The Combined Effect of the Mediterranean Diet and Intermittent Fasting on Hypertension

NCT ID: NCT07189637

Last Updated: 2025-09-24

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

48 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-11-01

Study Completion Date

2026-07-01

Brief Summary

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Hypertension (HT) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and death. Approximately 16.9 million people in Turkey have HT. Nutritional habits play an important role in the development of HT. DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) and the Mediterranean diet (MD) have been found to be effective in lowering blood pressure and reducing cardiometabolic risks. The DASH diet stands out with its low sodium, saturated fat, simple sugar and cholesterol content, while it is rich in fiber, potassium, magnesium and anti-inflammatory components. The MD is based on healthy foods such as olive oil, vegetables, fruits, fish and nuts, and contains antioxidants and healthy fatty acids. This study will investigate whether the sodium-restricted MD can offer a model comparable to DASH. In addition, the effects of the intermittent fasting diet (IFD) model alone and in combination with the MD on blood pressure will be examined. It has been observed that IFD reduces blood pressure by reducing energy intake and acting on the autonomic nervous system. The aim of this project is to evaluate the effects of MD, IFD and both of them on hypertension and to present a new and original approach in this field.

Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Hypertension

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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Group A (control)

Participants will only receive face-to-face nutrition education.

Group Type OTHER

Face-to-face nutrition education

Intervention Type OTHER

All participants will receive face-to-face nutrition education from specialist dietitians in accordance with the principles of nutrition for hypertension. Nutrition education will be provided through prepared brochures. The brochures will be given to participants as gifts. Nutrition education will cover topics such as hypertension and nutrition, nutrients, the importance of micronutrients, foods containing salt, reading labels, limiting salt consumption, healthy fat consumption, fibre consumption, water consumption, and healthy cooking methods.

Group B (Intermittent Fasting Diet Group)

Participants will receive face-to-face nutrition education and Intermittent Fasting Diet. Additionally, a brochure package containing information about Intermittent Fasting Diet models will be prepared by a dietitian and distributed to participants by the same dietitian along with the training.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Face-to-face nutrition education

Intervention Type OTHER

All participants will receive face-to-face nutrition education from specialist dietitians in accordance with the principles of nutrition for hypertension. Nutrition education will be provided through prepared brochures. The brochures will be given to participants as gifts. Nutrition education will cover topics such as hypertension and nutrition, nutrients, the importance of micronutrients, foods containing salt, reading labels, limiting salt consumption, healthy fat consumption, fibre consumption, water consumption, and healthy cooking methods.

Intermittent Fasting Diet

Intervention Type OTHER

Training will be provided to all participants through a food and nutrition photo catalogue so that portions can be recorded correctly and within standard limits when keeping a food diary. Participants will restrict their food intake to a 16-hour period by applying the 16/8 Intermittent Fasting Diet model and will eat and drink whatever they want during the remaining 8 hours. During this 16-hour period, they will consume non-energy drinks consisting of water, unsweetened tea, unsweetened herbal teas and black coffee. It will be recommended that intermittent fasting be maintained from 6:00 p.m. to 10:00 a.m. However, participants may also choose other 16-hour periods, such as 7:00 p.m. to 11:00 a.m. or 8:00 p.m. to 12:00 p.m. Participants will be given a tracking chart to record the first and last times they consume food or energy-containing beverages during the day, and their adherence to the diet will be monitored based on their declarations.

Group C (Mediterranean Diet Group)

Participants will receive face-to-face nutrition education and Mediterranean Diet. Additionally, a brochure package containing information about Mediterranean Diet models will be prepared by a dietitian and distributed to participants by the same dietitian along with the training.

Three separate packages compliant with the Mediterranean Diet will be given at the start of the study, 2nd week and 4th week.

