Amifostine to Protect the Rectum During External Beam Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer

NCT ID: NCT00040365

Last Updated: 2012-04-30

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE2
• Total Enrollment: 30 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2002-06-30
• Study Completion Date: 2011-06-30

Brief Summary

This study will evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a drug called amifostine in reducing the bowel side effects of radiation treatment for prostate cancer. Amifostine is a 'radioprotector' medicine that to protects normal tissue from radiation damage. This study will determine whether placing amifostine in the rectum during radiation treatment for prostate cancer can decrease common side effects of treatment, including diarrhea, painful bowel movements, bleeding, and gas.

Patients 18 years of age or older with prostate cancer may be eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with a medical history and physical examination, blood tests, bone scan if a recent one is not available, and possibly computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the pelvis. They will also have a liquid retention test, in which they are given an enema of 4 tablespoons of salt water that they must retain for 20 minutes.

Participants will receive standard radiation therapy for prostate cancer-5 consecutive days for 8 weeks-in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Radiation Oncology Clinic. Amifostine will be placed in the rectum by a mini-enema before each radiation treatment so that it covers the lining of the rectum. To determine the side effects of the treatment, patients will undergo a proctoscopic examination before beginning radiation therapy, two times during therapy, and at each follow-up visit for 5 years after treatment ends. This examination involves inserting a proctoscope (a thin flexible tube with a light at the end) into the rectum and taking pictures.

Patients will be followed in the clinic at visits scheduled 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months after treatment for a physical examination and routine blood tests, proctoscopic examination, and review of bowel symptoms.

Detailed Description

Normal tissue tolerance of the rectum limits the dose of radiation that can be delivered to the prostate for curative treatment of prostate cancer. Amifostine is a radioprotector, an agent that reduces tissue damage incurred by ionizing radiation. It has been well studied in humans and is approved for intravenous use. Rectal administration results in a preferential accumulation of Amifostine in the rectal mucosa, and neither free parent compound nor free active metabolite have been detected in systemic circulation. This trial proposes to observe the rate of early and late bowel toxicity in a group of patients with prostate cancer receiving standard high dose, 3D conformal external beam radiotherapy and concurrent intra-rectal applications of Amifostine. Primary measures of rectal toxicity (RTOG radiation morbidity scoring) will also be compared with self-assessment measures of quality of life, and rectal radiation dose as assessed by dose-volume histograms.

Conditions

Prostatic Neoplasms

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NON_RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: SUPPORTIVE_CARE
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Amifostine

1000 mg for the first 18 patients. 2000 mg for the last 12 patients. The syringe of amifostine will be connected to a rectal enema bottle for administration. Administered slowly over 30-60 seconds with the patient in recumbent position 30-45 minutes prior to each radiation treatment (33-39 doses).

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Amifostine trihydrate

Intervention Type: DRUG

1000 mg for the first 18 patients. 2000 mg for the last 12 patients. The syringe of amifostine will be connected to a rectal enema bottle for administration. Administered slowly over 30-60 seconds with the patient in recumbent position 30-45 minutes prior to each radiation treatment (33-39 doses).

Radiation therapy

Intervention Type: RADIATION

The treatment will be delivered in at least two phases. The first field reduction will occur after 46Gy and the second field reduction will occur after 70Gy.

Interventions

Amifostine trihydrate

1000 mg for the first 18 patients. 2000 mg for the last 12 patients. The syringe of amifostine will be connected to a rectal enema bottle for administration. Administered slowly over 30-60 seconds with the patient in recumbent position 30-45 minutes prior to each radiation treatment (33-39 doses).

Intervention Type: DRUG

Radiation therapy

The treatment will be delivered in at least two phases. The first field reduction will occur after 46Gy and the second field reduction will occur after 70Gy.

Intervention Type: RADIATION

Other Intervention Names

Ethyol; radiotherapy; irradiation; x-ray therapy

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Pathologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland.

Age greater than or equal to 18 years.

Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1.

Informed consent: All patients must sign a document of informed consent indicating their understanding of the investigational nature and risks of the study before any protocol related studies are performed (this does not include routine laboratory tests or imaging studies required to establish eligibility).

Exclusion Criteria

Other active malignancy (except for non-melanoma skin cancer).

