Impact of Benefit Inserts on Health Plan Selection and Utilization Among Renewing Covered California Members

NCT ID: NCT07136233

Last Updated: 2025-08-22

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 1600000 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2024-10-04
• Study Completion Date: 2026-07-30

Brief Summary

The study aims to evaluate the impact of an informational flyer insert on health plan selection and health care utilization among Covered California renewing members during the 2025 plan year. The flyer highlights the enhanced Silver plan benefits, which were expanded in 2025 to include all enrollees, regardless of income level. Key benefits include $0 deductibles, lower monthly premiums, free preventive visits, and reduced costs for primary care, emergency care, and medications.

The main questions the study seeks to answer are:

• Does the informational flyer help overcome barriers that prevent consumers from switching to more beneficial plans?
• Does the flyer encourage current Silver Plan enrollees to increase health care utilization, such as preventive visits, primary care, and medication usage, by highlighting enhanced benefits like $0 deductible and lower costs?

To address these questions, researchers will compare outcomes between households that receive the flyer insert and those that do not. Covered California's administrative data will provide individual-level information on plan selection, while claims data will offer insights into healthcare utilization patterns. This approach will help determine the effectiveness of targeted communication in driving selection of more beneficial plan and improving healthcare utilization.

Detailed Description

Background:

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) established health insurance marketplaces (commonly referred to as ACA marketplaces) to provide affordable insurance coverage. In addition to premium subsidies, administered through the form of advanced premium tax credits (APTCs), low-income consumers are eligible for reduced out-of-pocket costs when they enroll in a Silver plan through the ACA marketplaces. These ACA benefits, known as Cost-Sharing Reductions (CSRs), improve the plan generosity (through the form of lower copays and deductibles) while keeping premium costs at the level of a Silver plan. Traditionally, lower out-of-pocket costs are associated with higher premium payments, such as in the Platinum tier, whereas high out-of-pocket costs are paired with lower premiums, as in the Bronze tier. These CSR benefits are available for consumers who enroll in the Silver metal tier and have an income below 250 percent of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL).

California launched its own state-funded Cost-Sharing Reduction (CSR) program in 2024, increasing the benefit levels for those eligible for federally funded CSRs. These plans are referred to as "enhanced CSR plans." In the 2025 plan year, California expanded eligibility for enhanced CSR plans to all enrollees, regardless of income. This policy change improves affordability and accessibility by offering coverage comparable to Gold plans but with lower monthly premiums for all enrollees. Members already enrolled in Silver plans were automatically upgraded to the enhanced CSR plans, while those in other metal tiers (Bronze, Gold, or Platinum) had to take action to switch during the annual renewal period to benefit from these new plan designs. This study explores how additional communication in the form of an informational flyer insert about the new enhanced CSR plan benefits and their expanded eligibility may have helped overcome inertia, likely due to informational and awareness barriers, for renewing consumers.

Project Objective:

The primary objective of the study is to evaluate whether including an informational flyer insert with renewal notices affects consumer behavior in two key areas:

1. Enrollment in Enhanced CSR Plans: Assess whether members currently enrolled in other metal tiers are more likely to switch to the enhanced CSR plan when informed about the new benefits.

2. Health Care Utilization for Current Silver Plan Enrollees: Determine whether members already enrolled in Silver plans, who were newly eligible for enhanced silver benefits, increased their utilization of health care services after receiving the flyer insert which has information such as '$0 deductible', 'Lower monthly premiums', '$0 for preventative visits', 'lower costs for primary and emergency care visits', 'lower medication costs'.

This evaluation seeks to understand if targeted communication can effectively inform consumers about the availability of more affordable and generous health coverage options, thereby encouraging a shift towards plans that offer better value and accessibility.

Conditions

Outreach Intervention

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

No-Flyer Group

Renewing Covered California households who do not receive the informational flyer insert during the 2025 plan year. They only receive a standard renewal notice informing them of their upcoming coverage renewal and encourages consumers to shop for coverage ahead of the next coverage year.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Flyer Group

Renewing Covered California members who receive the informational flyer insert during the 2025 plan year along with a standard renewal notice informing them of their upcoming coverage renewal and encourages consumers to shop for coverage ahead of the next coverage year.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Informational Flyer Insert on Enhanced Silver Plan Benefits

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Alongside the standard eligibility notice informing participants about their upcoming coverage renewal, an informational flyer is also included. The flyer explains that everyone is eligible in 2025 for the Silver plan regardless of income and highlights its benefits, such as $0 deductibles, lower monthly premiums, free preventive visits, and reduced costs for primary care, emergency care, and medications.

Interventions

Informational Flyer Insert on Enhanced Silver Plan Benefits

Alongside the standard eligibility notice informing participants about their upcoming coverage renewal, an informational flyer is also included. The flyer explains that everyone is eligible in 2025 for the Silver plan regardless of income and highlights its benefits, such as $0 deductibles, lower monthly premiums, free preventive visits, and reduced costs for primary care, emergency care, and medications.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Households who qualify for automatic renewal of their Covered California health plan as of October 4.
• Households that were enrolled in Covered California on the subsidized application.

Exclusion Criteria

Households that were no longer enrolled as of January 31, 2025. This includes people who chose to cancel their coverage in 2024 and those who were automatically disenrolled due to changes in eligibility during the open enrollment period.)

• Households that were included in the affordability crosswalk

1. The affordability crosswalk is a Covered California process that moves eligible individuals with lower incomes to Silver CSR plans during renewal.

2. This population includes members with incomes below 250% of the federal poverty level who were enrolled in Bronze plans and eligible for $0 premiums with Silver plans, members below 200% of the federal poverty level who were enrolled in Gold plans, and members below 150% of the federal poverty level who were enrolled in Platinum plans.

3. Approximately 23,000 members are excluded from the experiment due to this restriction.

• Households with members enrolled with the carrier Valley Health Plan and Dental Health Services.

1. This group was excluded due to changes in plan availability that necessitated a special notice.

2. Approximately 30,000 members are excluded from this experiment due to this restriction.

• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Covered California

OTHER_GOV

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Sulo Paudyal

Research Data Specialist

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Emily Kohn, Masters of Public Policy

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Covered California

Locations

Covered California

Sacramento, California, United States

Countries

United States

Provided Documents

Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan

View Document

Other Identifiers

CCA-NOTICE-INSERT-2025

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id