Effect of a Dietary Supplement on Hormones Involved in Appetite Regulation in Overweight and Obese Adults

NCT ID: NCT07240246

Last Updated: 2025-11-20

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

40 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-10-24

Study Completion Date

2026-03-11

Brief Summary

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Obesity is a chronic condition linked to numerous health risks and affects more than one billion people worldwide. While pharmacological treatments such as incretin-based therapies are available, they may have side effects, are not suitable for all patients, and adherence can be limited. Dietary supplements that influence appetite and satiety may represent an alternative or complementary approach.

This study will evaluate whether a dietary supplement containing plant extracts stimulates the intestinal incretin response. The primary focus is the effect on glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion. Secondary outcomes include dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), and insulin, as well as measures of appetite, satiety, food intake, and anthropometrics.

The trial is designed as a 12-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled parallel-group study in adults with overweight or obesity (BMI 25-40, age 18-50). Participants will receive either the dietary supplement or placebo. Blood samples will be collected at baseline and after 12 weeks, both fasting and following capsule intake and a standardized liquid meal. Anthropometric measurements and visual analog scales (VAS) for hunger and satiety will also be assessed.

Detailed Description

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Obesity is a chronic disease associated with a wide range of adverse health outcomes, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and other metabolic disorders. The global rise in obesity is driven in part by sedentary lifestyles and the widespread availability of calorie-dense foods. According to the World Health Organization, over one billion people worldwide are affected by obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²), with even more classified as overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²). This trend poses significant challenges not only to individual health but also to public health systems due to the high costs of treating obesity-related complications.

Lifestyle modification remains the cornerstone of effective weight management. For individuals with overweight but without comorbidities, the primary goal is to prevent further weight gain through increased physical activity and dietary adjustments. Evidence suggests that even modest weight loss of 5-10% can lead to clinically meaningful improvements in cardiovascular risk factors.

In this context, dietary supplements that support appetite regulation and satiety enhancement are of growing interest. Several plant extracts-including bitter melon, yerba mate, green tea, turmeric, and others-have shown potential to stimulate the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a gut hormone involved in satiety signaling, appetite suppression, and insulin secretion.

GLP-1 is secreted by intestinal L-cells in response to food intake and acts via GLP-1 receptors. However, native GLP-1 has a short half-life of approximately two minutes due to rapid degradation by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). Therefore, strategies that stimulate GLP-1 secretion or inhibit DPP-4 activity may enhance satiety and support weight control. While promising, current evidence is largely limited to in vitro and animal studies, and human data are lacking.

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial aims to investigate the effects of a commercially available dietary supplement (FitLine TopShape) on GLP-1 secretion and related metabolic parameters. The supplement contains extracts from purslane, bitter melon, dandelion, mulberry, yerba mate, and green coffee beans. Preliminary user data from an observational study (n=40) suggest that daily intake of the supplement may increase satiety and promote weight loss (mean reduction: -1.32 kg over four weeks; unpublished). In vitro assays indicate that the bioactive compounds may reduce DPP-4 activity and increase GLP-1 secretion (unpublished).

The primary objective of this study is to assess the effect of the supplement on GLP-1 secretion. Secondary outcomes include changes in DPP-4 activity, gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), insulin, and C-peptide levels. Subjective measures of satiety, appetite, and food intake will be collected via validated questionnaires. Anthropometric data (weight, height, waist and hip circumference) will be recorded at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention.

Participants (BMI 25-40 kg/m², age 18-50 years) will be randomized 1:1 to receive either the dietary supplement or placebo for 12 weeks. Blood samples will be collected in fasting state and at multiple time points post-ingestion of the capsule and a standardized liquid meal. The study will evaluate both acute hormonal responses and long-term effects on weight control.

Conditions

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GLP-1 Obesity &Amp; Overweight Dietary Supplement

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

The study is designed as a 3-month parallel, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial involving adults who are overweight or obese (BMI 25-40; age 18-50 years). Participants will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to two arms: (1) placebo and (2) intervention group.
Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

QUADRUPLE

Participants Caregivers Investigators Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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Dietary Supplement

Participants receive a dietary supplement: Capsule preparation containing hypromellose, calcium phosphate, inulin, yeast extract (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), bitter melon extract, green coffee bean extract, white mulberry extract, purslane extract, peppermint leaf extract, dandelion extract, green mate extract, zinc gluconate, ginger extract, biotin and yellow iron oxide (E172 - capsule colouring)

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Intervention: Dietary Supplement with Plant Extracts

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Capsule containing a blend of plant extracts, administered twice daily three capsules (total six capsules), 30-60 minutes before main meals, for 12 weeks.

Placebo

Participants receive a capsule preparation containing hypromellose, calcium phosphate, inulin and yellow iron oxide (E172 - capsule colouring agent)

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo

Intervention Type OTHER

Matching capsule without active plant extracts, administered twice daily three capsules (in total six), 30-60 minutes before main meals, for 12 weeks.

Interventions

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Intervention: Dietary Supplement with Plant Extracts

Capsule containing a blend of plant extracts, administered twice daily three capsules (total six capsules), 30-60 minutes before main meals, for 12 weeks.

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Placebo

Matching capsule without active plant extracts, administered twice daily three capsules (in total six), 30-60 minutes before main meals, for 12 weeks.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Signing the consent form
* BMI 25-40 kg/m²
* Age 18-50 years

Exclusion Criteria

* Known allergy to ingredients in the administered substances
* Type 1 or 2 diabetes
* Pregnancy
* Breastfeeding mothers
* Acute infectious disease
* Renal insufficiency
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

50 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Salzburger Universitätsklinkum

UNKNOWN

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

FFoQSI - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Daniel Weghuber, Prim. Univ. Prof. Dr.

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Salzburger Universitätsklinikum

Locations

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Salzburger Universitätsklinikum

Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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Austria

Central Contacts

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Verena Preinfalk, Dr.

Role: CONTACT

+435080444475

Alice König, Dr.

Role: CONTACT

+435080448852

Facility Contacts

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Daniel Weghuber, Prim. Univ. Prof. Dr.

Role: primary

+435725526100

References

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Stenlid R, Manell H, Halldin M, Kullberg J, Ahlstrom H, Manukyan L, Weghuber D, Paulmichl K, Zsoldos F, Bergsten P, Forslund A. High DPP-4 Concentrations in Adolescents Are Associated With Low Intact GLP-1. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Aug 1;103(8):2958-2966. doi: 10.1210/jc.2018-00194.

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Planes-Munoz D , Lopez-Nicolas R , Gonzalez-Bermudez CA , Ros-Berruezo G , Frontela-Saseta C . In vitro effect of green tea and turmeric extracts on GLP-1 and CCK secretion: the effect of gastrointestinal digestion. Food Funct. 2018 Oct 17;9(10):5245-5250. doi: 10.1039/c8fo01334a.

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Cooper-Leavitt ET, Shin MJ, Beus CG, Chiu AT, Parker G, Radford JH, Evans EP, Edwards IT, Arroyo JA, Reynolds PR, Bikman BT. The Incretin Effect of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) Is Partially Dependent on Gut-Mediated Metabolism of Ferulic Acid. Nutrients. 2025 Feb 9;17(4):625. doi: 10.3390/nu17040625.

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Other Identifiers

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1098/2025

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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