Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Psychotherapy for Treating Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

NCT ID: NCT07146438

Last Updated: 2025-10-27

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

48 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-11-10

Study Completion Date

2028-08-31

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

This study will test how people with OCD respond to a type of noninvasive brain stimulation, repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS), when it is combined with psychotherapy. Participants will either engage in Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) Therapy or supportive therapy (ST) while receiving rTMS. Biobehavioral data from wearable devices and smartphones will be collected to better predict treatment responses. Participants will also undergo repeat resting state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rsfMRI) in order to assess neural predictors and mechanisms of treatment response.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

This is a randomized, controlled pilot study to evaluate the feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary effects of combining repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with one of two types of therapy for adults with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). All participants will receive rTMS targeted to a specific brain area (the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex/anterior cingulate cortex) five days per week (Monday through Friday) for six weeks, utilizing the FDA-cleared treatment protocol. In addition, participants will receive either Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), a form of cognitive behavioral therapy, or supportive therapy (ST), delivered virtually twice per week during the rTMS treatment period.

The study lasts a total of 16 weeks. During the first week, participants will complete baseline assessments, including questionnaires about symptoms, functioning, quality of life, and treatment priorities. Participants will undergo a brain scan (rsfMRI) and receive a Fitbit device (Charge 6) to wear throughout the study. Participants will also be guided on how to complete daily self-report check-ins using their smartphone. These check-ins, along with the Fitbit, will collect information about behavior (e.g., sleep, physical activity), physiology (e.g., heart rate), and lived experience (e.g., stress, mood, and symptoms) throughout the study period.

rTMS treatment begins in week 2 and continues for six weeks. ERP or supportive therapy sessions are scheduled twice per week, on the same days as rTMS (Tuesdays and Thursdays), and take place while participants are receiving rTMS in the treatment room. Weekly assessments of OCD symptom severity will be conducted throughout the six-week treatment phase.

After the treatment phase ends in week 8, participants will repeat the brain scan and complete final symptom and functioning assessments. At this time, Fitbit data collection and daily surveys will cease. At week 16 (two months after treatment ends), participants will complete a follow-up assessment to evaluate longer-term outcomes.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Obsessive - Compulsive Disorder

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

All participants will receive repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS). Participants will be randomized to either receive concurrent Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) Therapy or Supportive Therapy (ST).
Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Outcome Assessors
Participants will know which treatment group they are in but will be blinded to study hypothesis.

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

rTMS+ERP

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)

Intervention Type DEVICE

rTMS will be delivered with the MagPro X100 system equipped with a Cool-DB80 coil and a Localite neuronavigation system. Neuronavigation will be performed for anatomical landmarking and co-registration of the brain to Talairach stereotaxic space, with the co-registered coil vertex coordinate (x0, y+60, z+60) as performed in previously published work on dmPFC-rTMS and which represents \~25% of the nasion-inion distance. Posterior coil handle orientation will be used with stimulation parameters of 20Hz repetition rate, 2 second stimulation duration, 20 second inter-train interval, and 50 trains, for a total of 2000 pulses per day. Stimulation will be delivered at 100% of extensor hallucis longus muscle resting motor threshold (MT), as determined by the PI. rTMS will be delivered 5 days per week (Monday through Friday) for 6 weeks for a total of 30 treatment sessions, in keeping with established protocols. Trained research staff will perform daily rTMS treatments and monitor participants.

Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) Therapy

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

ERP is a form of cognitive-behavioral therapy designed to reduce obsessive-compulsive symptoms by weakening the association between feared stimuli and maladaptive responses. It promotes the formation and recall of non-threatening associations to counter fear-based learning. The participant and therapist will collaboratively create a hierarchy of OCD triggers, rated using the Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS). ERP will begin with exposures rated 4-7 on the SUDS, while participants refrain from engaging in compulsions. Each trigger will be repeated until the SUDS rating decreases by at least 50% before progressing to the next item. Between-session ERP homework will be assigned, and participants will be provided self-monitoring homework rating forms to complete for subsequent review with the therapist. Each ERP session will last 53-60 minutes and will be conducted concurrently with rTMS, with the participant remaining in the TMS treatment room throughout.

rTMS+ST

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)

Intervention Type DEVICE

rTMS will be delivered with the MagPro X100 system equipped with a Cool-DB80 coil and a Localite neuronavigation system. Neuronavigation will be performed for anatomical landmarking and co-registration of the brain to Talairach stereotaxic space, with the co-registered coil vertex coordinate (x0, y+60, z+60) as performed in previously published work on dmPFC-rTMS and which represents \~25% of the nasion-inion distance. Posterior coil handle orientation will be used with stimulation parameters of 20Hz repetition rate, 2 second stimulation duration, 20 second inter-train interval, and 50 trains, for a total of 2000 pulses per day. Stimulation will be delivered at 100% of extensor hallucis longus muscle resting motor threshold (MT), as determined by the PI. rTMS will be delivered 5 days per week (Monday through Friday) for 6 weeks for a total of 30 treatment sessions, in keeping with established protocols. Trained research staff will perform daily rTMS treatments and monitor participants.

