Reflectance Confocal Microscopy in Basal Cell Carcinoma
NCT ID: NCT02623101
Last Updated: 2019-09-20
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.
COMPLETED
NA
288 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2015-12-01
2019-05-31
Brief Summary
Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.
Overall, the aim of this study is to investigate whether reflectance confocal microscopy can correctly identify the subtype of basal cell carcinoma.
Study design: Randomized controlled trail. Comparison with usual care: punch biopsy and excision.
Related Clinical Trials
Explore similar clinical trials based on study characteristics and research focus.
One-stop-shop Study for Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma Using Reflectance Confocal Microscopy
NCT02285790
Confocal Reflectance Microscopy of Shave-Biopsy Sites on Skin in Vivo.
NCT00601185
Real-world Evaluation of Diagnostic and Treatment Strategies in Low-Risk Basal Cell Carcinoma
NCT06252857
Reflectance Confocal Microscopy to Diagnose BCC
NCT03509415
Added Value of OCT for Diagnosing Recurrent BCC After Non-invasive Treatment
NCT05581342
Detailed Description
Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.
Skin cancer is the most common cancer and its incidence is increasing rapidly in Western countries. In the Netherlands the registry of skin cancer is poor, however based on recent literature and guidelines the investigators estimate the number of new malignant skin tumors and the precursor actinic keratosis (AK) in 2015 at around 235,278, having a major impact on the health care system. Moreover, it is predicted that numbers of skin cancer will rise with 4.5-8% per year, depending on the type of skin cancer. Skin cancer comprises melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC: basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and its precursors actinic keratosis (AK) and Bowen disease). In case of suspicion on NMSC, at present, the pathological examination of a biopsy is the gold standard. In case of clinical suspicion on AK, the diagnosis is made à vue, without pathological confirmation. In the United States, already in 2003, skin cancer was found to be among the most costly of all cancers to treat, thus, it is evident that skin cancer places an enormous burden on western healthcare systems with increasing costs. As BCC is the most common skin cancer (about 75% of all skin cancers) with an estimated incidence of 51,000 new tumors in 2015, this study will focus on this skin cancer type.
HEALTH CARE EFFICIENCY PROBLEM:
As described above, the incidences of the various malignant skin tumours are increasing dramatically. The rising number of skin cancer may result in long waiting lists for consultation at departments for dermatological care and in increasing health care costs. In case of suspicion on skin cancer it is of utmost importance to diagnose and treat in an early phase, preferable in a patient friendly manner. With the implementation of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) in routine patient care settings the diagnosis is assessed at the first consultation and the patient can be treated instantly. A second consultation for explaining the diagnosis is than not necessary, which time can then be used for other new patients. Also, with the conventional diagnostic procedure (pathological investigation of a skin biopsy) the investigators experience in 29% of the cases a sample error, so the BCC subtype is not correctly identified, and as treatment depends on BCC subtype many patients need a subsequent treatment because of treatment failure or recurrence. Also for pathologists, to examine skin tumor after skin tumor is not that efficient and challenging. More pathologists are needed if there will not be other diagnostic techniques in the future. RCM will also, not unimportantly, lower the costs for diagnosing skin cancer.
USUAL CARE:
Currently, in case of suspicion on NMSC, including BCC, an invasive diagnostic biopsy for pathological examination is performed.Treatment choices depend on BCC subtype.
THE INTERVENTION TO BE INVESTIGATED:
RCM is a non-invasive imaging technique. It provides real time images of cell- and tissue structures and dynamics in situ, without the need for ex vivo tissue samples. RCM visualizes human skin up to a depth of around 250 μm. Most, but not all tumors can be visualized. For thicker tumors RCM may help to find the optimal localization to perform a biopsy, as superficial features in these tumors may help to spot these. Moreover, the whole tumor can be imaged by RCM and a diagnosis can be made instantly.
RCM features for skin cancer are reported, which showed a high correlation with conventional pathological features. These features allow to diagnose AK and SCC, and subtypes in BCC (superficial, nodular, micronodular, infiltrative and mixed type BCCs).
RCM in the RELEVANCE FOR PRACTICE
Skin cancer is responsible for 50% of the costs in dermatological patient care, 75-80% of these costs are caused by BCC. These costs will increase even more, as incidence rates will rise further. As described above, the gold standard is pathological investigation of a biopsy or of an excision. However, pathological diagnosis of a biopsy often results in sampling errors, as only a small part of the tumor is investigated resulting in potentially inappropriate chosen therapies. The subtypes of BCC are treated differently. As a sample error may lead to treatment failures or recurrences, other subsequent treatments are needed, increasing costs. In addition, the conventional method is unfriendly for patients, as it is invasive, painful, scarring, and the diagnosis is not instantly available. In order to implement patient friendly RCM in daily BCC care, a large prospective study is needed. The ability of RCM in determining the correct diagnosis and subtyping BCC needs to be investigated as well as preparing protocols for use in patient care. It is believed that this diagnostic imaging technique will be more cost-effective and more patient friendly as compared to the biopsy procedure, the gold standard at present. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate whether reflectance confocal microscopy can correctly identify the subtype of basal cell carcinoma.
Study design: Randomized controlled trail. Comparison with usual care; punch biopsy and excision.
Conditions
See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.
Study Design
Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.
RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
DIAGNOSTIC
NONE
Study Groups
Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.
Standard of care procedure
Clinical suspected basal cell carcinomas, of all subtypes, will be diagnosed by conventional 3mm punch biopsy of the most clinical suspicious part of the lesion. Punch biopsies will be performed under local anesthetics using 1% xylocaine/adrenaline. Hematoxylin/eosin stained sections of the punch biopsies will be evaluated by an experienced pathologist. Subjects will receive surgical excision according to subtype.
