The Cost Effectiveness of Endoscopic Ultrasound ( EUS ) Based Strategy in Diagnosis of Common Bile Duct Stones

NCT ID: NCT02349568

Last Updated: 2015-01-29

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Total Enrollment: 141 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2012-05-31
• Study Completion Date: 2014-12-31

Brief Summary

Multiple reports in the literature showed the efficacy of EUS comparable to ERCP in the diagnosis of common bile duct ( CBD ) stone. The EUS-based strategy has provided the cost effectiveness in diagnosis of CBD stone in defined patient risk groups was showed in previous studies. The aim of our study was to assess the cost effectiveness of EUS based strategy versus ERCP based strategy in diagnosis of CBD stones in patients with intermediate risks for CBD stones in a real working situation in a developing country.

Detailed Description

Background: Multiple reports showed the efficacy of EUS comparable to ERCP in the diagnosis of CBD stone. The EUS-based strategy has provided the cost saving in diagnosis of CBD stone in patients with intermediate risk in previous studies in western population. There were multiple parameters involved the cost effectiveness analysis included cost of ERCP, cost of EUS, prevalence of CBD stones, the sensitivity and specificity of EUS and the rate of complications related to EUS and ERCP. These parameter may vary from center to center and from region to region.

Aims: To assess the cost effectiveness of EUS based strategy versus ERCP based strategy in diagnosis of CBD stones in patients with intermediate risk in a developing country.

Method : A prospective study in 141 patients with suspected CBD stones based on clinical, biochemical and imaging by trans-abdominal ultrasonography or computed abdominal tomography. All patients underwent EUS. All patients with high risk for CBD stone underwent ERCP after the EUS. For patients with intermediate risk for CBD stone, ERCP's were done at the discretion of the attending physicians. For patients with ERCP done, the diagnosis of CBD stone was confirmed by ERCP demonstration of CBD stone. In patients with intermediate risk without ERCP done, clinical follow up to assess biliary symptoms and liver function test as surrogated markers for CBD stone at 3 months interval for one year were done. The false negative rate in patients with EUS and ERCP done in this study was used to estimate the false negative rate in patients in clinical surrogated group.

Definition: High risk of CBD stones was defined when CBD stone was detected by US/CT or dilated duct with abnormal liver function test ( LFT ). Intermediate risk of CBD stones was defined when US/CT showed normal bile duct with abnormal LFT or dilated duct with normal LFT.

Cost analysis :The cost of making diagnosis of CBD stone excluding all costs of treatment was analyzed. The cost of all patients with suspected CBD stones undergoing ERCP was calculated and compared with the strategy of EUS follow by ERCP. The cost was evaluated by (1) mean costs of EUS and ERCP based on the actual cost in our center which included costs of medical staffs, disposable materials, drugs, equipment amortization and maintenance. (2) cost associated with complications induced by the procedure.

Statistical analysis: Test performance of the endoscopic ultrasound in diagnosis of CBD stones was analyzed with two by two tables. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated.

Conditions

Common Bile Duct Calculi

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: COHORT
• Study Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

High risk group

High risk group was defined when CBD stones was detected by ultrasound ( US ) / computed tomography ( CT ) or dilated duct with abnormal LFT.

High risk group

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Patients with high risk underwent EUS examination under conscious sedation. EUS was examined from second part of duodenum up to duodenal bulb. All patients even if negative EUS examination of CBD stone were underwent ERCP in the same session. The ERCPs were performed in standard manner. All patients were contacted by phone on day 1, 3 and 30 after the procedure.

Intermediate risk group

Intermediate risk group was defined when US/CT showed normal bile duct with abnormal LFT or dilated duct with normal LFT.

Intermediate risk group

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Patients with intermediate risk underwent EUS examination under conscious sedation. EUS was examined from second part of duodenum up to duodenal bulb. ERCPs were done at the discretion of the attending physicians. The ERCPs were performed in standard manner. The patients without ERCP done were contacted at 3 months interval to assess symptoms and LFT for 12 months.

Interventions

High risk group

Patients with high risk underwent EUS examination under conscious sedation. EUS was examined from second part of duodenum up to duodenal bulb. All patients even if negative EUS examination of CBD stone were underwent ERCP in the same session. The ERCPs were performed in standard manner. All patients were contacted by phone on day 1, 3 and 30 after the procedure.

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Intermediate risk group

Patients with intermediate risk underwent EUS examination under conscious sedation. EUS was examined from second part of duodenum up to duodenal bulb. ERCPs were done at the discretion of the attending physicians. The ERCPs were performed in standard manner. The patients without ERCP done were contacted at 3 months interval to assess symptoms and LFT for 12 months.

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Other Intervention Names

EUS examination follow by ERCP; EUS examination follow by ERCP or clinical follow up

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• history of biliary pain or recent cholangitis
• acute pancreatitis
• abnormal liver function test
• dilatation of CBD and or CBD stone detected by trans-abdominal ultrasound and or computed tomography.

Exclusion Criteria

• unstable hemodynamics
• severe coagulopathy
• refusal to participate

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Prince of Songkla University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Nisa Netinatsunton

NKC Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Bancha Ovartlarnporn, MD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

NKC Institue of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkla, Thailand.

Locations

NKC Institues of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Prince of Songkla University

Hat Yai, Changwat Songkhla, Thailand

Countries

Thailand

Other Identifiers

EC-55-066-21-1-2

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id