Patient with a prior history of pelvic or prostate radiotherapy.

Patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

Patients with distant metastatic disease.

Cognitively impaired patients who cannot give informed consent.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positivity.

Other medical conditions deemed by the principal investigator (PI) or associates to make the patient ineligible for high dose radiotherapy.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: MALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

NIH

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

National Institutes of Health

Principal Investigators

Kevin A camphausen, M.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Locations

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike

Bethesda, Maryland, United States

Countries

United States

References

Greenlee RT, Hill-Harmon MB, Murray T, Thun M. Cancer statistics, 2001. CA Cancer J Clin. 2001 Jan-Feb;51(1):15-36. doi: 10.3322/canjclin.51.1.15.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 11577478 (View on PubMed)

Fuks Z, Leibel SA, Wallner KE, Begg CB, Fair WR, Anderson LL, Hilaris BS, Whitmore WF. The effect of local control on metastatic dissemination in carcinoma of the prostate: long-term results in patients treated with 125I implantation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1991 Aug;21(3):537-47. doi: 10.1016/0360-3016(91)90668-t.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 1869452 (View on PubMed)

Pollack A, Smith LG, von Eschenbach AC. External beam radiotherapy dose response characteristics of 1127 men with prostate cancer treated in the PSA era. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000 Sep 1;48(2):507-12. doi: 10.1016/s0360-3016(00)00620-9.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 10974469 (View on PubMed)

Simone NL, Menard C, Soule BP, Albert PS, Guion P, Smith S, Godette D, Crouse NS, Sciuto LC, Cooley-Zgela T, Camphausen K, Coleman CN, Singh AK. Intrarectal amifostine during external beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer produces significant improvements in Quality of Life measured by EPIC score. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008 Jan 1;70(1):90-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.05.057. Epub 2007 Sep 12.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 17855015 (View on PubMed)

Simone, NL; Soule, BP; Ménard, C; Albert, P; Guion, P; Smith, S; Godette, D; Coleman, CN; Singh, AK. Assessing Rectal Toxicity in a Pilot Study using Intrarectal Amifostine and Concurrent Radiation. 42nd annual meeting of the American society of clinical oncology, Atlanta, GA, June 2006.

Reference Type: RESULT

Menard C, Camphausen K, Muanza T, Sears-Crouse N, Smith S, Ben-Josef E, Coleman CN. Clinical trial of endorectal amifostine for radioprotection in patients with prostate cancer: rationale and early results. Semin Oncol. 2003 Dec;30(6 Suppl 18):63-7. doi: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2003.11.016.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 14727242 (View on PubMed)

Singh AK, Menard C, Guion P, Simone NL, Smith S, Crouse NS, Godette DJ, Cooley-Zgela T, Sciuto LC, Coleman J, Pinto P, Albert PS, Camphausen K, Coleman CN. Intrarectal amifostine suspension may protect against acute proctitis during radiation therapy for prostate cancer: a pilot study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006 Jul 15;65(4):1008-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.02.030. Epub 2006 May 26.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 16730138 (View on PubMed)

Simone NL, Ménard C, Singh AK, Guion P, Smith S, Crouse NS, Godette D, Cooley-Zgela T, Sciuto LC, Coleman J, Pinto, P, Albert PS, Camphausen K, Coleman CN. Intrarectal amifostine suspension may protect against acute proctitis during radiation therapy for prostate cancer: oral presentation at 91st scientific assembly and annual meeting of the radiological society of North America, Chicago, IL, 2005.

Reference Type: RESULT

Muanza TM, Albert PS, Smith S, Godette D, Crouse NS, Cooley-Zgela T, Sciuto L, Camphausen K, Coleman CN, Menard C. Comparing measures of acute bowel toxicity in patients with prostate cancer treated with external beam radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Aug 1;62(5):1316-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.12.083.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 16029787 (View on PubMed)

Related Links

http://clinicalstudies.info.nih.gov/cgi/detail.cgi?B_2002-C-0215.html

NIH Clinical Center Detailed Web Page

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/

Medline Plus

http://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/drugportal.jsp

Drug Information

Other Identifiers

02-C-0215

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: secondary_id

020215

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

NCT00045253

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: nct_alias