Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Children With Astrocytomas and Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE2

Total Enrollment

4 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

1989-02-28

Study Completion Date

2008-01-31

Brief Summary

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RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining more than one drug may kill more tumor cells.

PURPOSE: Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of methotrexate, mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone in treating children with astrocytomas or primitive neuroectodermal tumors.

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Detailed Description

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OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the efficacy of high-dose methotrexate (HMTX) in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, prednisone, and procarbazine (MOPP) in infants or young children with primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) (including medulloblastoma, anaplastic ependymoma, ependymoblastoma, or pineoblastoma) or high-grade astrocytoma. II. Determine whether the addition of HMTX to MOPP (MMOPP) improves the continuous complete response rate of MOPP alone and eliminates the need for salvage with radiotherapy in these patients. III. Determine the ability of MMOPP to provide neuroaxis prophylaxis or to treat spinal metastasis without radiotherapy in infants or young children with PNET. IV. Determine the toxicity of this regimen in terms of neurologic and neuropsychologic sequelae, growth, and development in these patients. V. Correlate the efficacy of this regimen with the histopathologic diagnosis of these patients. VI. Determine the optimum method for radiographic evaluation of spinal cord disease in patients with PNET. VII. Determine the utility of sequential spinal cord radiography as a means of monitoring PNET in these patients.

OUTLINE: Patients undergo maximum tumor debulking. Patients who have undergone incomplete resection proceed to induction. Patients with a primary diagnosis of primitive neuroectodermal and pineal tumors or glioblastoma multiforme who have undergone total resection proceed to induction. Induction: Patients receive high dose methotrexate (HMTX) IV over 6 hours on day 1. Beginning 3 hours after completion of HMTX infusion, leucovorin calcium (CF) is administered IV over 30 minutes every 3 hours for 9 doses. Beginning 3 hours after completion of the last CF infusion, oral CF is administered every 6 hours for 8 doses. Patients receive a second HMTX infusion beginning 1 week after completion of the first HMTX infusion. Beginning 1 week after completion of the second HMTX infusion, patients receive mechlorethamine IV and vincristine IV on days 1 and 8, oral procarbazine and oral prednisone on days 1-10, and tapered doses of prednisone on days 11-13 (MOPP). Maintenance: Beginning 4 weeks after initiating the first course of MOPP, patients receive HMTX on day 1 and MOPP beginning on day 4. Treatment continues every 31 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After 1 year or 14 doses of HMTX, whichever occurs first, HMTX is discontinued and treatment with MOPP alone continues every 4 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Treatment is discontinued after 2 years if the patient is in continuous complete remission.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 5-25 patients will be accrued for this study within 24-30 months.

Conditions

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Brain and Central Nervous System Tumors

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NA

Intervention Model

SINGLE_GROUP

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Combination Chemotherapy

Methotrexate, Mechlorethamine, Vincristine, Prednisone, and Procarbazine

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

MOPP Regimen

Intervention Type DRUG

Methotrexate, Mechlorethamine, Vincristine, Prednisone, and Procarbazine (MMOPP)

Leucovorin Calcium

Intervention Type DRUG

Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride

Intervention Type DRUG

Methotrexate

Intervention Type DRUG

Prednisone

Intervention Type DRUG

Procarbazine Hydrochloride

Intervention Type DRUG

Vincristine Sulfate

Intervention Type DRUG

Conventional Surgery

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Interventions

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MOPP Regimen

Methotrexate, Mechlorethamine, Vincristine, Prednisone, and Procarbazine (MMOPP)

Intervention Type DRUG

Leucovorin Calcium

Intervention Type DRUG

Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride

Intervention Type DRUG

Methotrexate

Intervention Type DRUG

Prednisone

Intervention Type DRUG

Procarbazine Hydrochloride

Intervention Type DRUG

Vincristine Sulfate

Intervention Type DRUG

Conventional Surgery

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: Histologically proven previously untreated (except surgically) primitive neuroectodermal tumors (including medulloblastoma, anaplastic ependymoma, ependymoblastoma, or pineoblastoma) or high-grade astrocytomas Low-grade astrocytomas or optic tract tumors that are incompletely resected and have a progressive course not amenable to further surgery may also be allowed Evaluable disease by MRI, CT scan, or CT myelography

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS: Age: Under 4 years Performance status: Not specified Life expectancy: At least 12 weeks Hematopoietic: Absolute granulocyte count greater than 1,500/mm3 WBC greater than 4,000/mm3 Platelet count greater than 100,000/mm3 Hepatic: Bilirubin less than 1.5 mg/dL SGPT less than 90 IU/dL Renal: Creatinine clearance greater than 80 mL/min

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY: Biologic therapy: No concurrent immunotherapy Chemotherapy: No prior mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) No prior high-dose methotrexate No other concurrent chemotherapy Endocrine therapy: Not specified Radiotherapy: No concurrent radiotherapy Surgery: See Disease Characteristics Other: Recovered from acute toxic effects of any prior therapy Must be on a tyramine-free diet during procarbazine administration

Maximum Eligible Age

3 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No