"Study of Halitosis in Patients With Advanced Chronic Periodontitis"

NCT ID: NCT02368678

Last Updated: 2015-02-23

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

30 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2013-04-30

Study Completion Date

2014-05-31

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether short-term full mouth disinfection protocol could have a greater reduction in the levels of halitosis and volatile sulfur compound or not, when compared to quadrant-wise scaling and root planing

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

In recent years, several studies have shown that the levels of volatile sulfur compounds are higher in periodontitis patients. However, the relationship between periodontal disease and bad breath is still controversial. Aspects that should be clarified include its relation to periodontitis severity, the influence of risk variables and the subject of the present research, that is treatment choice. To help clinicians and patients when deciding about mechanical periodontal therapy, 30 patients with advanced chronic periodontitis were selected from the periodontics clinic, Dental School, Pontiphical Catholic University of Minas Gerais from April 2013 to May 2014. A complete periodontal clinical examination was performed and the following parameters were recorded: probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing, plaque index, and tongue coating index. Halitosis was assessed by using the organoleptic method and measurements of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC), including hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) by using gas chromatography, at baseline and 90 days after non-surgical periodontal treatment. After periodontal clinical examination, individuals were randomly allocated to full-mouth scaling (FMS) - completed within 24 hours - or to conventional quadrant-wise scaling and root planing (SRP) - completed within 2 months. Halitosis and sulfur gas levels were were statistically compared (Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests, p \< 0.05). For inter- and intra-group comparisons regarding categorical variables Chi-square, McNemar, and Fisher exact tests were used. Primary outcome was halitosis changing.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Periodontal Disease Halitosis Periodontitis

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Caregivers Investigators

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Scaling and Root Planning (SRP)

Scaling and root planing (SRP) (n=15): the traditional mechanical periodontal therapy consisting of quadrant-wise (30 min. per quadrant) scaling and root planning performed at weekly sessions (one or two weeks of interval between session) and completed within 2 months.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Scaling and Root Planning (SRP)

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Scaling and Root Planing (n=15): quadrant-wise scaling and root planing performed within four weekly session (30 min. per quadrant).

Oral malodor was measured by organoleptic test and Oral Chroma (Abilit, Osaka Japan) prior to the oral examination, at Baseline and also at 90 days after treatment. Clinical monitoring and tongue coating index were taken at these same times.

Oral hygiene instructions were given to all participants.

Full Mouth Scaling (FMS)

Full mouth scaling (FMS) (n=15): the alternative mechanical periodontal therapy consisting of full-mouth scaling and root planning completed in a single stage within 24 hours; i.e two sessions (60 min. per session) in two consecutive days.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Full Mouth Scaling (FMS)

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Full Mouth Scaling (n=15): scaling and root planning was performed in a single stage (within 24 hours); two sessions (60 min. per session) in two consecutive days.

Oral malodor was measured by organoleptic test and Oral Chroma (Abilit, Osaka Japan) prior to the oral examination, at Baseline and also at 90 days after treatment. Clinical monitoring and tongue coating index were taken at these same times.

Oral hygiene instructions were given to all participants.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Scaling and Root Planning (SRP)

Scaling and Root Planing (n=15): quadrant-wise scaling and root planing performed within four weekly session (30 min. per quadrant).

Oral malodor was measured by organoleptic test and Oral Chroma (Abilit, Osaka Japan) prior to the oral examination, at Baseline and also at 90 days after treatment. Clinical monitoring and tongue coating index were taken at these same times.

Oral hygiene instructions were given to all participants.

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Full Mouth Scaling (FMS)

Full Mouth Scaling (n=15): scaling and root planning was performed in a single stage (within 24 hours); two sessions (60 min. per session) in two consecutive days.

Oral malodor was measured by organoleptic test and Oral Chroma (Abilit, Osaka Japan) prior to the oral examination, at Baseline and also at 90 days after treatment. Clinical monitoring and tongue coating index were taken at these same times.

