Effects of Coffee Versus Hibiscus Tea Consumption During Prolonged Sitting on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate

NCT ID: NCT07159152

Last Updated: 2025-09-08

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

30 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-09-01

Study Completion Date

2026-03-01

Brief Summary

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Modern lifestyles often involve long periods of sitting, which can increase the risk of heart problems, obesity, and other health issues. Diet also plays a key role in heart health. Coffee and hibiscus tea are two common beverages, but their effects during prolonged sitting are not well understood.

This study will examine how drinking coffee versus hibiscus tea affects blood pressure, heart rate, and heart rate variability in men and women during extended periods of sitting.

Participants (30 in total: 15 women and 15 men) will take part in a randomized crossover study, meaning each person will try both beverages at different times. Data will be collected using questionnaires, body measurements, and devices to measure heart rate, blood pressure, and heart rate variability.

The goal is to better understand how these drinks influence heart health during sedentary behavior.

Detailed Description

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Modern lifestyles, shaped by technological advancements and urbanization, have led to a dramatic increase in sedentary behavior, particularly prolonged sitting. Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), obesity, and premature mortality, with women generally being less active than men. Prolonged sitting affects key indicators of cardiovascular health, including blood pressure, heart rate, and heart rate variability (HRV), which reflect autonomic nervous system regulation and overall heart function. Despite the growing concern, research on how sedentary behavior specifically affects women, particularly in Saudi Arabia, remains limited.

Dietary habits also play a critical role in cardiovascular health. Coffee, one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide, contains caffeine and polyphenols that can both stimulate and protect the cardiovascular system. Moderate coffee consumption may provide benefits such as reduced risk of chronic diseases and lower resting heart rate, while excessive intake can increase blood pressure, particularly in hypertensive individuals. Hibiscus tea, rich in flavonoids and antioxidants like anthocyanins, has been traditionally used as an antihypertensive agent. It has potential therapeutic effects, including lowering blood pressure, improving metabolic health, and protecting against cardiovascular inflammation. However, the acute effects of these beverages during prolonged sitting are not well understood.

This study aims to investigate the effects of coffee versus hibiscus tea on blood pressure, heart rate, and HRV in healthy women during extended periods of sitting. Using a randomized crossover design, participants will consume each beverage at separate times while their cardiovascular responses are monitored. Data will be collected through questionnaires, body composition measurements, and non-invasive devices to track blood pressure and heart rate variability. By comparing the acute effects of coffee and hibiscus tea during sedentary behavior, this study seeks to provide new insights into how common dietary choices may influence cardiovascular function and help guide recommendations for healthier lifestyles in populations at risk of prolonged sitting.

Conditions

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Hypertension

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

A randomized crossover design
Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Coffee plus prolonged sitting protocol

all participants in this group follow the coffee protocol

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Coffee

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Participants will consume 3 cups of Arabica coffee (Guatemalan origin), providing a total of 400 mg of caffeine. Each cup is prepared with 6% coffee grounds per 100 mL of water, brewed at 90°C for 6 minutes using an electric drip coffee maker, yielding 100.8 mg caffeine per 100 mL. Immediately following coffee consumption, participants will engage in uninterrupted sitting for 3 hours. Blood pressure, heart rate, and other study questionnaires will be measured at baseline (before coffee), 1 hour after coffee intake, and hourly during the 3-hour sitting period.

Hibiscus drink plus prolonged sitting protocol

all participants in this group follow the hibiscus drink protocol

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Hibiscus drink

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Participants will consume 3 servings of hibiscus leaves tea per day, each serving containing 1.25 g of dried hibiscus leaves, totaling 3.75 g per session. The tea will be prepared by steeping the leaves in 240 mL of boiling water (100°C) for 10 minutes. Immediately after consuming the hibiscus tea, participants will engage in uninterrupted sitting for 3 hours. Blood pressure, heart rate, and other study questionnaires will be measured at baseline (before tea), 1 hour after tea intake, and hourly during the 3-hour sitting.

Interventions

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Coffee

Participants will consume 3 cups of Arabica coffee (Guatemalan origin), providing a total of 400 mg of caffeine. Each cup is prepared with 6% coffee grounds per 100 mL of water, brewed at 90°C for 6 minutes using an electric drip coffee maker, yielding 100.8 mg caffeine per 100 mL. Immediately following coffee consumption, participants will engage in uninterrupted sitting for 3 hours. Blood pressure, heart rate, and other study questionnaires will be measured at baseline (before coffee), 1 hour after coffee intake, and hourly during the 3-hour sitting period.

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Hibiscus drink

Participants will consume 3 servings of hibiscus leaves tea per day, each serving containing 1.25 g of dried hibiscus leaves, totaling 3.75 g per session. The tea will be prepared by steeping the leaves in 240 mL of boiling water (100°C) for 10 minutes. Immediately after consuming the hibiscus tea, participants will engage in uninterrupted sitting for 3 hours. Blood pressure, heart rate, and other study questionnaires will be measured at baseline (before tea), 1 hour after tea intake, and hourly during the 3-hour sitting.

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Age between 18 and 35 years.
* Normal to elevated blood pressure (systolic \<130 mmHg and diastolic \<80 mmHg) and normal resting heart rate (60-100 bpm), ensuring selection of healthy adults and minimizing confounding factors.
* Generally healthy, without chronic or acute medical conditions, to reduce external influences on study outcomes.
* Physically inactive, not meeting current physical activity guidelines, as the study targets sedentary individuals.