Package 1: 250 mL natural extra virgin olive oil, 150 g walnuts, 1 avocado, 250 g black raisins, 1 L semi-skimmed UHT cow's milk, 1 kg green lentils and 1 garlic clove Package 2: 250 mL of natural extra virgin olive oil, 200 g of raw hazelnuts, 150-200 g of unsalted black olives, 140 g of dried apricots, 1 L of semi-skimmed UHT cow's milk, 1 kg of dried beans, and 700 g of unsalted tomato paste Package 3: 250 mL extra virgin olive oil, 180 g unsalted pumpkin seeds, 1 kg apples, 1 L semi-skimmed UHT cow's milk, 500 g whole wheat pasta and 500 g red lentils

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Face-to-face nutrition education

Intervention Type OTHER

All participants will receive face-to-face nutrition education from specialist dietitians in accordance with the principles of nutrition for hypertension. Nutrition education will be provided through prepared brochures. The brochures will be given to participants as gifts. Nutrition education will cover topics such as hypertension and nutrition, nutrients, the importance of micronutrients, foods containing salt, reading labels, limiting salt consumption, healthy fat consumption, fibre consumption, water consumption, and healthy cooking methods.

Mediterranean Diet

Intervention Type OTHER

Training will be provided to all participants through a food and nutrition photo catalogue to ensure that portions are recorded correctly and within standard limits when keeping a food diary. In addition, the dietician will provide this group with a diet plan calculated for energy, macro and micro nutrients, which will be different each week for the first four follow-ups. The diet plans provided will be prepared in accordance with the Mediterranean Diet food pyramid. Participants' energy requirements will be calculated using the Schofield Equation for basal metabolic rate, with adjustments made according to their physical activity levels. Energy requirements will be met by 45-50% from carbohydrates, 15-20% from protein, and 25-35% from fats.

Group D (the Combination of Intermittent Fasting Diet and Mediterranean Diet)

Participants will receive face-to-face nutrition education and the combination of IFD and MD. Additionally, a brochure package containing information about IFD and MD models will be prepared by a dietitian and distributed to participants by the same dietitian along with the training.

Three separate packages compliant with the MD will be given at the start of the study, 2nd week and 4th week.

Pkg. 1: 250 mL natural extra virgin olive oil, 150 g walnuts, 1 avocado, 250 g black raisins, 1 L semi-skimmed UHT cow's milk, 1 kg green lentils and 1 garlic clove Pkg. 2: 250 mL of natural extra virgin olive oil, 200 g of raw hazelnuts, 150-200 g of unsalted black olives, 140 g of dried apricots, 1 L of semi-skimmed UHT cow's milk, 1 kg of dried beans, and 700 g of unsalted tomato paste Pkg. 3: 250 mL extra virgin olive oil, 180 g unsalted pumpkin seeds, 1 kg apples, 1 L semi-skimmed UHT cow's milk, 500 g whole wheat pasta and 500 g red lentils

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Face-to-face nutrition education

Intervention Type OTHER

All participants will receive face-to-face nutrition education from specialist dietitians in accordance with the principles of nutrition for hypertension. Nutrition education will be provided through prepared brochures. The brochures will be given to participants as gifts. Nutrition education will cover topics such as hypertension and nutrition, nutrients, the importance of micronutrients, foods containing salt, reading labels, limiting salt consumption, healthy fat consumption, fibre consumption, water consumption, and healthy cooking methods.

Intermittent Fasting Diet

Intervention Type OTHER

Training will be provided to all participants through a food and nutrition photo catalogue so that portions can be recorded correctly and within standard limits when keeping a food diary. Participants will restrict their food intake to a 16-hour period by applying the 16/8 Intermittent Fasting Diet model and will eat and drink whatever they want during the remaining 8 hours. During this 16-hour period, they will consume non-energy drinks consisting of water, unsweetened tea, unsweetened herbal teas and black coffee. It will be recommended that intermittent fasting be maintained from 6:00 p.m. to 10:00 a.m. However, participants may also choose other 16-hour periods, such as 7:00 p.m. to 11:00 a.m. or 8:00 p.m. to 12:00 p.m. Participants will be given a tracking chart to record the first and last times they consume food or energy-containing beverages during the day, and their adherence to the diet will be monitored based on their declarations.