Oral hygiene instructions were given to all participants.

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* age between 35 and 60 years
* presence of at least 20 natural teeth
* diagnosis of chronic periodontitis
* halitosis
* no smokers

Exclusion Criteria

* smokers or former smokers
* individuals diagnosed with diabetes and / or immunological disorders
* pregnant or lactating / patients with removable partial dentures and / or fixed or removable orthodontic appliance
* systemic use of antibiotics or anti-inflammatory in the last six months
* need for prophylactic use of antibiotics for performing the treatment
* regular use or use in the last six months of any kind of mouthwash
* individuals who underwent periodontal treatment in the 6 months preceding the start of the study
Minimum Eligible Age

35 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

60 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

Federal University of Minas Gerais

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Juliana Oliveira da Silveira

Juliana Oliveira da Silveira

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Juliana O. da Silveira, Master

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Federal University of Minas Gerais

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Tanaka M, Yamamoto Y, Kuboniwa M, Nonaka A, Nishida N, Maeda K, Kataoka K, Nagata H, Shizukuishi S. Contribution of periodontal pathogens on tongue dorsa analyzed with real-time PCR to oral malodor. Microbes Infect. 2004 Oct;6(12):1078-83. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2004.05.021.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15380777 (View on PubMed)

Tangerman A, Winkel EG. Intra- and extra-oral halitosis: finding of a new form of extra-oral blood-borne halitosis caused by dimethyl sulphide. J Clin Periodontol. 2007 Sep;34(9):748-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2007.01116.x.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 17716310 (View on PubMed)

Tonzetich J, Carpenter PA. Production of volatile sulphur compounds from cysteine, cystine and methionine by human dental plague. Arch Oral Biol. 1971 Jun;16(6):599-607. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(71)90063-x. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 5283484 (View on PubMed)

Bollen CM, Beikler T. Halitosis: the multidisciplinary approach. Int J Oral Sci. 2012 Jun;4(2):55-63. doi: 10.1038/ijos.2012.39.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 22722640 (View on PubMed)

Awano S, Gohara K, Kurihara E, Ansai T, Takehara T. The relationship between the presence of periodontopathogenic bacteria in saliva and halitosis. Int Dent J. 2002 Jun;52 Suppl 3:212-6. doi: 10.1002/j.1875-595x.2002.tb00927.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 12090455 (View on PubMed)

Awano S, Koshimune S, Kurihara E, Gohara K, Sakai A, Soh I, Hamasaki T, Ansai T, Takehara T. The assessment of methyl mercaptan, an important clinical marker for the diagnosis of oral malodor. J Dent. 2004 Sep;32(7):555-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2004.06.001.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 15386861 (View on PubMed)

Bosy A, Kulkarni GV, Rosenberg M, McCulloch CA. Relationship of oral malodor to periodontitis: evidence of independence in discrete subpopulations. J Periodontol. 1994 Jan;65(1):37-46. doi: 10.1902/jop.1994.65.1.37.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 8133414 (View on PubMed)

Bosy A. Oral malodor: philosophical and practical aspects. J Can Dent Assoc. 1997 Mar;63(3):196-201.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 9086681 (View on PubMed)

Bornstein MM, Kislig K, Hoti BB, Seemann R, Lussi A. Prevalence of halitosis in the population of the city of Bern, Switzerland: a study comparing self-reported and clinical data. Eur J Oral Sci. 2009 Jun;117(3):261-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2009.00630.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 19583753 (View on PubMed)

Coil JM, Yaegaki K, Matsuo T, Miyazaki H. Treatment needs (TN) and practical remedies for halitosis. Int Dent J. 2002 Jun;52 Suppl 3:187-91. doi: 10.1002/j.1875-595x.2002.tb00922.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 12090450 (View on PubMed)

