Comparison of Affect-based, Self-selected, and Traditional Exercise Prescriptions

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

159 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2017-02-21

Study Completion Date

2018-03-29

Brief Summary

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This study will evaluate adherence to four types of walking programs. Participants will be randomized to walking programs that included either (1) affect-based exercise intensity, (2) self-selected (or "choice-based") exercise intensity, (3) heart-rate based exercise intensity, or (4) heart-rate guided exercise intensity with the emphasis on affective benefits.

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Detailed Description

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The purpose of this study is to determine if an "affect-based" or "choice-based" exercise prescription is more effective for behavior change than a traditional, "moderate-intensity" exercise prescription. Prior research suggests that "choice-based" or "self-selected" exercise intensity is more pleasant and adhered to than "moderate-intensity exercise" (Williams et al., 2014). Similarly, affect-based exercise prescriptions (i.e., an exercise prescription where intensity is regulated based on the pleasure-displeasure one feels while exercising) appear to have merit (Baldwin, Kangas, Denman, Smits, Yamada, \& Otto, 2016).

However, choice-based and affect-based exercise prescriptions have not been compared to each other. Further, it is unknown if it is the intensity regulation that matters (e.g., "choose an intensity that feels good" or the focus on affect (e.g., "focus on feeling good). Third, prior research has not objectively measured physical activity behavior.

Conditions

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Physical Activity

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Choice-No Affect

These participants self-select (i.e., choose) their exercise intensity with the goal of walking 30-60 minutes on most days of the week. For safety reasons, they are instructed not to exceed 59% of their heart rate reserve. This is choice-based exercise intensity with no focus on positive affect.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Choice-based Exercise Intensity

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants are instructed to choose whichever intensity they want, rather than regulate their intensity based on heart rate.

Choice-Affect

These participants self-select their exercise intensity with the goal of walking 30-60 minutes on most days of the week. They're instructed to choose the intensity that makes them feel the best. For safety reasons, they are instructed not to exceed 59% of their heart rate reserve. This is choice-based exercise intensity with a focus on positive affect.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Choice-based Exercise Intensity

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants are instructed to choose whichever intensity they want, rather than regulate their intensity based on heart rate.

Positive Affect Focus

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants are instructed to focus on feeling good while exercising.

No Choice-Affect

These participants regulate their exercise intensity using their heart rate, with the goal of walking 30-60 minutes on most days of the week. The intensity is "moderate" according to the American College of Sports Medicine (40-59% of their heart rate reserve). Meanwhile, these participants are instructed to focus on the "good feelings" that come with exercise. this is heart rate-based exercise intensity with a focus on positive affect.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Positive Affect Focus

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants are instructed to focus on feeling good while exercising.

Heart rate-based Exercise Intensity

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants are instructed to regulate their exercise intensity based on their heart rate.

No Choice-No Affect

These participants regulate their exercise intensity using their heart rate, with the goal of walking 30-60 minutes on most days of the week. The intensity is "moderate" according to the American College of Sports Medicine (40-59% of their heart rate reserve). This is heart rate-based exercise intensity with no focus on positive affect.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Heart rate-based Exercise Intensity

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants are instructed to regulate their exercise intensity based on their heart rate.

Interventions

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Choice-based Exercise Intensity

Participants are instructed to choose whichever intensity they want, rather than regulate their intensity based on heart rate.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Positive Affect Focus

Participants are instructed to focus on feeling good while exercising.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Heart rate-based Exercise Intensity

Participants are instructed to regulate their exercise intensity based on their heart rate.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Must be fluent in English
* Must be able to walk
* Exercise less than 90 minutes per week at a moderate-intensity
* Must be able to attend laboratory visits
* Must have mobile internet accent and a personal smartphone (iPhone iOS 9+ or Android OS 4.3+)
* Can safely exercise at an intensity that is at least "moderate"

Exclusion Criteria

* People who are recommended to have medical clearance prior to exercising, according to the American College of Sports Medicine's preparticipation screening criteria, will be excluded

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes