Vegetarian Diet and Chronic Degenerative Diseases

NCT ID: NCT03470584

Last Updated: 2025-09-12

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

18064 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2005-03-01

Study Completion Date

2014-12-31

Brief Summary

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To investigate the prospective association between a vegetarian diet and chronic degenerative diseases in two cohorts of Taiwanese Buddhists

Detailed Description

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The Tzu Chi Vegetarian Study (TCVS) recruited 12062 community volunteers of the Buddhists Tzu Chi Foundation throughout Taiwan in the year 2005. All participants completed a self-administered questionnaire on basic information, medical history, lifestyle, and diet.

The Tzu Chi Health Study (TCHS) recruited 6002 participants who came to the Buddhist Tzu Chi Dalin General Hospital for health examination. All participants were interviewed on basic information, medical history, lifestyle, and diet. Biochemical and anthropometric data was collected through a health examination:

Biochemical variables: CBC, fasting glucose, lipid profile (TCH, LDL, HDL, TG), BUN, Cr, ALT, AST, and UA. In addition, homocysteine, serum vitamin B12, folate, and C-reactive protein (CRP) are available for 1500 subjects.

Blood: Extra blood samples have been obtained and stored for 3500 subjects and will be available for future investigation.

Anthropometric variables: body weight, height, waist circumference, % body fat (with BIA), blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, bone mineral density through DXA (at spine for female and hip for male), lung function test (spirometric), abdominal sonography, colonoscopy, esophageal-gastro-duodenal-scopy, chest X-ray, KUB.

Follow-up: Individual baseline data were linked to the National Health Insurance Database and the National Death Registry to ascertain disease outcomes at the Health and Welfare Data Science Center.

Conditions

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Dementia Depression Cardiovascular Diseases Stroke Gout Cataract Gallstone Urinary Tract Infections

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

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Tzu Chi Vegetarian Study

12062 Tzu Chi volunteers of the Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation recruited throughout communities in Taiwan in the year 2005. All participants filled out a self-administered questionnaire on basic information, medical history, lifestyle, and diet. Diet exposure: 1/3 vegetarians, 2/3 nonvegetarians.

Diet Exposure

Intervention Type OTHER

Vegetarian diet vs nonvegetarian diet

Tzu Chi Health Study

6002 participants who came for health examination at the Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital between the years 2007 to 2009. 77% were Tzu Chi volunteers. All participants were interviewed on a structured questionnaire including basic information, medical history, lifestyle, and diet, and received a comprehensive health examination. Diet exposure: 1/3 vegetarians, 2/3 nonvegetarians.

Diet Exposure

Intervention Type OTHER

Vegetarian diet vs nonvegetarian diet

Interventions

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Diet Exposure

Vegetarian diet vs nonvegetarian diet

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Participants who consent to be followed.

Exclusion Criteria

* Participants with inaccurate ID which make linkage to NHIRD impossible.
* Participants already with study outcome (disease) prior to enrollment in the study.
* Participants with missing covariates
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Chin-Lon Lin, MD

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital

Locations

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Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital

Chiayi City, , Taiwan

Site Status

Countries

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Taiwan

References

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Chiu THT, Liu CH, Chang CC, Lin MN, Lin CL. Vegetarian diet and risk of gout in two separate prospective cohort studies. Clin Nutr. 2020 Mar;39(3):837-844. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.03.016. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30955983 (View on PubMed)

Chiu THT, Chang HR, Wang LY, Chang CC, Lin MN, Lin CL. Vegetarian diet and incidence of total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic stroke in 2 cohorts in Taiwan. Neurology. 2020 Mar 17;94(11):e1112-e1121. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009093. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 32102976 (View on PubMed)

Chiu THT, Chang CC, Lin CL, Lin MN. A Vegetarian Diet Is Associated with a Lower Risk of Cataract, Particularly Among Individuals with Overweight: A Prospective Study. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2021 Apr;121(4):669-677.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.11.003. Epub 2020 Dec 11.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33309591 (View on PubMed)

Chang CM, Chiu THT, Chang CC, Lin MN, Lin CL. Plant-Based Diet, Cholesterol, and Risk of Gallstone Disease: A Prospective Study. Nutrients. 2019 Feb 4;11(2):335. doi: 10.3390/nu11020335.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30720747 (View on PubMed)

Lin CL, Wang JH, Chang CC, Chiu THT, Lin MN. Vegetarian Diets and Medical Expenditure in Taiwan-A Matched Cohort Study. Nutrients. 2019 Nov 6;11(11):2688. doi: 10.3390/nu11112688.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31698872 (View on PubMed)

Chen YC, Chang CC, Chiu THT, Lin MN, Lin CL. The risk of urinary tract infection in vegetarians and non-vegetarians: a prospective study. Sci Rep. 2020 Jan 30;10(1):906. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58006-6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 32001729 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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TCHS-02

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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