De Boever EH, Loesche WJ. Assessing the contribution of anaerobic microflora of the tongue to oral malodor. J Am Dent Assoc. 1995 Oct;126(10):1384-93. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1995.0049.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 7594010 (View on PubMed)

Faveri M, Hayacibara MF, Pupio GC, Cury JA, Tsuzuki CO, Hayacibara RM. A cross-over study on the effect of various therapeutic approaches to morning breath odour. J Clin Periodontol. 2006 Aug;33(8):555-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2006.00955.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 16899098 (View on PubMed)

Figueiredo LC, Rosetti EP, Marcantonio E Jr, Marcantonio RA, Salvador SL. The relationship of oral malodor in patients with or without periodontal disease. J Periodontol. 2002 Nov;73(11):1338-42. doi: 10.1902/jop.2002.73.11.1338.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 12479639 (View on PubMed)

Furne J, Majerus G, Lenton P, Springfield J, Levitt DG, Levitt MD. Comparison of volatile sulfur compound concentrations measured with a sulfide detector vs. gas chromatography. J Dent Res. 2002 Feb;81(2):140-3.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 11827259 (View on PubMed)

Goldberg S, Kozlovsky A, Gordon D, Gelernter I, Sintov A, Rosenberg M. Cadaverine as a putative component of oral malodor. J Dent Res. 1994 Jun;73(6):1168-72. doi: 10.1177/00220345940730060701.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 8046106 (View on PubMed)

Greenman J, Duffield J, Spencer P, Rosenberg M, Corry D, Saad S, Lenton P, Majerus G, Nachnani S, El-Maaytah M. Study on the organoleptic intensity scale for measuring oral malodor. J Dent Res. 2004 Jan;83(1):81-5. doi: 10.1177/154405910408300116.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 14691119 (View on PubMed)

Haas AN, Silveira EM, Rosing CK. Effect of tongue cleansing on morning oral malodour in periodontally healthy individuals. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2007;5(2):89-94.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 17722433 (View on PubMed)

Imai T, Ii H, Yaegaki K, Murata T, Sato T, Kamoda T. Oral malodorous compound inhibits osteoblast proliferation. J Periodontol. 2009 Dec;80(12):2028-34. doi: 10.1902/jop.2009.090208.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 19961386 (View on PubMed)

Quirynen M, Dadamio J, Van den Velde S, De Smit M, Dekeyser C, Van Tornout M, Vandekerckhove B. Characteristics of 2000 patients who visited a halitosis clinic. J Clin Periodontol. 2009 Nov;36(11):970-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01478.x. Epub 2009 Oct 6.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 19811581 (View on PubMed)

Lee CH, Kho HS, Chung SC, Lee SW, Kim YK. The relationship between volatile sulfur compounds and major halitosis-inducing factors. J Periodontol. 2003 Jan;74(1):32-7. doi: 10.1902/jop.2003.74.1.32.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 12593593 (View on PubMed)

Liu XN, Shinada K, Chen XC, Zhang BX, Yaegaki K, Kawaguchi Y. Oral malodor-related parameters in the Chinese general population. J Clin Periodontol. 2006 Jan;33(1):31-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2005.00862.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 16367853 (View on PubMed)

Massler M. Geriatric nutrition: the role of taste and smell in appetite. J Prosthet Dent. 1980 Mar;43(3):247-50. doi: 10.1016/0022-3913(80)90395-9.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 6928191 (View on PubMed)

Miyazaki H, Sakao S, Katoh Y, Takehara T. Correlation between volatile sulphur compounds and certain oral health measurements in the general population. J Periodontol. 1995 Aug;66(8):679-84. doi: 10.1902/jop.1995.66.8.679.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 7473010 (View on PubMed)

Morita M, Wang HL. Relationship between sulcular sulfide level and oral malodor in subjects with periodontal disease. J Periodontol. 2001 Jan;72(1):79-84. doi: 10.1902/jop.2001.72.1.79.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 11210077 (View on PubMed)

