Connecting Alaska Native People to Quit Smoking

NCT ID: NCT03645941

Last Updated: 2022-06-08

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 61 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2019-12-13
• Study Completion Date: 2021-03-26

Brief Summary

The prevalence of smoking among US adults is highest among American Indians and Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons; however, there are a lack of tobacco cessation interventions developed specific to this disparity group. Social media holds promise as a scalable intervention strategy to promote engagement in treatment and cessation outcomes for Alaska Native (AN) people.

Researchers plan to develop and pilot test a culturally relevant, Facebook delivered intervention to promote smoking treatment uptake and cessation among AN smokers. The Facebook content will include a digital storytelling approach adapted from the effective Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Tips from Former Smokers educational mass media campaign. The project builds on the researcher team's longstanding tobacco control research partnership with the AN community and was informed by their understanding of cultural factors that can both impede and encourage cessation in this population. If the pilot intervention is successful, researchers will have a blueprint to conduct a large randomized controlled trial. The researchers long-term objective is to develop interventions for AN tobacco users that will ultimately reduce their risk of tobacco-caused disease and mortality.

Detailed Description

The Behavioral Health Research Program at Mayo Clinic will be coordinating the study (recruit, train, oversee, etc.), but the project will take place in Alaska. The study will be conducted at the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium (ANTHC) in Anchorage. All data collection and the intervention will be conducted by study staff at ANTHC and Mayo Clinic. For qualitative data collection, a semi-structured interviewer guide will be developed and the project coordinator in Alaska will conduct the interviews. Researchers will provide training for the project coordinator on-site in Anchorage including 4 hours of didactic instruction followed by 4 practice hours of mock interviews and a certified completion interview. All sessions will be audiotaped. These transcripts will be coded by the researchers to assess counselor adherence to the proscribed intervention, and feedback will be provided during weekly research team teleconferences.

Mayo Clinic social media department will create the Facebook group page, develop the content library of moderator postings, and set up the software to capture participant use data. A random sample of 20% of moderator postings and responses to participant inquiries and discussions will be selected every week for the first four weeks and monthly thereafter. These transcripts will be coded by the researchers to assess moderator adherence to the proscribed intervention, and feedback will be provided during weekly research team teleconferences.

A manual of study procedures will be developed for the project coordinator in Alaska (AK). A Mayo Clinic program coordinator and clinical trials coordinator, will travel with a Mayo Clinic Co-Investigator to Anchorage, AK, to train the project coordinator on the data collection and other study procedures. The same coordination, communication, and quality control procedures will be used that have been successfully utilized in previous work. For ongoing trials in Alaska, weekly conference calls are scheduled with study staff in AK and at Mayo Clinic to discuss progress and problem solve issues related to recruitment and data collection. Quality control of the data is also monitored on site through review of participant forms and procedures every 3 months. The biostatistician on this protocol will oversee the transfer of data forms, electronic data, and data storage. The Mayo Survey Research Center will electronically transfer all data to the biostatistician. The quality of the data (data checks) including missing data and presence and frequency of outliers will be monitored once per month by the biostatistician. For study recruitment, the project coordinator will track posting of ads through Facebook (FB) and in Alaska local newsletters and websites.

All measures will be administered online using Qualtrics software, a data security service. An email link will be sent automatically by the Mayo Clinic Survey Research Center to complete the assessment. If a participant does not complete online assessments, the participant will be contacted through email or by phone by the project coordinator and prompted to complete the assessment. Data collected from survey responses will be handled and maintained by the Mayo Clinic Survey Research Center and a de-identified database of responses will be provided to the investigators. Interview forms and audio tapes will be labeled with subject ID numbers only; all personal identifiers will be removed before the data are sent to Mayo Clinic for analysis. At Mayo Clinic the audio tapes will be stored in a locked file drawer accessible only to the PI, Co-Investigator, and the project coordinator. These will be destroyed once the interviews are fully transcribed.

A trained research assistant at Mayo Clinic will mail the saliva sample kit to the participant; and the saliva samples, labeled with a subject identifier (ID) number only, will be shipped directly back to Mayo Clinic for analysis of cotinine. Once the specimen sample is processed and results posted, the sample will be destroyed immediately.

