The Effects of High and Low GI Breakfasts on Cognitive Performance in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
NCT ID: NCT01047813
Last Updated: 2010-01-13
Study Results
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Basic Information
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UNKNOWN
50 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
2009-09-30
2010-09-30
Brief Summary
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Given these findings it is possible that low GI focused dietary interventions designed to improve glycaemic control and health outcomes for diabetic patients could also improve the cognitive function of these patients. This is of particular relevance in light of the evidence associating type 2 diabetes with cognitive decrements (Awad et al., 2004; Stewart and Loilitsa 1999; van Harten et al., 2006). To date two studies with type 2 diabetics have reported that a low GI breakfast was associated with increased verbal memory performance compared to a high GI breakfast (Greenwood et al., 2003; Papanikolaou et al. 2006). Further research should investigate the benefit of low GI foods to cognition.
The aim of this study is to examine the effects of high and low glycaemic index breakfast on cognitive performance in adults with type 2 diabetes. Participants will perform a battery of cognitive tests after consuming 3 different breakfasts (high GI, low GI, and water) on 3 different tests days. The participants will be recruited from the general public and from the Leeds Teaching Hospital diabetes clinic.
This research can benefit the development of specific dietary behaviours aimed at reducing diabetes related cognitive decline. This research is part of a PhD funded by the Economic and Social Research Council and the University of Leeds.
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Detailed Description
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Conditions
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Study Design
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CASE_CONTROL
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Study Groups
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Type 2 diabetes
This group contains 25 participants with type 2 diabetes
No interventions assigned to this group
control group
This group contains 25 participants withput type 2 diabetes. The control group is matched with age, education and lifestyle to the diabetes group.
No interventions assigned to this group
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Type 2 diabetes
* White British or White North American ethnicity and native English speakers
* Not previously received or currently received subcutaneous insulin as part of their diabetes treatment.
* Vision sufficiently good to complete the cognitive testing (using glasses and/or lenses).
Exclusion Criteria
* Current (or recent i.e. in last 6 months) cigarette smoker
* Neurological disorder
* Previous stroke
* Medication other than diabetes treatment medication that has a direct effect on the brain and is likely to influence cognitive function.
18 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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University of Leeds
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Institute of Pscyhological Sciences, University of Leeds
Locations
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Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, UK
Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
Countries
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Central Contacts
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Facility Contacts
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References
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Awad N, Gagnon M, Messier C. The relationship between impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes, and cognitive function. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2004 Nov;26(8):1044-80. doi: 10.1080/13803390490514875.
Benton D, Ruffin MP, Lassel T, Nabb S, Messaoudi M, Vinoy S, Desor D, Lang V. The delivery rate of dietary carbohydrates affects cognitive performance in both rats and humans. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 Feb;166(1):86-90. doi: 10.1007/s00213-002-1334-5. Epub 2002 Dec 12.
Brand-Miller J, Hayne S, Petocz P, Colagiuri S. Low-glycemic index diets in the management of diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Care. 2003 Aug;26(8):2261-7. doi: 10.2337/diacare.26.8.2261.
Greenwood CE, Kaplan RJ, Hebblethwaite S, Jenkins DJ. Carbohydrate-induced memory impairment in adults with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2003 Jul;26(7):1961-6. doi: 10.2337/diacare.26.7.1961.
Ingwersen J, Defeyter MA, Kennedy DO, Wesnes KA, Scholey AB. A low glycaemic index breakfast cereal preferentially prevents children's cognitive performance from declining throughout the morning. Appetite. 2007 Jul;49(1):240-4. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2006.06.009. Epub 2007 Jan 16.
Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, McKeown-Eyssen G, Josse RG, Silverberg J, Booth GL, Vidgen E, Josse AR, Nguyen TH, Corrigan S, Banach MS, Ares S, Mitchell S, Emam A, Augustin LS, Parker TL, Leiter LA. Effect of a low-glycemic index or a high-cereal fiber diet on type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2008 Dec 17;300(23):2742-53. doi: 10.1001/jama.2008.808.
Kaplan RJ, Greenwood CE, Winocur G, Wolever TM. Cognitive performance is associated with glucose regulation in healthy elderly persons and can be enhanced with glucose and dietary carbohydrates. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Sep;72(3):825-36. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/72.3.825.
Papanikolaou Y, Palmer H, Binns MA, Jenkins DJ, Greenwood CE. Better cognitive performance following a low-glycaemic-index compared with a high-glycaemic-index carbohydrate meal in adults with type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2006 May;49(5):855-62. doi: 10.1007/s00125-006-0183-x. Epub 2006 Mar 1.
Smith MA, Foster JK. The impact of a high versus a low glycaemic index breakfast cereal meal on verbal episodic memory in healthy adolescents. Nutr Neurosci. 2008 Oct;11(5):219-27. doi: 10.1179/147683008X344110.
Stewart R, Liolitsa D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, cognitive impairment and dementia. Diabet Med. 1999 Feb;16(2):93-112. doi: 10.1046/j.1464-5491.1999.00027.x.
van Harten B, de Leeuw FE, Weinstein HC, Scheltens P, Biessels GJ. Brain imaging in patients with diabetes: a systematic review. Diabetes Care. 2006 Nov;29(11):2539-48. doi: 10.2337/dc06-1637. No abstract available.
Wong PC, Parsons LM, Martinez M, Diehl RL. The role of the insular cortex in pitch pattern perception: the effect of linguistic contexts. J Neurosci. 2004 Oct 13;24(41):9153-60. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2225-04.2004.
Lamport DJ, Dye L, Mansfield MW, Lawton CL. Acute glycaemic load breakfast manipulations do not attenuate cognitive impairments in adults with type 2 diabetes. Clin Nutr. 2013 Apr;32(2):265-72. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.07.008. Epub 2012 Aug 15.
Other Identifiers
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09/H1305/15
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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