Effect Of Dexmedetomidine On Sublingual Microcirculation In Patients Undergoing On Pump CABG Surgery
NCT ID: NCT02714725
Last Updated: 2018-01-24
Study Results
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Basic Information
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UNKNOWN
PHASE4
70 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2016-01-31
2018-08-31
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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All patients will be mechanically ventilated with a tidal volume of 6-8 mL/kg and a respiratory rate of 12 - 14 to achieve end-tidal CO2 30 - 35 mmHg . A PEEP of 5 cm H2O is also added. FiO2 will be adjusted to achieve a PaO2 between 200 and 300 mmHg. Isoflurane will be adjusted to 1 - 1.5 expired MAC , as well as fentanyl increments of 2 μg/Kg will be used to control adequate level of anesthesia and to maintain hemodynamic stability. Incremental doses of pancuronium will be administered as needed.
Before starting CPB anticoagulation with 400IU/kg heparin iv will be administered and activated clotting time (ACT) will be used to check proper anticoagulation throughout CPB aiming at ACT \>400s.
Cardiopulmonary bypass flow rate of 2.2 - 2.4 l/min/m2 is maintained aiming to keep MAP of 50-80 mmHg together with the use of vasopressors and vasodilators when needed. After Initiation of CPB mild hypothermia (34-35℃) will be performed . During weaning from CPB, volume and pharmacological therapy with inotropes and vasodilators will be used as needed to maintain hemodynamic stability. All blood on the CPB machine will be re-infused into the patient and protamine will be administered in a dose of 4 mg/kg to return ACT to baseline values.
Using a computer-generated random sequence of numbers, patients will be allocated to one of the following two study groups:
\- Control group (Group C): During bypass, patients in this group will receive propofol infusion 50 - 70 mcg/kg/min plus normal saline infusion
\- Group Dexmedetomidine (Group DEX): During bypass, patients in this group will receive propofol infusion 50 - 70 mcg/kg/min plus dexmedetomidine infusion 0.5 mcg/kg/hr Patients and investigators performing the study and assessing its outcomes will all be blinded to the study group allocation. The study drugs will be prepared by a separate investigator not involved in either study performance or analysis.
Data collection Microcirculation will be studied with side-stream dark field (SDF) imaging (Microscan; MicroVision Medical, Amsterdam, Netherlands) at three times; Immediately before starting CBP (T0) , 30 min after initiation of bypass (T1), and 30 min after weaning from bypass (T2) Side stream dark field imaging is equipped with sterile caps to avoid contamination. Briefly, after gentle cleansing by isotonic-saline-drenched gauze, avoiding pressure artefacts, 5 steady images of at least 20 seconds each will be obtained and stored under a random number. Offline blind analysis of each video will be done by two investigators. A previously validated semiquantitative score will be used . It distinguishes between no flow (0), intermittent flow (1), sluggish flow (2), and continuous flow (3). A value is assigned to each individual vessel. The overall score, called the microvascular flow index (MFI), is the average of the individual values. For each patient, the values from 5 videos will be averaged. In addition, vascular density will be quantified as the number of vessels per millimeters squared. To determine heterogeneity of perfusion, the flow heterogeneity index will be calculated as the highest MFI minus the lowest MFI divided by the mean MFI. Finally, the percent of perfused vessels and the total and capillary perfused vascular densities will be calculated. The percent of perfused vessels will be calculated as the number of vessels with flows 2 and 3 divided by the total number of vessels and multiplied by 100. The perfused vascular density will be calculated as the number of vessels multiplied by the fraction of perfused vessels. These quantifications of flow were made per group of vessel diameter: small (capillaries), 10 to 20 μm; medium, 21 to 50 μm; and large, 51 to 100 μm Sample size (number of participants included) 68 patients (34 in each group) Power analysis was performed using Student's t-test for independent samples with MFI as the primary outcome. A previous study demonstrated that MFI during cardiopulmonary bypass was approximately 2.6 + 1. Sample size was calculated to detect a 25% difference in MFI between the two groups with a power of 0.8 and an alpha error of 0.5. A minimum of 62 patients (31 in each group) would be necessary, and this was increased to 68 (34 in each group) to compensate for dropouts.
Statistical analysis Data will expressed as mean + SD, median (range), or frequency as appropriate. Categorical variables will be compared using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test as appropriate. Normally distributed data will be compared using Student's t-test while non-normally distributed data will be compared using Mann-Whitney test or the Kruskal-Wallis test as appropriate. Intergroup comparisons will be done using analysis of variance with repeated measures and post-hoc Dunnett test. A P-value \< 0.05 will be considered statistically significant.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
PREVENTION
TRIPLE
Study Groups
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Control group (Group C)
During bypass, patients in this group will receive propofol infusion 50 - 70 mcg/kg/min plus normal saline infusion
Placebo for Dexmedetomidine normal saline infusion
During bypass, patients will receive normal saline infusion
Propofol infusion
During bypass, patients will receive propofol infusion 50 - 70 mcg/kg/min
Group Dexmedetomidine (Group DEX)
During bypass, patients in this group will receive propofol infusion 50 - 70 mcg/kg/min plus dexmedetomidine infusion 0.5 mcg/kg/hr
Dexmedetomidine
During bypass, patients will receive dexmedetomidine infusion 0.5 mcg/kg/hr
Propofol infusion
During bypass, patients will receive propofol infusion 50 - 70 mcg/kg/min
Interventions
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Dexmedetomidine
During bypass, patients will receive dexmedetomidine infusion 0.5 mcg/kg/hr
Placebo for Dexmedetomidine normal saline infusion
During bypass, patients will receive normal saline infusion
Propofol infusion
During bypass, patients will receive propofol infusion 50 - 70 mcg/kg/min
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
Exclusion Criteria
* Emergency surgeries
* Redo surgeries
* Pregnancy
* Vasculitis
* Inflammation or infection at the study site
* History of allergic reaction to study medications
18 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Cairo University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Hassan mohamed
Dr
Principal Investigators
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Hisham H Abdel Wahab, MD
Role: STUDY_CHAIR
Cairo University
Hossam S El-Ashmawi, MD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Cairo University
Pierre Z Tawadros, MD
Role: STUDY_CHAIR
Cairo University
Hassan M Hassan, M.D,FCAI
Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
Cairo University
Locations
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Kasr Al-Ainy hospitals , Faculty of medicine , Cairo university
Cairo, , Egypt
Countries
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Central Contacts
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Facility Contacts
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References
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Koning NJ, Vonk AB, Meesters MI, Oomens T, Verkaik M, Jansen EK, Baufreton C, Boer C. Microcirculatory perfusion is preserved during off-pump but not on-pump cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2014 Apr;28(2):336-41. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2013.05.026. Epub 2013 Oct 23.
