MELA Study - Hedonic Study on the Taste of Drugs Crushed in Food: Observational Study Involving 16 Healthy Volunteers

NCT ID: NCT02570581

Last Updated: 2015-10-07

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE1

Total Enrollment

16 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2014-06-30

Study Completion Date

2014-07-31

Brief Summary

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Elderly people often suffer from chronic pathologies and they are given polypharmacy. In case of swallowing problems, the drugs are crushed and mixed in food, which alters the taste of food and is a cause of anorexia and malnutrition. Gustative side-effects of crushed drugs have nether been investigated. The MELA study is a one session hedonic test involving 16 healthy volunteers. They will score in a blind manner the taste of 10 drugs commonly prescribed in nursing homes, crushed in jelly or apple compote. These volunteers will be 8 food professionals and 8 geriatric care professionals. Thanks to the MELA protocol, they will have a unique opportunity to communicate and propose solutions to this neglected aspect of malnutrition in elderly populations.

Detailed Description

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Background. Elderly people often suffer from chronic pathologies and they are given polypharmacy. In nursing homes, the residents take an average number of 6 to 8 active principles / day (Reference Geriatrics ward, Nice University Hospital, France), the equivalent of 10 to 20 medicines / day. But 40 % of the residents have swallowing disorders or cognitive impairment: the nursing staff is obliged to crush tablets and capsules and to give them mixed in a compote, a dairy or a jelly, for instance. Some experts groups (OMEDIT) have published a list of drugs authorized to be crushed, because this practice can modify the pharmacokinetics of certain active principles, and render them inactive or even toxic. However, the gustative aspect of crushed drugs has never been investigated.

Main objective. To identify from the advice of healthy volunteers, on the gustative aspect, which medicine it is acceptable or not recommended to add once crushed or opened in food.

Secondary objective. To search for alternative solutions. Type of study. Phase I study on healthy volunteers. It is a cohort study, with a hedonic, descriptive test in a single group and a single one session, to test the taste of 10 drugs crushed in some jelly and apple compote.

Volunteers participating in the study will be 16 healthy volunteers: 8 professionals of the restaurant, the catering, the food aromas, the nutrition and the dietetics, and 8 doctors, pharmacists, dental surgeons, nurses and/or nurse's aides.

Inclusion criteria: healthy volunteers over 18 years, without allergy known about 10 drugs to be tested. Pregnant women will not be included.

Criteria of evaluation:

1. Quantitative: mark from 0 (bad taste) to 10 (no taste or no unpleasant taste) for the jelly and compote specimens mixed with crushed drugs.
2. Qualitative: description of the perceived aroma (acid, bitter, sweet, salty, astringent, pricking, aromatic).

Brief description of the methodology:

The investigator shall test 10 drugs the most prescribed in the Korian group nursing homes, identified as being able to be crushed or opened. The assay will take place during a single one-morning session in a room specifically dedicated to clinical assays and with the help of a nursing staff trained for clinical assays (Nice University Hospital). Medicine will be crushed in parallel in some jelly and apple compote: 10 single drugs, 1 mixture of 6 drugs and 1 comparator (unmodified plain jelly and compote). Every volunteer will make these 24 tests blind and will fill a scoring sheet. He or she will spit out and have an oral rinse with some water between two tests; the dose susceptible to be ingested will be about 1/500th of a unit dosage. Excepted a risk of allergy, the medical risk is thus unimportant for the tasters. Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Individual duration of the study. One morning. Total duration of the study. One year and half, for the organization of the test and the publication of the results.

Expected fallout

* The fight against senile anorexia and malnutrition, in elderly people who are given polypharmacy, by improving care protocols.
* Proposal of alternative solutions such as pediatric or galenic forms if they exist, other food substrates or new additives which would allow to mask the taste of certain drugs crushed in food.
* Incitement in a policy of reduction of drugs for the elderly.

Conditions

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Healthy

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NON_RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

SINGLE_GROUP

Primary Study Purpose

HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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Plain jelly control

Plain jelly control

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with: Paracetamol

Jelly with:

Paracetamol

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Furosemide

Jelly with Furosemide

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with memantine

Jelly with memantine

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

jelly with zopiclone

Jelly with zopiclone

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

jelly with alprazolam

elly with alprazolam

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

jelly with Oxazepam

Jelly with Oxazepam

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

jelly with donepezil

jelly with donepezil

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with clopidogrel

jelly with clopidogrel

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

jelly with ramipril

jelly with ramipril

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium sa

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Plain apple compote control

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Apple compote Paracetamol

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Apple compote Furosemide

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Apple compote Memantine

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Apple compote Zopiclone

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Apple compote Alprazolam

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Apple compote Oxazepam

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Apple compote Donepezil

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Apple compote Ramipril

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple Paracetamol Furosemide Levothyroxine NACL Memantine Zopi

Apple Paracetamol Furosemide Levothyroxine NACL Memantine Zopiclone Alprazolam

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Jelly with:Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Interventions

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Jelly with:Paracetamol

A single dose of each drug will be opened (Paracetamol capsule) or crushed (tablets) in 100 ml of jelly (intervention 1-10) and in 100 ml of apple compote A mix of 6 drugs will be added to 100 ml of jelly (intervention 11) and in 100 ml of apple compote A negative control will consists in 100 ml of plain jelly or apple compote Each participant will receive 24 small transparent plastic glasses ("verrines") randomly allocated from number 1 to number 24, each verrine containing 5 ml of the initial 100 ml drug preparation. The participant will be blind to the verrine content.

The participant will taste the verrine content with a 1 ml spoon and spit out each spoonful et rinse his or her mouth with plain water (Evian) between two tests.

The participant will score each verrine numbered 1-24 with a mark ranging from 0 to 10 on the results scoring sheet.

Unblinding will take place immediately after the end of the test. Every volunteer will propose alternative solutions.

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Jelly with Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain jelly control

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Paracetamol

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Furosemide

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Levothyroxine sodium salt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Memantine

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Zopiclone

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Oxazepam

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Donepezil

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Clopidogrel

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote Ramipril

Intervention Type OTHER

Apple compote + Paracetamol + Furosemide + Levothyroxine sodium salt + Memantine + Zopiclone + Alprazolam

Intervention Type OTHER

Plain apple compote control

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* healthy volunteers over 18 years.

Exclusion Criteria

* pregnant women. Women in age to borne children will perform a urinary test will just before the assay, under the supervision of the Clinical Research Center nurse.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

70 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Locations

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Center for Clinical Research - Archet 1 Hospital Nice Hospital

Nice, , France

Site Status

Countries

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France

Other Identifiers

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2013-003461-34

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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