Tai Chi-muscle Power Training for Primary School Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder
NCT ID: NCT03598478
Last Updated: 2021-11-23
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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UNKNOWN
NA
156 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2020-01-01
2023-12-31
Brief Summary
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Design: A randomized controlled trial. Sample: 156 children with DCD. Interventions: TC-MPT, TC alone, MPT alone, or usual care for 12 weeks. Major outcomes: Outcomes will be evaluated at baseline, post-intervention, and a 3-month follow-up. An LOS test will give a dynamic LOS score, an isokinetic test will quantify leg muscle force production speed, Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 will be used to assess functional motor performance, and fall history will be obtained via interviews.
Anticipated results and significance: The TC-MPT group is predicted to display the best LOS balance performance, which is associated with reduced fall incidents and improved functional performance. This novel training regime could be readily adopted into school or clinical settings to improve physical well-being in children with DCD, an outcome with positive socioeconomic implications.
Detailed Description
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The investigator's recent studies demonstrate the underlying causes of impaired LOS in children with DCD to include suboptimal volitional control of the center of gravity (COG) and reduced leg muscle force production speed. Tai chi (TC) is a particularly suitable exercise for improving COG control, yet the speed of movement is too slow to improve muscle power. Hence, muscle power training (MPT), which can hasten leg muscle force production, in conjunction with TC (TC-MPT) may be an ideal therapy for improving LOS, preventing falls, and improving functional performance in children with DCD.
In the proposed study, the investigators will pioneer the treatment of both COG control and leg muscular deficit in children with DCD by incorporating MPT into TC. It is hypothesized that the LOS of balance control in these children can best be improved by treating both their COG control and muscular deficits. This hypothesis is supported by the prediction that TC-MPT is superior to either TC or MPT alone in improving LOS balance performance. Furthermore, improved LOS is associated with fewer fall incidents and better functional performance in children with DCD.
Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of TC-MPT, TC alone, MPT alone, and usual care (as a control) for improving the LOS of balance control in children with DCD and to explore the relationship among LOS, falls, and functional performance in this population.
Design: A randomized controlled trial. Sample: 156 children with DCD. Interventions: TC-MPT, TC alone, MPT alone, or usual care for 12 weeks. Major outcomes: Outcomes will be evaluated at baseline, post-intervention, and a 3-month follow-up. An LOS test will give a dynamic LOS score, an isokinetic test will quantify leg muscle force production speed, Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 will be used to assess functional motor performance, and fall history will be obtained via interviews.
Anticipated results and significance: The TC-MPT group is predicted to display the best LOS balance performance, which is associated with reduced fall incidents and improved functional performance. This novel training regime could be readily adopted into school or clinical settings to improve physical well-being in children with DCD, an outcome with positive socioeconomic implications.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
SINGLE
Study Groups
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TC-MPT group
Tai Chi-muscle power training group
TC-MPT
Participants will receive two levels of training within each 90-minute session over a 12-week period: (1) TC training and (2) MPT. The TC training protocol consists of five basic TC movements. After receiving TC training, the participants in this group will take a 5-minute break and then receive MPT. During MPT, the participants will contract their major postural muscles bilaterally as fast as possible against a resistance equivalent to 70% of one repetition maximum.
TC group
Tai Chi group
TC
Children in the TC group will skip the MPT session and practice TC movements repeatedly for 90 minutes. The exercise progression pattern in the TC-alone group will be the same as that in the TC-MPT group.
MPT group
Muscle power training group
MPT
Those children in the MPT group will perform strengthening exercises repeatedly for 90 minutes, with a short 5-minute break between the three sets of exercises if necessary. The exercise progression pattern in the MPT-alone group will be the same as that in the TC-MPT group.
Control group
Usual medical care is allowed.
No interventions assigned to this group
Interventions
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TC-MPT
Participants will receive two levels of training within each 90-minute session over a 12-week period: (1) TC training and (2) MPT. The TC training protocol consists of five basic TC movements. After receiving TC training, the participants in this group will take a 5-minute break and then receive MPT. During MPT, the participants will contract their major postural muscles bilaterally as fast as possible against a resistance equivalent to 70% of one repetition maximum.
TC
Children in the TC group will skip the MPT session and practice TC movements repeatedly for 90 minutes. The exercise progression pattern in the TC-alone group will be the same as that in the TC-MPT group.
MPT
Those children in the MPT group will perform strengthening exercises repeatedly for 90 minutes, with a short 5-minute break between the three sets of exercises if necessary. The exercise progression pattern in the MPT-alone group will be the same as that in the TC-MPT group.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
Classified as DCD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders V (DSM-5)
A percentile score of \< 5th percentile on the MABC-2
A total score of \< 55 (for children aged 8 to 9 years 11 months) or \< 57 (for children aged 10 or above) on the DCD questionnaire 2007 (Chinese version)
Attending a mainstream primary school (i.e., intelligence level within the normal range)
Exclusion Criteria
Receiving active treatment such as physiotherapy
Demonstrating excessive disruptive behavior during the assessments
Those unable to follow instructions properly
9 Years
12 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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The University of Hong Kong
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Shirley S.M. Fong
Assistant Professor
Principal Investigators
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Shirley Fong, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
The University of Hong Kong
Locations
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University of Hong Kong
Hong Kong, , Hong Kong
Countries
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Other Identifiers
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002
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id