Supportive Therapy (ST)

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Supportive therapy (ST) is a nondirective "talk therapy" focused on enhancing coping skills, strengthening existing resources, and improving daily functioning. Core techniques will include active listening, encouragement, validation, reframing, clarification (summarizing and paraphrasing), and naming problems. Participants will receive two ST sessions per week during the 6-week rTMS course. General goals include using the therapeutic relationship to foster adaptation, improve self-esteem, and support overall well-being. Each session will last 53-60 minutes and take place concurrently with rTMS, with the participant remaining in the TMS treatment room throughout.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)

rTMS will be delivered with the MagPro X100 system equipped with a Cool-DB80 coil and a Localite neuronavigation system. Neuronavigation will be performed for anatomical landmarking and co-registration of the brain to Talairach stereotaxic space, with the co-registered coil vertex coordinate (x0, y+60, z+60) as performed in previously published work on dmPFC-rTMS and which represents \~25% of the nasion-inion distance. Posterior coil handle orientation will be used with stimulation parameters of 20Hz repetition rate, 2 second stimulation duration, 20 second inter-train interval, and 50 trains, for a total of 2000 pulses per day. Stimulation will be delivered at 100% of extensor hallucis longus muscle resting motor threshold (MT), as determined by the PI. rTMS will be delivered 5 days per week (Monday through Friday) for 6 weeks for a total of 30 treatment sessions, in keeping with established protocols. Trained research staff will perform daily rTMS treatments and monitor participants.

Intervention Type DEVICE

Supportive Therapy (ST)

Supportive therapy (ST) is a nondirective "talk therapy" focused on enhancing coping skills, strengthening existing resources, and improving daily functioning. Core techniques will include active listening, encouragement, validation, reframing, clarification (summarizing and paraphrasing), and naming problems. Participants will receive two ST sessions per week during the 6-week rTMS course. General goals include using the therapeutic relationship to foster adaptation, improve self-esteem, and support overall well-being. Each session will last 53-60 minutes and take place concurrently with rTMS, with the participant remaining in the TMS treatment room throughout.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) Therapy

ERP is a form of cognitive-behavioral therapy designed to reduce obsessive-compulsive symptoms by weakening the association between feared stimuli and maladaptive responses. It promotes the formation and recall of non-threatening associations to counter fear-based learning. The participant and therapist will collaboratively create a hierarchy of OCD triggers, rated using the Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS). ERP will begin with exposures rated 4-7 on the SUDS, while participants refrain from engaging in compulsions. Each trigger will be repeated until the SUDS rating decreases by at least 50% before progressing to the next item. Between-session ERP homework will be assigned, and participants will be provided self-monitoring homework rating forms to complete for subsequent review with the therapist. Each ERP session will last 53-60 minutes and will be conducted concurrently with rTMS, with the participant remaining in the TMS treatment room throughout.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Diagnosis of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) as determined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria.
* Live in Southern California and be willing to attend in-person to receive repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) 5 times per week for 6 weeks.
* Have completed a prior course of Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) therapy (at least ten sessions)
* Currently take or have previously tried Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SRI) medication for OCD
* Willing to maintain psychotropic medication levels throughout the 16 weeks of the study

Exclusion Criteria

* Primary psychiatric diagnosis other than OCD
* Active substance use disorder
* Active suicidality
* Active psychosis
* History of seizures
* Severe neurological impairment
* Pregnant or planning to become pregnant
* Received a prior rTMS course
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

Adam Frank

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Adam Frank

Assistant Professor of Clinical Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences

Responsibility Role SPONSOR_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Adam C. Frank, MD, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Keck School of Medicine of USC

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

University of Southern California Health Sciences Campus

Los Angeles, California, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

United States

Central Contacts

Reach out to these primary contacts for questions about participation or study logistics.

USC Frank OCD Lab

Role: CONTACT

323-442-3632

Emma Garland, BA

Role: CONTACT

213-821-3120

Facility Contacts

Find local site contact details for specific facilities participating in the trial.

Frank OCD Lab

Role: primary

323-230-0162

Emma Garland

Role: backup

213-821-3120

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

HS-24-00659

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.