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Availability of Lipids in Almonds in Healthy Individuals

NCT ID: NCT00768417

Last Updated: 2013-11-18

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

20 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2006-04-30

Study Completion Date

2007-08-31

Brief Summary

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Evidence indicates that almond consumption is associated with multiple health benefits. However, nuts are commonly excluded from diets on the basis that their high energy content may induce weight gain. Evidence from numerous studies show that this is not the case, yet the mechanism responsible for the less than predicted effect on weight is unknown. This study aimed to examine the effects of increased mastication on lipid bioavailability and satiety related peptide released in humans. Its purpose is to provide valuable mechanistic data to support the results from previous completed clinical studies.

Detailed Description

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This cross-over study consisted of three study periods of four consecutive days separated by at least one week. During each day of the three study periods, participants were required to consume 55g of almonds split up into 5 g portions. They were required to chew the almonds 10, 25, or 40 times before swallowing, depending on the treatment. During each treatment period, all participants followed the same procedures over the four days. On day one after an overnight fast, participants reported to the laboratory and were presented with 11, 5 gram portions of almonds to chew 10, 25, or 40 times, depending on treatment arm. The participant remained in the laboratory for 4 hours post-almond consumption for measurements of blood and appetite. For the remainder of the 4 days, participants consumed all meals in the laboratory and collected all stools passed. On a separate occasion, recovered particle sizes of masticated almonds were measured by a mechanical sieving process. Individuals chewed almond samples either 10, 25 or 40 times and expectorated them into sieves.

Conditions

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Obesity Overweight

Keywords

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Nuts Lipids Mastication Bioaccessibility Satiety Hormones Human

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

CASE_CROSSOVER

Study Time Perspective

CROSS_SECTIONAL

Study Groups

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Participants

Participants completed all 3-arms of this cross-over design study.

10 chews

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants were required to chew 55g grams of almonds per day for four days in 11, 5 gram portions. Almonds were to be chewed 10 times before swallowing.

25 Chews

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants were required to chew 55g grams of almonds per day for four days in 11, 5 gram portions. Almonds were to be chewed 25 times before swallowing.

40 Chews

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants were required to chew 55g grams of almonds per day for four days in 11, 5 gram portions. Almonds were to be chewed 40 times before swallowing.

Interventions

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10 chews

Participants were required to chew 55g grams of almonds per day for four days in 11, 5 gram portions. Almonds were to be chewed 10 times before swallowing.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

25 Chews

Participants were required to chew 55g grams of almonds per day for four days in 11, 5 gram portions. Almonds were to be chewed 25 times before swallowing.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

40 Chews

Participants were required to chew 55g grams of almonds per day for four days in 11, 5 gram portions. Almonds were to be chewed 40 times before swallowing.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Other Intervention Names

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Almonds Almonds Almonds

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* 18-50 years of age
* BMI 20-25 kg/m2
* Full set of healthy teeth
* Weight stable (\<3 kg change in past 3 mo)

Exclusion Criteria

* Smoker
* Eating Disorders or high level of restraint
* Endocrine disorders
* Pregnant or lactating
* Allergic to nuts
* Taking medication likely to confound study outcomes (meds affecting appetite)
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

50 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Almond Board of California

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Purdue University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Richard Mattes

Distinguished Professor, Foods and Nutrition

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Richard D Mattes, MPH, PhD, RD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Purdue University

Bridget A Cassady, B.S.

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Purdue University

Locations

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Purdue University, Laboratory forSensory and Ingestive Studies

West Lafayette, Indiana, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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Cassady BA, Hollis JH, Fulford AD, Considine RV, Mattes RD. Mastication of almonds: effects of lipid bioaccessibility, appetite, and hormone response. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Mar;89(3):794-800. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26669. Epub 2009 Jan 14.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 19144727 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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0511003189

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id