ASSIP, Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program. Two Year Follow-Up Study

NCT ID: NCT02505373

Last Updated: 2016-01-14

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

120 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2009-01-31

Study Completion Date

2014-06-30

Brief Summary

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Objective

Attempted suicide is the main risk factor for repeated suicidal behavior. However, evidence of the effectiveness of follow-up treatments for these patients is limited. The authors evaluated the effectiveness of the Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program (ASSIP), a novel brief therapy based on a patient-oriented model of suicidal behavior. The ASSIP consists of three sessions followed by regular letters for 24 months.

Method

In this treatment study, 120 patients were randomly assigned to either the ASSIP intervention or a control group that received a one-session clinical assessment. Both groups received in- and outpatient treatment as usual. Study participants also completed a set of psychosocial and clinical questionnaires every 6 months during a 24-month follow-up period.

Detailed Description

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Background

In the prevention and treatment of suicidality the main emphasis according to the traditional medical model has been on diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, first and foremost depression. However, it is debatable how far this approach toward the suicidal patient can actually affect suicide rates. It has been argued that the mechanisms of suicidal behavior should be studied independently of any associated psychiatric disorder.

Follow-up studies strongly suggest that when a person has attempted suicide, the risk of future suicidal behavior, including death by suicide, cannot be "cured". Once a person has tried to solve an emotional crisis with a suicide attempt, this behavioral pattern will quickly re-emerge in similar situations in the future, not only because a suicide attempt provides a - temporary - solution, but also because very often it associated with an immediate sense of relief. The prevailing view emerging from recent developments in suicide research is that, following attempted suicide, it is crucial to establish individual safety strategies with patients for coping differently in future emotional crises. For as many patients as possible to benefit, treatments targeting suicidality should be brief and focused, and, of course, effective.

ASSIP combines aspects of action theory, cognitive behavior therapy, and attachment theory. A fundamental assumption is that an action theoretical approach toward the suicidal patient will establish a therapeutic alliance in the sense of a "secure base", which will enhance the effect of the regular letters following the four treatment sessions. ASSIP is not a stand-alone therapy but should be offered to suicidal patients in addition to the usual clinical management and follow-up treatment.

Objective

1. How effective is ASSIP, compared to a control group in preventing suicidal behaviour after a suicide attempt?

1. Primary outcome measures: Suicidal behaviour, suicidal ideation
2. Secondary outcome measures: Depression, coping skills, contact to health care system
2. Which parameters have a moderating influence on outcome measures?

1. Therapeutic alliance
2. Diagnosis
3. Previous suicide attempts

Methods

In this treatment study, 120 patients were randomly assigned to either the ASSIP intervention or a control group that received a one-session clinical assessment. Both groups received in- and outpatient treatment as usual. The quality of the therapeutic alliance as a moderating factor for outcome was measured at the therapy sessions 1 (both groups) and 3 (ASSIP group only) using the Helping Alliance Questionnaire (HAq). Regarding outcome measures the study participants completed a set of psychosocial and clinical questionnaires every 6 months during a 24-months follow-up period.

Conditions

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Suicide Attempt Suicide Suicidal Ideation

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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Intervention Group ASSIP

Intervention Group ASSIP (Brief Therapy)

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program (ASSIP)

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

The brief therapy ASSIP consists of three to four sessions, which are ideally administered within a period of 2 to 4 weeks. Therapy sessions are scheduled for 60 to 90 minutes.

Session 1: A narrative interview is conducted, in which the patient is asked to tell his or her personal story which led to the suicidal crisis. The narrative is video-recorded.

Session 2: Using video-playback of the recorded narrative, patient and therapist explore further details of the suicidal process.

Session 3: A case conceptualization focusing on the patient's vulnerability and the trigger of the suicidal crisis is formulated in writing. A list of safety strategies for the prevention of future suicidal behaviour is developed jointly with the patient.

Regular letters are sent to patients over a period of 2 years.

Control Group CG

Control Group CG (structured interview)

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Control Group (CG)

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants assigned to the control group underwent a single clinical interview that included a structured assessment of suicide using the SSF (Jobes, 2006).

Interventions

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Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program (ASSIP)

The brief therapy ASSIP consists of three to four sessions, which are ideally administered within a period of 2 to 4 weeks. Therapy sessions are scheduled for 60 to 90 minutes.

Session 1: A narrative interview is conducted, in which the patient is asked to tell his or her personal story which led to the suicidal crisis. The narrative is video-recorded.

Session 2: Using video-playback of the recorded narrative, patient and therapist explore further details of the suicidal process.

Session 3: A case conceptualization focusing on the patient's vulnerability and the trigger of the suicidal crisis is formulated in writing. A list of safety strategies for the prevention of future suicidal behaviour is developed jointly with the patient.

Regular letters are sent to patients over a period of 2 years.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Control Group (CG)

Participants assigned to the control group underwent a single clinical interview that included a structured assessment of suicide using the SSF (Jobes, 2006).

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Male/female
* Inpatient/outpatient, day care treatment
* German language
* All diagnosis (except: psychosis)
* Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

* Psychosis
* Imprisonment
* Foreign languages
Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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University of Bern

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Konrad Michel, Prof.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern

Anja C Gysin-Maillart, Ph.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern

Locations

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University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern

Bern, Canton of Bern, Switzerland

Site Status

Countries

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Switzerland

References

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Reference Type BACKGROUND

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Beck, A. T. & Steer, R. A. (1991). Manual for the Beck scale for suicide ideation. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.

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Gysin-Maillart, A. & Michel, K. (2013). Kurztherapie nach Suizidversuch. ASSIP-Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program. Therapiemanual. Bern: Huber. ISBN: 9783456852386

Reference Type BACKGROUND

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Reference Type BACKGROUND

Michel, K. & Valach, L. (1997). Suicide as goal-directed action. Archives of Suicide Research, 3, 213-221. http://doi.org/10.1080/13811119708258273

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Michel K, Dey P, Stadler K, Valach L. Therapist sensitivity towards emotional life-career issues and the working alliance with suicide attempters. Arch Suicide Res. 2004;8(3):203-13. doi: 10.1080/13811110490436792.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Michel, K. & Gysin-Maillart, A. (2015). Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program ASSIP. A manual for clinicians. Göttingen: Hogrefe. ISBN: 978-0-88937-476-8

Reference Type BACKGROUND

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Gibbon S, Khalifa NR, Cheung NH, Vollm BA, McCarthy L. Psychological interventions for antisocial personality disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Sep 3;9(9):CD007668. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007668.pub3.

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Park AL, Gysin-Maillart A, Muller TJ, Exadaktylos A, Michel K. Cost-effectiveness of a Brief Structured Intervention Program Aimed at Preventing Repeat Suicide Attempts Among Those Who Previously Attempted Suicide: A Secondary Analysis of the ASSIP Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2018 Oct 5;1(6):e183680. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.3680.

Reference Type DERIVED
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Gysin-Maillart A, Schwab S, Soravia L, Megert M, Michel K. A Novel Brief Therapy for Patients Who Attempt Suicide: A 24-months Follow-Up Randomized Controlled Study of the Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program (ASSIP). PLoS Med. 2016 Mar 1;13(3):e1001968. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001968. eCollection 2016 Mar.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 26930055 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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144/08

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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