Exclusion Criteria

* Known allergy or hypersensitivity to hibiscus or coffee, as participants will consume these beverages during the study.
* Current use of medications that could influence blood pressure, heart rate, or heart rate variability, including antihypertensive, chronotropic, or vasoactive drugs.
* Any medical condition or health issue that may interfere with safe participation or affect study measurements.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

35 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

UNKNOWN

Sponsor Role collaborator

King Saud University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Abdullah Bandar Alansare

Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Hadeel M Almalki, BSc

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University

Locations

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Princess Nourah University Lifestyle Center

Riyadh, , Saudi Arabia

Site Status

Countries

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Saudi Arabia

Central Contacts

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Abdullah B Alansare, PhD

Role: CONTACT

+966555061381

Mohanad S AlJubairi, MSc

Role: CONTACT

+966553899006

Facility Contacts

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Mohanad S AlJubairi, MSc

Role: primary

+966553899006

References

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Abdelmonem M, Ebada MA, Diab S, Ahmed MM, Zaazouee MS, Essa TM, ElBaz ZS, Ghaith HS, Abdella WS, Ebada M, Negida A. Efficacy of Hibiscus sabdariffa on Reducing Blood Pressure in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Published Randomized Controlled Trials. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2022 Jan 1;79(1):e64-e74. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0000000000001161.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 34694241 (View on PubMed)

Ellis LR, Zulfiqar S, Holmes M, Marshall L, Dye L, Boesch C. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa on blood pressure and cardiometabolic markers. Nutr Rev. 2022 May 9;80(6):1723-1737. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab104.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 34927694 (View on PubMed)

Da-Costa-Rocha I, Bonnlaender B, Sievers H, Pischel I, Heinrich M. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. - a phytochemical and pharmacological review. Food Chem. 2014 Dec 15;165:424-43. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.002. Epub 2014 May 27.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 25038696 (View on PubMed)

Sindi HA, Marshall LJ, Morgan MR. Comparative chemical and biochemical analysis of extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa. Food Chem. 2014 Dec 1;164:23-9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.04.097. Epub 2014 May 6.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 24996300 (View on PubMed)

Nohara-Shitama Y, Adachi H, Enomoto M, Fukami A, Nakamura S, Kono S, Morikawa N, Sakaue A, Hamamura H, Toyomasu K, Fukumoto Y. Habitual coffee intake reduces all-cause mortality by decreasing heart rate. Heart Vessels. 2019 Nov;34(11):1823-1829. doi: 10.1007/s00380-019-01422-0. Epub 2019 May 6.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 31062117 (View on PubMed)

Nurminen ML, Niittynen L, Korpela R, Vapaatalo H. Coffee, caffeine and blood pressure: a critical review. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1999 Nov;53(11):831-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600899.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 10556993 (View on PubMed)

Alfawaz HA, Khan N, Yakout SM, Khattak MNK, Alsaikhan AA, Almousa AA, Alsuwailem TA, Almjlad TM, Alamri NA, Alshammari SG, Al-Daghri NM. Prevalence, Predictors, and Awareness of Coffee Consumption and Its Trend among Saudi Female Students. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 25;17(19):7020. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197020.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 32992846 (View on PubMed)

Rao NZ, Fuller M, Grim MD. Physiochemical Characteristics of Hot and Cold Brew Coffee Chemistry: The Effects of Roast Level and Brewing Temperature on Compound Extraction. Foods. 2020 Jul 9;9(7):902. doi: 10.3390/foods9070902.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 32659894 (View on PubMed)

Hecimovic I, Belscak-Cvitanovic A, Horzic D, Komes D. Comparative study of polyphenols and caffeine in different coffee varieties affected by the degree of roasting. Food Chem. 2011 Dec 1;129(3):991-1000. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.05.059. Epub 2011 May 15.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 25212328 (View on PubMed)

Paterson C, Fryer S, Zieff G, Stone K, Credeur DP, Barone Gibbs B, Padilla J, Parker JK, Stoner L. The Effects of Acute Exposure to Prolonged Sitting, With and Without Interruption, on Vascular Function Among Adults: A Meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2020 Nov;50(11):1929-1942. doi: 10.1007/s40279-020-01325-5.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 32757163 (View on PubMed)

Taylor FC, Pinto AJ, Maniar N, Dunstan DW, Green DJ. The Acute Effects of Prolonged Uninterrupted Sitting on Vascular Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2022 Jan 1;54(1):67-76. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002763.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 34334722 (View on PubMed)

Vranish JR, Young BE, Kaur J, Patik JC, Padilla J, Fadel PJ. Influence of sex on microvascular and macrovascular responses to prolonged sitting. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2017 Apr 1;312(4):H800-H805. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00823.2016. Epub 2017 Jan 27.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 28130340 (View on PubMed)

Dempsey PC, Larsen RN, Dunstan DW, Owen N, Kingwell BA. Sitting Less and Moving More: Implications for Hypertension. Hypertension. 2018 Nov;72(5):1037-1046. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11190. No abstract available.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 30354827 (View on PubMed)

Adams NT, Paterson C, Poles J, Higgins S, Stoner L. The Effect of Sitting Duration on Peripheral Blood Pressure Responses to Prolonged Sitting, With and Without Interruption: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med. 2024 Jan;54(1):169-183. doi: 10.1007/s40279-023-01915-z. Epub 2023 Sep 8.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 37682412 (View on PubMed)

Provided Documents

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Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan

View Document

Document Type: Informed Consent Form

View Document

Other Identifiers

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No. E-25-9503

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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