Nadanovsky P, Carvalho LB, Ponce de Leon A. Oral malodour and its association with age and sex in a general population in Brazil. Oral Dis. 2007 Jan;13(1):105-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2006.01257.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 17241439 (View on PubMed)

Ng W, Tonzetich J. Effect of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan on the permeability of oral mucosa. J Dent Res. 1984 Jul;63(7):994-7. doi: 10.1177/00220345840630071701.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 6588090 (View on PubMed)

Outhouse TL, Fedorowicz Z, Keenan JV, Al-Alawi R. A Cochrane systematic review finds tongue scrapers have short-term efficacy in controlling halitosis. Gen Dent. 2006 Sep-Oct;54(5):352-9; 360, 367-8; quiz 360.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 17004573 (View on PubMed)

Pedrazzi V, Sato S, de Mattos Mda G, Lara EH, Panzeri H. Tongue-cleaning methods: a comparative clinical trial employing a toothbrush and a tongue scraper. J Periodontol. 2004 Jul;75(7):1009-12. doi: 10.1902/jop.2004.75.7.1009.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 15341360 (View on PubMed)

Persson S, Edlund MB, Claesson R, Carlsson J. The formation of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan by oral bacteria. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 1990 Aug;5(4):195-201. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.1990.tb00645.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 2082242 (View on PubMed)

Pham TA, Ueno M, Zaitsu T, Takehara S, Shinada K, Lam PH, Kawaguchi Y. Clinical trial of oral malodor treatment in patients with periodontal diseases. J Periodontal Res. 2011 Dec;46(6):722-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01395.x. Epub 2011 Jul 18.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 21762407 (View on PubMed)

Quirynen M, Avontroodt P, Soers C, Zhao H, Pauwels M, Coucke W, van Steenberghe D. The efficacy of amine fluoride/stannous fluoride in the suppression of morning breath odour. J Clin Periodontol. 2002 Oct;29(10):944-54. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2002.291010.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 12445227 (View on PubMed)

Ratcliff PA, Johnson PW. The relationship between oral malodor, gingivitis, and periodontitis. A review. J Periodontol. 1999 May;70(5):485-9. doi: 10.1902/jop.1999.70.5.485.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 10368052 (View on PubMed)

Roldan S, Herrera D, O'Connor A, Gonzalez I, Sanz M. A combined therapeutic approach to manage oral halitosis: a 3-month prospective case series. J Periodontol. 2005 Jun;76(6):1025-33. doi: 10.1902/jop.2005.76.6.1025.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 15948701 (View on PubMed)

Rosenberg M, Septon I, Eli I, Bar-Ness R, Gelernter I, Brenner S, Gabbay J. Halitosis measurement by an industrial sulphide monitor. J Periodontol. 1991 Aug;62(8):487-9. doi: 10.1902/jop.1991.62.8.487.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 1920015 (View on PubMed)

Rosenberg M. Clinical assessment of bad breath: current concepts. J Am Dent Assoc. 1996 Apr;127(4):475-82. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1996.0239.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 8655868 (View on PubMed)

Saito H, Kawaguchi Y. Halitosis prevention campaign: a report of oral health promotion activities in Japan. Int Dent J. 2002 Jun;52 Suppl 3:197-200. doi: 10.1002/j.1875-595x.2002.tb00924.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 12090452 (View on PubMed)

Sanz M, Roldan S, Herrera D. Fundamentals of breath malodour. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2001 Nov 15;2(4):1-17.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 12167916 (View on PubMed)

Scully C, Porter S, Greenman J. What to do about halitosis. BMJ. 1994 Jan 22;308(6923):217-8. doi: 10.1136/bmj.308.6923.217. No abstract available.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 8111254 (View on PubMed)