When there is any doubt by reflectance confocal microscopic diagnosis, a punch biopsy will also be obtained and the lesion will be excized when the biopsy reveals a basal cell carcinoma.
Punch biopsy
Obtaining a skin sample of the suspicious lesion under local anesthetics
Surgical excision
Excision of the basal cell carcinoma lesion under local anesthetics
Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM)
The Vivascope 1500 and Vivascope 3000 (handheld divice) will be used (CE certified, Lucid Technologies, Henrietta, NY, USA). Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) imaging will be performed on clinical suspected basal cell carcinomas, of all subtypes. When there are signs of a basal cell carcinoma imaged by RCM, subjects will receive surgical excision according to subtype. When there is any doubt by RCM diagnosis, a punch biopsy will also be obtained and the lesion will be excized when the biopsy reveals a basal cell carcinoma.
Reflectance confocal microscopy
Non-invasive imaging of the lesion
Surgical excision
Excision of the basal cell carcinoma lesion under local anesthetics
Interventions
Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.
Reflectance confocal microscopy
Non-invasive imaging of the lesion
Punch biopsy
Obtaining a skin sample of the suspicious lesion under local anesthetics
Surgical excision
Excision of the basal cell carcinoma lesion under local anesthetics
Other Intervention Names
Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.
Eligibility Criteria
Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.
Inclusion Criteria
* Patients must be willing to give written informed consent
* Clinically diagnosed/ clinical suspicion of basal cell carcinoma
Exclusion Criteria
* Patient is having a medical condition which excludes participating the research, according to the investigator
* Incapacitated subjects will not be included
* Lesion(s) on parts of the body which do not allow to adequately image the tumour with RCM.
18 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.
ZonMw: The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development
OTHER
Mavig GmbH
INDUSTRY
Radboud University Medical Center
OTHER
Responsible Party
Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.
Principal Investigators
Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.
M JP Gerritsen, MD, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Dermatology
Locations
Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.
Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital
Nijmegen, , Netherlands
Radboud University Medical Center
Nijmegen, , Netherlands
Rijnstate Hospital
Velp, , Netherlands
Countries
Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.
References
Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.
Flohil SC, de Vries E, Neumann HA, Coebergh JW, Nijsten T. Incidence, prevalence and future trends of primary basal cell carcinoma in the Netherlands. Acta Derm Venereol. 2011 Jan;91(1):24-30. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1009.
Flohil SC, van der Leest RJ, Dowlatshahi EA, Hofman A, de Vries E, Nijsten T. Prevalence of actinic keratosis and its risk factors in the general population: the Rotterdam Study. J Invest Dermatol. 2013 Aug;133(8):1971-8. doi: 10.1038/jid.2013.134. Epub 2013 Mar 19.
Housman TS, Feldman SR, Williford PM, Fleischer AB Jr, Goldman ND, Acostamadiedo JM, Chen GJ. Skin cancer is among the most costly of all cancers to treat for the Medicare population. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003 Mar;48(3):425-9. doi: 10.1067/mjd.2003.186.
Wolberink EA, Pasch MC, Zeiler M, van Erp PE, Gerritsen MJ. High discordance between punch biopsy and excision in establishing basal cell carcinoma subtype: analysis of 500 cases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013 Aug;27(8):985-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04628.x. Epub 2012 Jul 3.
Peppelman M, Wolberink EA, Blokx WA, van de Kerkhof PC, van Erp PE, Gerritsen MJ. In vivo diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma subtype by reflectance confocal microscopy. Dermatology. 2013;227(3):255-62. doi: 10.1159/000354762. Epub 2013 Oct 18.
Peppelman M, Wolberink EA, Koopman RJ, van Erp PE, Gerritsen MJ. In vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy: A Useful Tool to Select the Location of a Punch Biopsy in a Large, Clinically Indistinctive Lesion. Case Rep Dermatol. 2013 Apr 25;5(1):129-32. doi: 10.1159/000351258. Print 2013 Jan.
Peppelman M, Nguyen KP, Hoogedoorn L, van Erp PE, Gerritsen MJ. Reflectance confocal microscopy: non-invasive distinction between actinic keratosis and squamous cell carcinoma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015 Jul;29(7):1302-9. doi: 10.1111/jdv.12806. Epub 2014 Oct 30.
Hoogedoorn L, Peppelman M, Blokx WAM, van Erp PEJ, Gerritsen MP. Prospective differentiation of clinically difficult to distinguish nodular basal cell carcinomas and intradermal nevi by non-invasive Reflectance Confocal Microscopy: a case series study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015 Feb;29(2):330-336. doi: 10.1111/jdv.12548. Epub 2014 May 20.
Longo C, Lallas A, Kyrgidis A, Rabinovitz H, Moscarella E, Ciardo S, Zalaudek I, Oliviero M, Losi A, Gonzalez S, Guitera P, Piana S, Argenziano G, Pellacani G. Classifying distinct basal cell carcinoma subtype by means of dermatoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014 Oct;71(4):716-724.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.04.067. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
Peppelman M, Nguyen KP, Alkemade HA, Maessen-Visch B, Hendriks JC, van Erp PE, Adang EM, Gerritsen MJ. Diagnosis of Basal Cell Carcinoma by Reflectance Confocal Microscopy: Study Design and Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Multicenter Trial. JMIR Res Protoc. 2016 Jun 30;5(2):e114. doi: 10.2196/resprot.5757.
Other Identifiers
Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.
RCM-onco ZonMw-1
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
More Related Trials
Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.