The study staff in Anchorage and Rochester will monitor any reports or observations of medical problems or severe depression or other psychiatric symptoms in participants. The Principal Investigator (PI) and a Co-Investigator from Stanford University, licensed clinical psychologists, will be consulted by telephone to consult with the study staff as needed.

Conditions

Tobacco Use; Tobacco Smoking; Tobacco Use Cessation; Smoking Cessation; Smoking, Cigarette; Smoking, Tobacco; Smoking

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Quitline/Treatment Referral

Description of tobacco treatment services, phone numbers and web links sent via postal mail (printed materials) and email. Treatment options provide free, professional assistance based on U.S. clinical practice guidelines: (1)AK quitline, (2)regional tribal tobacco cessation programs, and (3)smokefree.gov resources (e.g., free texting program and smartphone application, quit guide)

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Facebook+Quitline/Treatment Referral

• Participants join a secret/private, culturally relevant Facebook group moderated by an AN tobacco research counselor for 3 months
• Once daily moderator postings for 30 days, repeated each month for 3 months; plus 3-4 daily check-ins/postings to respond to participant generated content and encourage sharing of personal stories/experiences relevant to all stages of the quitting process and treatment engagement
• Description of tobacco treatment services, phone numbers and web links sent via postal mail (printed materials) and email. Treatment options provide free, professional assistance based on U.S. clinical practice guidelines: (1)AK quitline, (2)regional tribal tobacco cessation programs, and (3)smokefree.gov resources (e.g., free texting program and smartphone application, quit guide)

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Facebook Group

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

The pilot trial, a two-arm, parallel groups, randomized controlled design, will enroll 60 participants randomized with 1:1 allocation to the intervention or control condition. Participants will be randomized within stratified blocks based on sex (male, female), age group (19-29, 30-49, 50+ years), and region (urban, rural); potential variables related to outcomes. Assessments will be conducted for both study groups at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 month follow-up.

Interventions

Facebook Group

The pilot trial, a two-arm, parallel groups, randomized controlled design, will enroll 60 participants randomized with 1:1 allocation to the intervention or control condition. Participants will be randomized within stratified blocks based on sex (male, female), age group (19-29, 30-49, 50+ years), and region (urban, rural); potential variables related to outcomes. Assessments will be conducted for both study groups at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 month follow-up.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

Participants must be:

1. >19 years of age (legal smoking age),

2. Alaska Native race/ethnicity,

3. smoke at least 1 cigarette per day over the past 7 day period,

4. if other tobacco use, cigarettes are the main tobacco product used,

5. considering or willing to make a quit attempt,

6. access to internet,

7. have an existing Facebook account or willing to set up an account, and

8. is not using pharmacotherapy or has not enrolled in a program to stop smoking for past 3 months.

• Each person is only eligible to participate in one part of the study.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 19 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Mayo Clinic

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Christi Patten

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Christi A Patten, Ph.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Mayo Clinic

Locations

Mayo Clinic in Rochester

Rochester, Minnesota, United States

Countries

United States

References

Patten CA, Koller KR, Sinicrope PS, Prochaska JJ, Young C, Resnicow K, Decker PA, Hughes CA, Merritt ZT, McConnell CR, Huang M, Thomas TK. Facebook Intervention to Connect Alaska Native People With Resources and Support to Quit Smoking: CAN Quit Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Nicotine Tob Res. 2023 Mar 22;25(4):803-813. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntac221.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 36130170 (View on PubMed)

Merculieff ZT, Koller KR, Sinicrope PS, Hughes CA, Bock MJ, Decker PA, Resnicow K, Flanagan CA, Meade CD, McConnell CR, Prochaska JJ, Thomas TK, Patten CA. Developing a Social Media Intervention to Connect Alaska Native People Who Smoke with Resources and Support to Quit Smoking: The Connecting Alaska Native Quit Study. Nicotine Tob Res. 2021 May 24;23(6):1002-1009. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa253.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 33674856 (View on PubMed)

Provided Documents

Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan

View Document

Document Type: Informed Consent Form

View Document

Related Links

https://www.mayo.edu/research/clinical-trials

Mayo Clinic Clinical Trials

Other Identifiers

R34DA046008

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

17-009947

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id