Fluid Balance During Exercise in the Heat With Water, Flavored Placebo, or a Carbohydrate-electrolyte Beverage Intake (The APEX Study)

NCT ID: NCT01893853

Last Updated: 2022-09-15

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

24 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2012-10-31

Study Completion Date

2013-10-31

Brief Summary

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The purpose of the APEX study is to determine whether carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage intake promotes fluid balance during exercise in the heat compared with water or placebo intake.

Detailed Description

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Exercise in the heat has large effects on cardiovascular strain, the ability to regulate core body temperature, and performance because of an increase in the reliance on body fluid distribution to the skin to maintain adequate sweat rates and heat dissipation. Carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage intake during exercise in the heat may improve fluid balance and subsequent physical performance.

The participants will be assigned each arm in a randomized, counterbalanced, cross-over fashion separated by at least 2 weeks. Participants will be placed in a heated environment for the duration of the exercise intervention.

Conditions

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Dehydration

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

TRIPLE

Participants Investigators Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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Water

Electrolyte- and mineral-free water with exercise intervention

Group Type OTHER

Exercise Intervention

Intervention Type OTHER

Exercise intervention trials will consist of a steady-state bout of exercise at \~70% VO2peak and a timed performance test on a cycle ergometer in a heated environment.

Placebo

Calorie- and electrolyte-free, sweetened flavored water with exercise intervention

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Exercise Intervention

Intervention Type OTHER

Exercise intervention trials will consist of a steady-state bout of exercise at \~70% VO2peak and a timed performance test on a cycle ergometer in a heated environment.

Carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage

Commercially-available flavored beverage carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage with Exercise Intervention

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Exercise Intervention

Intervention Type OTHER

Exercise intervention trials will consist of a steady-state bout of exercise at \~70% VO2peak and a timed performance test on a cycle ergometer in a heated environment.

Interventions

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Exercise Intervention

Exercise intervention trials will consist of a steady-state bout of exercise at \~70% VO2peak and a timed performance test on a cycle ergometer in a heated environment.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Males aged 18-35 years
* Healthy (No uncontrolled disease)

Exclusion Criteria

* No medications that influence fluid balance
* No uncontrolled disease
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

35 Years

Eligible Sex

MALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Pennington Biomedical Research Center

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Timothy S Church, MD, MPH, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Pennington Biomedical Research Center

Neil M Johannsen, PhD

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

Louisiana State University-Department of Kinesiology

Ronald B Monce, PA-c

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

Pennington Biomedical Research Center

Locations

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Pennington Biomedical Research Center

Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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Hubbard RW, Sandick BL, Matthew WT, Francesconi RP, Sampson JB, Durkot MJ, Maller O, Engell DB. Voluntary dehydration and alliesthesia for water. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1984 Sep;57(3):868-73. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1984.57.3.868.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Hamilton MT, Gonzalez-Alonso J, Montain SJ, Coyle EF. Fluid replacement and glucose infusion during exercise prevent cardiovascular drift. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1991 Sep;71(3):871-7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1991.71.3.871.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Nose H, Mack GW, Shi XR, Nadel ER. Role of osmolality and plasma volume during rehydration in humans. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1988 Jul;65(1):325-31. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1988.65.1.325.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Nose H, Mack GW, Shi XR, Nadel ER. Involvement of sodium retention hormones during rehydration in humans. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1988 Jul;65(1):332-6. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1988.65.1.332.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Wilk B, Bar-Or O. Effect of drink flavor and NaCL on voluntary drinking and hydration in boys exercising in the heat. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1996 Apr;80(4):1112-7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1996.80.4.1112.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 8926234 (View on PubMed)

Rivera-Brown AM, Gutierrez R, Gutierrez JC, Frontera WR, Bar-Or O. Drink composition, voluntary drinking, and fluid balance in exercising, trained, heat-acclimatized boys. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1999 Jan;86(1):78-84. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1999.86.1.78.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Szlyk PC, Sils IV, Francesconi RP, Hubbard RW, Armstrong LE. Effects of water temperature and flavoring on voluntary dehydration in men. Physiol Behav. 1989 Mar;45(3):639-47. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(89)90085-1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 2756057 (View on PubMed)

Vrijens DM, Rehrer NJ. Sodium-free fluid ingestion decreases plasma sodium during exercise in the heat. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1999 Jun;86(6):1847-51. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1999.86.6.1847.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 10368348 (View on PubMed)

American College of Sports Medicine; Sawka MN, Burke LM, Eichner ER, Maughan RJ, Montain SJ, Stachenfeld NS. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and fluid replacement. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007 Feb;39(2):377-90. doi: 10.1249/mss.0b013e31802ca597.

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PMID: 17277604 (View on PubMed)

Mitchell JW, Nadel ER, Stolwijk JA. Respiratory weight losses during exercise. J Appl Physiol. 1972 Apr;32(4):474-6. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1972.32.4.474. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 5026494 (View on PubMed)

Brisson GR, Boisvert P, Peronnet F, Perrault H, Boisvert D, Lafond JS. A simple and disposable sweat collector. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1991;63(3-4):269-72. doi: 10.1007/BF00233860.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Buono MJ, Jechort A, Marques R, Smith C, Welch J. Comparison of infrared versus contact thermometry for measuring skin temperature during exercise in the heat. Physiol Meas. 2007 Aug;28(8):855-9. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/28/8/008. Epub 2007 Jul 6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Armstrong LE, Maresh CM, Gabaree CV, Hoffman JR, Kavouras SA, Kenefick RW, Castellani JW, Ahlquist LE. Thermal and circulatory responses during exercise: effects of hypohydration, dehydration, and water intake. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1997 Jun;82(6):2028-35. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1997.82.6.2028.

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Temesi J, Johnson NA, Raymond J, Burdon CA, O'Connor HT. Carbohydrate ingestion during endurance exercise improves performance in adults. J Nutr. 2011 May;141(5):890-7. doi: 10.3945/jn.110.137075. Epub 2011 Mar 16.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21411610 (View on PubMed)

Davis JM, Lamb DR, Burgess WA, Bartoli WP. Accumulation of deuterium oxide in body fluids after ingestion of D2O-labeled beverages. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1987 Nov;63(5):2060-6. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1987.63.5.2060.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 3693238 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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PBRC 12038

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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