The Association Between Herpes Simplex Viruses and Autism
NCT ID: NCT03180112
Last Updated: 2017-06-08
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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UNKNOWN
80 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
2017-08-01
2019-02-01
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Herpes simplex virus encephalitis is the leading cause of sporadic, nonepidemic encephalitis in children and adults in the United States. It is an acute necrotizing infection generally involving the frontal and/or temporal cortex and the limbic system and, beyond the neonatal period, is almost always caused by Herpes simplex virus type on.
The etiology of autism is unknown; data suggest that autism results from multiple etiologies with both genetic and environmental contributions. One proposed etiology for autism is viral infection very early in development. The mechanism, by which viral infection may lead to autism, be it through direct infection of the central nervous system, through infection elsewhere in the body acting as a trigger for disease in the central nervous system, through alteration of the immune response of the mother or offspring, or through a combination of these, is not yet known.
Many encephalitic patients had temporal lobe involvement. Autism results from neuropathology relating to the temporal lobes. They speculate the differences in the extent and neuropathologies of the temporal lobes contribute to the heterogeneity of autism. Also, herpes viruses can induce a variety of proinflammatory cytokines during infections, along with elevated interferon in the brain during Herpes simplex virus encephalitis.
Conditions
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Study Design
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CASE_CONTROL
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Study Groups
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case group
Children suffering from Autism Spectrum disorders of variable grades attending to assiut University Children Hospital aged between six months and five years.
enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction
Blood samples will be collected and analyzed for herpes simplex viruses (type one and two) antibody by sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
control group
Healthy children of matching age and sex.
enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction
Blood samples will be collected and analyzed for herpes simplex viruses (type one and two) antibody by sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
Interventions
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enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction
Blood samples will be collected and analyzed for herpes simplex viruses (type one and two) antibody by sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
2. Age between six months and five years
Exclusion Criteria
2. History of metabolic or neurodegenerative disease.
3. Gross motor delay.
4. Audiologic problems.
5. Mental retardation.
6. Other psychiatric problems.
6 Months
5 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Assiut University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Khalaf A Sayed
principle investigator
Central Contacts
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References
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Johnson CP, Myers SM; American Academy of Pediatrics Council on Children With Disabilities. Identification and evaluation of children with autism spectrum disorders. Pediatrics. 2007 Nov;120(5):1183-215. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-2361. Epub 2007 Oct 29.
Zappella M. Autistic regression with and without EEG abnormalities followed by favourable outcome. Brain Dev. 2010 Oct;32(9):739-45. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2010.05.004. Epub 2010 Aug 12.
Fombonne E. Epidemiology of pervasive developmental disorders. Pediatr Res. 2009 Jun;65(6):591-8. doi: 10.1203/PDR.0b013e31819e7203.
Libbey JE, Sweeten TL, McMahon WM, Fujinami RS. Autistic disorder and viral infections. J Neurovirol. 2005 Feb;11(1):1-10. doi: 10.1080/13550280590900553.
DeLong GR, Bean SC, Brown FR 3rd. Acquired reversible autistic syndrome in acute encephalopathic illness in children. Arch Neurol. 1981 Mar;38(3):191-4. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1981.00510030085013.
Gillberg C. Onset at age 14 of a typical autistic syndrome. A case report of a girl with herpes simplex encephalitis. J Autism Dev Disord. 1986 Sep;16(3):369-75. doi: 10.1007/BF01531665. No abstract available.
Ghaziuddin M, Tsai LY, Eilers L, Ghaziuddin N. Brief report: autism and herpes simplex encephalitis. J Autism Dev Disord. 1992 Mar;22(1):107-13. doi: 10.1007/BF01046406. No abstract available.
Hetzler BE, Griffin JL. Infantile autism and the temporal lobe of the brain. J Autism Dev Disord. 1981 Sep;11(3):317-30. doi: 10.1007/BF01531514.
Dalod M, Salazar-Mather TP, Malmgaard L, Lewis C, Asselin-Paturel C, Briere F, Trinchieri G, Biron CA. Interferon alpha/beta and interleukin 12 responses to viral infections: pathways regulating dendritic cell cytokine expression in vivo. J Exp Med. 2002 Feb 18;195(4):517-28. doi: 10.1084/jem.20011672.
Salazar-Mather TP, Hamilton TA, Biron CA. A chemokine-to-cytokine-to-chemokine cascade critical in antiviral defense. J Clin Invest. 2000 Apr;105(7):985-93. doi: 10.1172/JCI9232.
Legaspi RC, Gatmaitan B, Bailey EJ, Lerner AM. Interferon in biopsy and autopsy specimens of brain. Its presence in herpes simplex virus encephalitis. Arch Neurol. 1980 Feb;37(2):76-9. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1980.00500510034004.
Other Identifiers
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HA
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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