. Trends in incidence, management, and outcomes of cardiogenic shock complicating ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the United States. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014 Jan 13;3(1):e000590. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.113.000590.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24419737 (View on PubMed)

Hochman JS, Sleeper LA, White HD, Dzavik V, Wong SC, Menon V, Webb JG, Steingart R, Picard MH, Menegus MA, Boland J, Sanborn T, Buller CE, Modur S, Forman R, Desvigne-Nickens P, Jacobs AK, Slater JN, LeJemtel TH; SHOCK Investigators. Should We Emergently Revascularize Occluded Coronaries for Cardiogenic Shock. One-year survival following early revascularization for cardiogenic shock. JAMA. 2001 Jan 10;285(2):190-2. doi: 10.1001/jama.285.2.190.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 11176812 (View on PubMed)

Bainey KR, Armstrong PW. Transatlantic Comparison of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Guidelines: Insights From the United States and Europe. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 Jan 19;67(2):216-229. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.11.010. Epub 2015 Dec 23.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26724199 (View on PubMed)

Thiele H, Zeymer U, Neumann FJ, Ferenc M, Olbrich HG, Hausleiter J, Richardt G, Hennersdorf M, Empen K, Fuernau G, Desch S, Eitel I, Hambrecht R, Fuhrmann J, Bohm M, Ebelt H, Schneider S, Schuler G, Werdan K; IABP-SHOCK II Trial Investigators. Intraaortic balloon support for myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock. N Engl J Med. 2012 Oct 4;367(14):1287-96. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1208410. Epub 2012 Aug 26.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22920912 (View on PubMed)

Killip T 3rd, Kimball JT. Treatment of myocardial infarction in a coronary care unit. A two year experience with 250 patients. Am J Cardiol. 1967 Oct;20(4):457-64. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(67)90023-9. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 6059183 (View on PubMed)

Stretch R, Sauer CM, Yuh DD, Bonde P. National trends in the utilization of short-term mechanical circulatory support: incidence, outcomes, and cost analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Oct 7;64(14):1407-15. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.07.958.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25277608 (View on PubMed)

Basir MB, Kapur NK, Patel K, Salam MA, Schreiber T, Kaki A, Hanson I, Almany S, Timmis S, Dixon S, Kolski B, Todd J, Senter S, Marso S, Lasorda D, Wilkins C, Lalonde T, Attallah A, Larkin T, Dupont A, Marshall J, Patel N, Overly T, Green M, Tehrani B, Truesdell AG, Sharma R, Akhtar Y, McRae T 3rd, O'Neill B, Finley J, Rahman A, Foster M, Askari R, Goldsweig A, Martin S, Bharadwaj A, Khuddus M, Caputo C, Korpas D, Cawich I, McAllister D, Blank N, Alraies MC, Fisher R, Khandelwal A, Alaswad K, Lemor A, Johnson T, Hacala M, O'Neill WW; National Cardiogenic Shock Initiative Investigators. Improved Outcomes Associated with the use of Shock Protocols: Updates from the National Cardiogenic Shock Initiative. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2019 Jun 1;93(7):1173-1183. doi: 10.1002/ccd.28307. Epub 2019 Apr 25.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 31025538 (View on PubMed)

Lorusso R. First Myocardial Resting or First Myocardial Revascularization for Cardiogenic Shock After Acute Myocardial Infarction-Related Cardiac Arrest? Still a Hamlet Dilemma...Now, With Some More Clues.... Crit Care Med. 2021 Jun 1;49(6):999-1000. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000004932. No abstract available.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 34011835 (View on PubMed)

Lemor A, Basir MB, Gorgis S, Todd J, Marso S, Gelormini J, Akhtar Y, Baker J, Chahin J, Abdul-Waheed M, Thukral N, O'Neill W. Impact of Age in Acute Myocardial Infarction Cardiogenic Shock: Insights From the National Cardiogenic Shock Initiative. Crit Pathw Cardiol. 2021 Sep 1;20(3):163-167. doi: 10.1097/HPC.0000000000000255.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 33606413 (View on PubMed)

Provided Documents

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Document Type: Study Protocol

View Document

Related Links

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http://www.henryford.com/cardiogenicshock

National Cardiogenic Shock Initiative Website - Henry Ford Hospital

Other Identifiers

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National CSI

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

NCSI

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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