Mediterranean Diet

Intervention Type OTHER

Training will be provided to all participants through a food and nutrition photo catalogue to ensure that portions are recorded correctly and within standard limits when keeping a food diary. In addition, the dietician will provide this group with a diet plan calculated for energy, macro and micro nutrients, which will be different each week for the first four follow-ups. The diet plans provided will be prepared in accordance with the Mediterranean Diet food pyramid. Participants' energy requirements will be calculated using the Schofield Equation for basal metabolic rate, with adjustments made according to their physical activity levels. Energy requirements will be met by 45-50% from carbohydrates, 15-20% from protein, and 25-35% from fats.

Interventions

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Face-to-face nutrition education

All participants will receive face-to-face nutrition education from specialist dietitians in accordance with the principles of nutrition for hypertension. Nutrition education will be provided through prepared brochures. The brochures will be given to participants as gifts. Nutrition education will cover topics such as hypertension and nutrition, nutrients, the importance of micronutrients, foods containing salt, reading labels, limiting salt consumption, healthy fat consumption, fibre consumption, water consumption, and healthy cooking methods.

Intervention Type OTHER

Intermittent Fasting Diet

Training will be provided to all participants through a food and nutrition photo catalogue so that portions can be recorded correctly and within standard limits when keeping a food diary. Participants will restrict their food intake to a 16-hour period by applying the 16/8 Intermittent Fasting Diet model and will eat and drink whatever they want during the remaining 8 hours. During this 16-hour period, they will consume non-energy drinks consisting of water, unsweetened tea, unsweetened herbal teas and black coffee. It will be recommended that intermittent fasting be maintained from 6:00 p.m. to 10:00 a.m. However, participants may also choose other 16-hour periods, such as 7:00 p.m. to 11:00 a.m. or 8:00 p.m. to 12:00 p.m. Participants will be given a tracking chart to record the first and last times they consume food or energy-containing beverages during the day, and their adherence to the diet will be monitored based on their declarations.

Intervention Type OTHER

Mediterranean Diet

Training will be provided to all participants through a food and nutrition photo catalogue to ensure that portions are recorded correctly and within standard limits when keeping a food diary. In addition, the dietician will provide this group with a diet plan calculated for energy, macro and micro nutrients, which will be different each week for the first four follow-ups. The diet plans provided will be prepared in accordance with the Mediterranean Diet food pyramid. Participants' energy requirements will be calculated using the Schofield Equation for basal metabolic rate, with adjustments made according to their physical activity levels. Energy requirements will be met by 45-50% from carbohydrates, 15-20% from protein, and 25-35% from fats.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Newly diagnosed hypertension patients
* Individuals with blood pressure \>140/90 mmHg
* Individuals with a body mass index (BMI) in the range of 18.5-25 kg/m²
* Individuals aged 40-65 years

Exclusion Criteria

Participants will be excluded if they have any of the following:

* Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
* Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
* Cardiovascular disease
* Liver disease
* Kidney disease
* Gastrointestinal disease
* Respiratory disease
* Psychiatric disorders
* Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding
* Severe food allergies
* Current smokers or individuals consuming alcohol regularly
* History of major surgery within the last 6 months
Minimum Eligible Age

40 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

65 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Medipol University

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Istanbul Medipol University Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Fenerbahce University

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Nadide Gizem Tarakci Filiz

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Nadide Gizem Tarakci Filiz

Asst. Prof.

Responsibility Role SPONSOR_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Mehmet KOÇAK, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi/Sağlık Bilim Ve Teknolojileri Araştırma Enstitüsü

Locations

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Medipol Mega University Hospital

Istanbul, , Turkey (Türkiye)

Site Status

Countries

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Turkey (Türkiye)

Central Contacts

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Mehmet KOÇAK, PhD

Role: CONTACT

+90 530 097 75 33

Rüken Aslınur SAMANCI, MSc

Role: CONTACT

+90 543 939 15 94

Facility Contacts

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Aysel AKHUNDOVA, Dr.

Role: primary

+90 541 858 62 01

Mehmet KOÇAK, PhD

Role: backup

+90 530 097 75 33

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Other Identifiers

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2025/48

Identifier Type: OTHER_GRANT

Identifier Source: secondary_id

E-10840098-202.3.02-3317

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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