Socransky SS, Haffajee AD. Dental biofilms: difficult therapeutic targets. Periodontol 2000. 2002;28:12-55. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0757.2002.280102.x. No abstract available.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 12013340 (View on PubMed)

Soder B, Johansson B, Soder PO. The relation between foetor ex ore, oral hygiene and periodontal disease. Swed Dent J. 2000;24(3):73-82.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 11061205 (View on PubMed)

Tangerman A, Winkel EG. The portable gas chromatograph OralChroma: a method of choice to detect oral and extra-oral halitosis. J Breath Res. 2008 Mar;2(1):017010. doi: 10.1088/1752-7155/2/1/017010. Epub 2008 Mar 7.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 21386154 (View on PubMed)

Teughels W, Dekeyser C, Van Essche M, Quirynen M. One-stage, full-mouth disinfection: fiction or reality? Periodontol 2000. 2009;50:39-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2008.00292.x. No abstract available.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 19388952 (View on PubMed)

Tonzetich J, Ng SK. Reduction of malodor by oral cleansing procedures. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1976 Aug;42(2):172-81. doi: 10.1016/0030-4220(76)90121-3.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 1066599 (View on PubMed)

Tonzetich J. Production and origin of oral malodor: a review of mechanisms and methods of analysis. J Periodontol. 1977 Jan;48(1):13-20. doi: 10.1902/jop.1977.48.1.13.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 264535 (View on PubMed)

Tsai CC, Chou HH, Wu TL, Yang YH, Ho KY, Wu YM, Ho YP. The levels of volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air from patients with chronic periodontitis. J Periodontal Res. 2008 Apr;43(2):186-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2007.01011.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 18302621 (View on PubMed)

Van Tornout M, Dadamio J, Coucke W, Quirynen M. Tongue coating: related factors. J Clin Periodontol. 2013 Feb;40(2):180-5. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12031. Epub 2012 Dec 20.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 23278504 (View on PubMed)

Yaegaki K, Sanada K. Volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air from clinically healthy subjects and patients with periodontal disease. J Periodontal Res. 1992 Jul;27(4 Pt 1):233-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1992.tb01673.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 1640345 (View on PubMed)

Kostelc JG, Preti G, Zelson PR, Brauner L, Baehni P. Oral odors in early experimental gingivitis. J Periodontal Res. 1984 May;19(3):303-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1984.tb00821.x. No abstract available.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 6235346 (View on PubMed)

Krespi YP, Shrime MG, Kacker A. The relationship between oral malodor and volatile sulfur compound-producing bacteria. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006 Nov;135(5):671-6. doi: 10.1016/j.otohns.2005.09.036.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 17071291 (View on PubMed)

van den Broek AM, Feenstra L, de Baat C. A review of the current literature on aetiology and measurement methods of halitosis. J Dent. 2007 Aug;35(8):627-35. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2007.04.009. Epub 2007 Jun 6.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 17555859 (View on PubMed)

Van der Velden U. The Dutch periodontal screening index validation and its application in The Netherlands. J Clin Periodontol. 2009 Dec;36(12):1018-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01495.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 19929955 (View on PubMed)

Yaegaki K, Coil JM. Examination, classification, and treatment of halitosis; clinical perspectives. J Can Dent Assoc. 2000 May;66(5):257-61.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 10833869 (View on PubMed)

Yaegaki K, Qian W, Murata T, Imai T, Sato T, Tanaka T, Kamoda T. Oral malodorous compound causes apoptosis and genomic DNA damage in human gingival fibroblasts. J Periodontal Res. 2008 Aug;43(4):391-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2007.01052.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 18942188 (View on PubMed)

Winkel EG, Roldan S, Van Winkelhoff AJ, Herrera D, Sanz M. Clinical effects of a new mouthrinse containing chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride and zinc-lactate on oral halitosis. A dual-center, double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Clin Periodontol. 2003 Apr;30(4):300-6. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2003.00342.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 12694427 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

K4gnj9dd

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.