Effectiveness of the Distraction Methods During Cystoscopy

NCT ID: NCT02764294

Last Updated: 2019-03-07

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

120 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2016-03-31

Study Completion Date

2017-03-31

Brief Summary

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Cystoscopy is a pain procedure and patients may experience anxiety and dissatisfaction before and during the procedure. Especially male patients feel more pain than females during cystoscopy. The aim of this study is to compare effectiveness of three different distraction methods on pain, anxiety and satisfaction of the male patients during cystoscopy.

Detailed Description

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Cystoscopy is a reliable and effective method used commonly to investigate tumors and pathological or suspicious views related to bladder and urethra. The patients may feel pain, anxiety and dissatisfaction when cystoscope is inserted into the bladder. Thus nonpharmacological and pharmacological methods are used to decrease pain, anxiety and dissatisfaction levels of the patients during the procedure. Music is the most commonly used distraction method during cystoscopy, but there are few studies in this issue (only music) on literature. In additon, there isn't any study related to stress ball use during cystoscopy and there isn't any study which comparatives effectiveness of the multiple distraction methods to reduce pain, anxiety and dissatisfaction levels during this procedure. Therefore the investigators aimed to compare effectiveness of three different distraction methods (music, stress ball and DVD) on pain, anxiety and satisfaction of the patients during cystoscopy.

Conditions

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Pain Anxiety Satisfaction

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Music Group

Music group was listened to a music of their choise with a headset. The music intervention was started about 10-15 minutes before cystoscopy and continued during the whole procedure. Types of music were Turkish folk music, Turkish art music, Turkish arabesque music, Turkish pop music, foreign pop music, rock music, and classical music.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Music Group

Intervention Type OTHER

Music group was listened to a music of their choise with a headset. The music intervention was started about 10-15 minutes before cystoscopy and continued during the whole procedure. Types of music were Turkish folk music, Turkish art music, Turkish arabesque music, Turkish pop music, foreign pop music, rock music, and classical music.

Stress Ball Group

Stress ball group was given stress ball into both their palms about 10-15 minutes before cystoscopy. Participants were instructed to "squeeze the balls twice after counting up to five" and "repeat it until the end of the procedure".

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Stress Ball Group

Intervention Type OTHER

Music group was given stress ball into both their palms about 10-15 minutes before cystoscopy. Participants were instructed to "squeeze the balls twice after counting up to five" and "repeat it until the end of the procedure".

DVD Group

DVD group was watched a DVD of their choice (documentaries, interesting and amazing videos, comedies) on a ceiling-mounted monitor positioned at a comfortable distance to the participant.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

DVD Group

Intervention Type OTHER

DVD group was started to be watched a DVD of their choise about 10-15 minutes before cystoscopy and continued during the whole procedure.

Control Group

Participants received usual care from health professionals. They didn't receive any intervention.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Music Group

Music group was listened to a music of their choise with a headset. The music intervention was started about 10-15 minutes before cystoscopy and continued during the whole procedure. Types of music were Turkish folk music, Turkish art music, Turkish arabesque music, Turkish pop music, foreign pop music, rock music, and classical music.

Intervention Type OTHER

Stress Ball Group

Music group was given stress ball into both their palms about 10-15 minutes before cystoscopy. Participants were instructed to "squeeze the balls twice after counting up to five" and "repeat it until the end of the procedure".

Intervention Type OTHER

DVD Group

DVD group was started to be watched a DVD of their choise about 10-15 minutes before cystoscopy and continued during the whole procedure.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* to be male and over 18 years old
* to be first csytoscopy
* to be rigid csytoscopy

Exclusion Criteria

* to have a contradiction for csystoscopy (lidocaine allergies, urinary tract infection, no anatomical problems with the urethra etc.)
* to be used any analgesic drug at least 24 hours prior to cystoscopy
* to be made manipulations such as double j stent placement or removal, and bladder biopsy
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

MALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi Gulhane Tip Fakultesi

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Elif Gezginci

RN, PhD

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Elif Gezginci, RN, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Health Sciences, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Ankara, Turkey

References

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Burke DM, Shackley DC, O'Reilly PH. The community-based morbidity of flexible cystoscopy. BJU Int. 2002 Mar;89(4):347-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1464-4096.2001.01899.x.

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Cano-Garcia Mdel C, Casares-Perez R, Arrabal-Martin M, Merino-Salas S, Arrabal-Polo MA. Use of Lidocaine 2% Gel Does Not Reduce Pain during Flexible Cystoscopy and Is Not Cost-Effective. Urol J. 2015 Nov 14;12(5):2362-5.

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Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Soomro KQ, Nasir AR, Ather MH. Impact of patient's self-viewing of flexible cystoscopy on pain using a visual analog scale in a randomized controlled trial. Urology. 2011 Jan;77(1):21-3. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2010.08.012. Epub 2010 Oct 25.

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Wang DS. Re: Does Listening to Music during Office-Based Flexible Cystoscopy Decrease Anxiety in Patients: A Prospective Randomized Trial. J Urol. 2016 Feb;195(2):448-9. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.10.153. Epub 2015 Nov 2. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Yerlikaya G, Laml T, Elenskaia K, Hanzal E, Kolbl H, Umek W. Pain perception during outpatient cystoscopy: a prospective controlled study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2014 Feb;173:101-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2013.11.007. Epub 2013 Nov 14.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Yeo JK, Cho DY, Oh MM, Park SS, Park MG. Listening to music during cystoscopy decreases anxiety, pain, and dissatisfaction in patients: a pilot randomized controlled trial. J Endourol. 2013 Apr;27(4):459-62. doi: 10.1089/end.2012.0222. Epub 2012 Dec 5.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Zhang ZS, Wang XL, Xu CL, Zhang C, Cao Z, Xu WD, Wei RC, Sun YH. Music reduces panic: an initial study of listening to preferred music improves male patient discomfort and anxiety during flexible cystoscopy. J Endourol. 2014 Jun;28(6):739-44. doi: 10.1089/end.2013.0705. Epub 2014 Mar 31.

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PMID: 24548148 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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50687469-1491-263-16/1648-736

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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