Randomized Investigation of Chest Pain Diagnostic Strategies

NCT ID: NCT01035047

Last Updated: 2018-09-10

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 105 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2010-01-31
• Study Completion Date: 2012-08-31

Brief Summary

Clinical decision units (CDUs) improve resource utilization and are a recommended care option by the American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association, but are underutilized in non-low risk chest pain patients due to weaknesses of traditional cardiac testing. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is sensitive and specific for ischemia, can simultaneously assess cardiac function and myocardial perfusion, and could revolutionize the diagnostic process for intermediate risk patients with chest pain. The primary objective of this trial is to measure the efficiency and safety of a combined CDU-CMR care pathway compared to inpatient care among patients with non-low risk acute chest pain.

Detailed Description

Despite spending $12 billion annually on the emergency evaluation of chest pain in the US, only 15% of admitted patients have a cardiac cause of their presenting symptoms. Clinical decision units (CDUs) improve resource utilization and are a recommended care option by the American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association, but are underutilized in non-low risk chest pain patients due to weaknesses of traditional cardiac testing. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is sensitive and specific for ischemia, can simultaneously assess cardiac function and myocardial perfusion, and could revolutionize the diagnostic process for intermediate risk patients with chest pain. The superior accuracy of CMR could decrease testing and invasive procedures. The high sensitivity for ongoing ischemia could allow imaging in parallel with cardiac markers. As a result, CMR could improve the care of emergency department (ED) patients with intermediate risk chest pain. However, the efficiency and safety of CMR has not been extensively tested in the CDU setting.

Primary Hypothesis: A CDU-CMR strategy will reduce the occurrence of the composite of revascularization, re-hospitalization, and recurrent cardiac testing at 90 days when compared to an inpatient care strategy.

Methods: Participants (n=146) at intermediate risk for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) will be recruited into a clinical trial from Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center (WFUBMC) ED. Participants will be equally randomized to CDU-CMR or inpatient care. CDU-CMR participants will undergo resting and stress CMR imaging in parallel with serial cardiac markers. Inpatient care participants will undergo serial cardiac markers followed by existing cardiac testing as determined by their care providers. The primary outcome is the composite of 90 day revascularization, re-hospitalization, and recurrent cardiac testing. The secondary outcome is index hospitalization length of stay. Safety events include ACS after discharge, mortality, and stress testing-related adverse events.

Conditions

Acute Coronary Syndrome; Chest Pain

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: DIAGNOSTIC
• Blinding Strategy: SINGLE

Study Groups

Inpatient Care

This is the comparison arm. Patients are admitted to the hospital and undergo usual care.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

CDU-CMR Protocol

Patients will be transferred to the clinical decision unit and undergo a stress cardiac MRI evaluation.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Clinical decision unit care, coupled with cardiac MRI

Intervention Type: OTHER

After ED evaluation, patients are randomized to clinical decision unit care or inpatient care. Patients in the clinical decision unit will also undergo a stress cardiac MRI. Patients in the inpatient care arm may undergo any desired testing, including cardiac MRI, as determined by their treating physician.

Interventions

Clinical decision unit care, coupled with cardiac MRI

After ED evaluation, patients are randomized to clinical decision unit care or inpatient care. Patients in the clinical decision unit will also undergo a stress cardiac MRI. Patients in the inpatient care arm may undergo any desired testing, including cardiac MRI, as determined by their treating physician.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Age greater than or equal to 21 years of age at the time of enrollment
• Chest discomfort or other symptoms consistent with possible ACS as indicated by the treating physician after obtaining an ECG and cardiac biomarkers for the patient's evaluation
• Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) risk score >/= 2 or physician impression of intermediate or high likelihood symptoms represent ACS
• Patient requires an inpatient or CDU evaluation for their chest pain
• The treating physician feels the patient could be discharged home if cardiac disease was excluded
• The treating physician feels the patient is safe for CDU care

Pretest probability assessment The assessment of intermediate risk for developing ACS will be based on a TIMI risk score >/= 2 and / or a board certified / board eligible emergency physician clinical impression of intermediate or high likelihood that the symptoms represent ACS. Physicians are encouraged to use the 2007 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines as a framework for this assessment.

Exclusion Criteria

• Elevated cardiac biomarkers
• New ST-segment elevation on any electrocardiogram (>/= 1 mV)
• New ST-segment depression on any electrocardiogram (>/= 2 mV)
• Known inducible cardiac ischemia without subsequent revascularization
• Unable to lie flat
• Symptomatic hypotension at the time of enrollment (systolic < 90 mm Hg)
• Contra-indications to MRI (examples: Pacemaker, defibrillator, cerebral aneurysm clips, metallic ocular foreign body, implanted devices, severe claustrophobia)
• Patient refusal or inability to comply with medical record review and follow up
• Terminal diagnosis with life expectancy less than 3 months
• Currently Pregnant
• Creatinine clearance < 45 ml/min at the time of enrollment or clinical concern for acute kidney injury
• Chronic liver disease with a creatinine clearance of <60 ml/min at the time of enrollment
• Hepato-renal syndrome
• History of liver, heart, or kidney transplant
• Confirmed angioplasty, stent placement, or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) within the last 6 months

• Minimum Eligible Age: 21 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Wake Forest University Health Sciences

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Chadwick Miller, M.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

WFUBMC

Locations

Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center

Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States

Countries

United States

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Other Identifiers

1R21HL097131-01A1

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

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IRB00010410

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id