Vellinga NA, Ince C, Boerma EC. Microvascular dysfunction in the surgical patient. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2010 Aug;16(4):377-83. doi: 10.1097/mcc.0b013e32833a0633.
den Uil CA, Lagrand WK, van der Ent M, Jewbali LS, Cheng JM, Spronk PE, Simoons ML. Impaired microcirculation predicts poor outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. Eur Heart J. 2010 Dec;31(24):3032-9. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq324. Epub 2010 Sep 9.
De Backer D, Dubois MJ, Schmartz D, Koch M, Ducart A, Barvais L, Vincent JL. Microcirculatory alterations in cardiac surgery: effects of cardiopulmonary bypass and anesthesia. Ann Thorac Surg. 2009 Nov;88(5):1396-403. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.07.002.
Bauer A, Kofler S, Thiel M, Eifert S, Christ F. Monitoring of the sublingual microcirculation in cardiac surgery using orthogonal polarization spectral imaging: preliminary results. Anesthesiology. 2007 Dec;107(6):939-45. doi: 10.1097/01.anes.0000291442.69337.c9.
Koning NJ, Atasever B, Vonk AB, Boer C. Changes in microcirculatory perfusion and oxygenation during cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2014 Oct;28(5):1331-40. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2013.04.009. Epub 2013 Sep 12. No abstract available.
De Backer D, Hollenberg S, Boerma C, Goedhart P, Buchele G, Ospina-Tascon G, Dobbe I, Ince C. How to evaluate the microcirculation: report of a round table conference. Crit Care. 2007;11(5):R101. doi: 10.1186/cc6118.
Atasever B, Boer C, Goedhart P, Biervliet J, Seyffert J, Speekenbrink R, Schwarte L, de Mol B, Ince C. Distinct alterations in sublingual microcirculatory blood flow and hemoglobin oxygenation in on-pump and off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2011 Oct;25(5):784-90. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2010.09.002. Epub 2010 Nov 5.
Koning NJ, Vonk AB, van Barneveld LJ, Beishuizen A, Atasever B, van den Brom CE, Boer C. Pulsatile flow during cardiopulmonary bypass preserves postoperative microcirculatory perfusion irrespective of systemic hemodynamics. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2012 May;112(10):1727-34. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01191.2011. Epub 2012 Mar 8.
Yuruk K, Almac E, Bezemer R, Goedhart P, de Mol B, Ince C. Blood transfusions recruit the microcirculation during cardiac surgery. Transfusion. 2011 May;51(5):961-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02971.x. Epub 2010 Dec 6.
Savola JM, Virtanen R. Central alpha 2-adrenoceptors are highly stereoselective for dexmedetomidine, the dextro enantiomer of medetomidine. Eur J Pharmacol. 1991 Mar 26;195(2):193-9. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(91)90535-x.
Gertler R, Brown HC, Mitchell DH, Silvius EN. Dexmedetomidine: a novel sedative-analgesic agent. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2001 Jan;14(1):13-21. doi: 10.1080/08998280.2001.11927725.
Miranda ML, Balarini MM, Bouskela E. Dexmedetomidine attenuates the microcirculatory derangements evoked by experimental sepsis. Anesthesiology. 2015 Mar;122(3):619-30. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000491.
Yeh YC, Sun WZ, Ko WJ, Chan WS, Fan SZ, Tsai JC, Lin TY. Dexmedetomidine prevents alterations of intestinal microcirculation that are induced by surgical stress and pain in a novel rat model. Anesth Analg. 2012 Jul;115(1):46-53. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e318253631c. Epub 2012 Apr 13.
Boerma EC, Mathura KR, van der Voort PH, Spronk PE, Ince C. Quantifying bedside-derived imaging of microcirculatory abnormalities in septic patients: a prospective validation study. Crit Care. 2005;9(6):R601-6. doi: 10.1186/cc3809. Epub 2005 Sep 22.
den Uil CA, Lagrand WK, Spronk PE, van Domburg RT, Hofland J, Luthen C, Brugts JJ, van der Ent M, Simoons ML. Impaired sublingual microvascular perfusion during surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a pilot study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008 Jul;136(1):129-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2007.10.046. Epub 2008 May 2.
Other Identifiers
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N-54-2015
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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