Intranasal Sphenopalatine Ganglion Blockade for Headaches Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

PHASE4

Total Enrollment

20 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-05-20

Study Completion Date

2027-05-31

Brief Summary

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In patients with bleeding from a brain aneurysm, severe headache is the most common complaint. However, the pain is difficult to treat. The use of standard pain medications is common, but pain control remains poor. Additionally, pain medicines have multiple side effects including sedation, interference with breathing, intestinal cramping, low blood pressure, and the risk of addiction. In the present study, the investigators will examine the use of a medication to block the sphenopalatine ganglion which is a bundle of nerves that includes nerves that cause head pain. This block is performed by spraying numbing medication into the back of the nasal cavity on both sides. This particular pain medication does not have the side effects discussed above. The purpose of the study is to see if this treatment will decrease pain without causing unwanted side effects.

All patients in the study will receive standard pain medicine as needed for headache. Information will be collected from the patient's medical chart on the amount of pain medication used and the amount of pain the patient describes having. The average pain will be calculated for the first 24 hours the patient is in the hospital. At that point, the patient will receive pain medication sprayed into the back of the nasal cavity on both sides. Patients will also receive this treatment 3 days later. Following these treatments, information will be obtained on the average amount of pain, and how much other pain medication is used.

The investigators will look at the amount of pain and the amount of other pain medicine used over the first 24 hours before the nasal pain medicine treatment and compare it to the time after the treatments to see if the amount of pain decreases and if the amount of other pain medicine needed decreases as well. Six months after discharge, the patient will be contacted by phone to find out more information about how much head pain they had after discharge from the hospital.

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Detailed Description

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Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) accounts for up to 8% of strokes and affects approximately 30,000 individuals yearly in the US alone. Of those, ruptured intracranial aneurysm is the etiology up to 85% of the time. In these patients, severe headache is the most common complaint and its treatment is difficult and often inadequate. However, adequate. Opioids, often in escalating doses, are guideline recommended, but unfortunately they have significant side effects and are often not effective. There have been numerous trials looking at different treatments for the headache caused by SAH. There is an urgent need for an effective treatment with tolerable side effects. The pathophysiology of pain in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is not well elucidated.

It is likely related to vasoactive and inflammatory byproducts of blood degradation in the subarachnoid space. The intracranial vessels themselves are abundantly innervated, predominantly by branches of the maxillary nerve. The sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) is a possible target for intervention, as blockade has been shown to be effective in cluster headaches. The SPG is located near the maxillary nerve, which may explain why blockade is also useful in several other head pain disorders. A small, single center pilot study of seven patients evaluated a bilateral suprazygomatic pterygopalatine fossa blockade as a treatment for headache, and all the patients had clinically significant reductions in reported pain. This study aims to evaluate whether intranasal SPG blockade could provide an effective and minimally invasive treatment option to improve pain and possibly reduce opioid requirements in these patients.

Conditions

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Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (aSAH) Headache

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NA

Intervention Model

SINGLE_GROUP

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Treatment arm

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Lidocaine (drug)

Intervention Type DRUG

Tx 360/lidocaine

Tx 360

Intervention Type DEVICE

Tx 360 device

Interventions

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Lidocaine (drug)

Tx 360/lidocaine

Intervention Type DRUG

Tx 360

Tx 360 device

Intervention Type DEVICE

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

• Patients aged 18 years or older who are being treated in the neurologic ICU for subarachnoid hemorrhage with Hunt and Hess scale of 0-3 (Scale ranges from 0 to 5 with higher numbers indicating more severe symptoms) and able to verbally report headache will be considered for inclusion in this study.

Exclusion Criteria

* Patients under the age of 18 years of age.
* Patients with an allergy to lidocaine.
* Patients from all vulnerable groups.
* Patients with Hunt and Hess scale score of 4-5. (Scale ranges from 0 to 5 with higher numbers indicating more severe symptoms.)
* Patients who are not able to consent.
* Mentally impaired patients that are unable to provide consent.
* Patients that are prisoners.
* Pregnant patients.

Additionally, patients with contraindications to use of the Tx 360 device will be excluded. Contraindications include:

* History of recurrent nose bleeds.
* Nasal septal deformity such as cleft lip and palate, choanal atresia (narrowed nasal passages), atrophic rhinitis, rhinitis medicamentosa, septal perforation, nasal/midface trauma.
* Recent nasal/sinus surgery
* Presence of a bleeding disorder (eg., Von Willebrand's disease or hemophilia).
* Severe respiratory distress.
* Presence of angiofibroma, sinus tumor, or granulomatous disease of the nasopharynx.
* Presence of nasal trauma.
* Nasal congestion that has been present more than 10 days, high fever, or abnormal appearance of the nasal mucosa or mucus.

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No