Effect of Beetroot Nitrates on Different Physical Skills in Colombian Rugby Athletes

NCT ID: NCT07106489

Last Updated: 2025-12-12

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 10 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2025-02-01
• Study Completion Date: 2025-03-13

Brief Summary

Beetroot is a source of nitrates, which have demonstrated various positive effects in sports, with little evidence in intermittent sports such as ball sports (including rugby). Therefore, the study's hypothesis is that it may also have an effect in these sports. For this purpose, a beetroot extract was used, a product approved by the Colombian institution in charge of product approval and registration in Colombia, the National Institute for Food and Drug Surveillance (INVIMA). This was done to determine whether it has any effect on various physical abilities required for rugby, such as speed, acceleration, strength, and fatigue perception.

Detailed Description

Currently, nitrates (from beet juices or extracts) have gained relevance due to their vasodilatory effect, which has contributed to improving athletic performance. Their use has been studied mainly in continuous sports such as swimming, cycling, athletics, etc. However, research in intermittent sports (such as ball or combat sports) is limited and inconclusive, so further research is needed on their use and effect in these sports. Therefore, the study seeks to investigate the effect of administering beet extract for three consecutive days in rugby athletes, evaluating its effect on various physical capacities required for the specific sport, such as acceleration, speed, strength, and fitness. Due to the small number of participants, a randomization process is not possible. A representative sample of 44 is required, but only 10 are interested in participating. Therefore, the sample will be selected based on the number of people willing to participate (convenience sampling) and meeting the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Each athlete is subsequently characterized and evaluated by the nutritionist, who provides instructions on how to avoid consuming foods or substances that could affect the study. They will be provided with the necessary substrates three days before the physical tests, with one group receiving the beetroot substrate and the other a placebo. The following week, the groups will be double-blinded. The physical tests will be performed by a professional physiotherapist, who will apply the test protocol and use a Borg scale to assess perceived exertion. Finally, a descriptive and exploratory analysis will be performed on the collected data, using univariate tests for the mean (Student's t-test) or Wilcoxon tests, depending on the type of variable (continuous or ordinal), with a 95% confidence level. To measure the magnitude of the treatment effect on each measured variable, Cohen's d statistic will be used for those variables that required a t-test.

Conditions

Athletic Performance

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NON_RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Primary Study Purpose: OTHER
• Blinding Strategy: TRIPLE

Study Groups

Placebo-Beetroot

The group receives the placebo the first week and the following week they receive the beetroot

Group Type: OTHER

Borg scale

Intervention Type: OTHER

At the end of the tests, each participant is asked to evaluate their perception of fatigue by giving a number between 1 and 10, with 1 being the lowest level of fatigue and 10 being the highest.

Fitness test by bronco test

Intervention Type: OTHER

The participant runs a distance of 20, 40, and 60 meters, back and forth, 5 times at maximum speed. The variable to be measured is the total time taken to complete the test.

Maximal strength

Intervention Type: OTHER

Each participant performs squats and bench press to evaluate lower-body and upper-body maximal strength, thus identifying their maximum strength taken per kilogram lifted.

beetroot juice - Placebo

Intervention Type: OTHER

Participants receive the beetroot and placebo in the form of waffles to ensure the study is blinded, as the 6 mmol of nitrates used require a high concentration of beetroot, which is masked by the waffle ingredients and food coloring.

40 meters sprint

Intervention Type: OTHER

The participant performs a race at maximum speed with two attempts, times are taken at 10, 30 and 40 meters, to evaluate acceleration and speed, the attempt with the shortest times is the one taken for the research.

Beetroot-Placebo

The group receives the beetroot the first week and the following week receives the placebo.

Group Type: OTHER

Borg scale

Intervention Type: OTHER

At the end of the tests, each participant is asked to evaluate their perception of fatigue by giving a number between 1 and 10, with 1 being the lowest level of fatigue and 10 being the highest.

Fitness test by bronco test

Intervention Type: OTHER

The participant runs a distance of 20, 40, and 60 meters, back and forth, 5 times at maximum speed. The variable to be measured is the total time taken to complete the test.

Maximal strength

Intervention Type: OTHER

Each participant performs squats and bench press to evaluate lower-body and upper-body maximal strength, thus identifying their maximum strength taken per kilogram lifted.

beetroot juice - Placebo

Intervention Type: OTHER

Participants receive the beetroot and placebo in the form of waffles to ensure the study is blinded, as the 6 mmol of nitrates used require a high concentration of beetroot, which is masked by the waffle ingredients and food coloring.

40 meters sprint

Intervention Type: OTHER

The participant performs a race at maximum speed with two attempts, times are taken at 10, 30 and 40 meters, to evaluate acceleration and speed, the attempt with the shortest times is the one taken for the research.

Interventions

Borg scale

At the end of the tests, each participant is asked to evaluate their perception of fatigue by giving a number between 1 and 10, with 1 being the lowest level of fatigue and 10 being the highest.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Fitness test by bronco test

The participant runs a distance of 20, 40, and 60 meters, back and forth, 5 times at maximum speed. The variable to be measured is the total time taken to complete the test.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Maximal strength

Each participant performs squats and bench press to evaluate lower-body and upper-body maximal strength, thus identifying their maximum strength taken per kilogram lifted.

Intervention Type: OTHER

beetroot juice - Placebo

Participants receive the beetroot and placebo in the form of waffles to ensure the study is blinded, as the 6 mmol of nitrates used require a high concentration of beetroot, which is masked by the waffle ingredients and food coloring.

Intervention Type: OTHER

40 meters sprint

The participant performs a race at maximum speed with two attempts, times are taken at 10, 30 and 40 meters, to evaluate acceleration and speed, the attempt with the shortest times is the one taken for the research.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Belong to one of the two Rugby Clubs invited to participate
• Legal age
• Have trained/played rugby for more than 6 months.

Exclusion Criteria

• Have had a sports injury in the last 6 months or during the study
• Use of nutritional supplements during the study.
• Use of mouthwash during the study.
• Have health conditions that require specific medical treatment.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 40 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Universidad Nacional de Colombia

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Ligia Stella Guerrero Orjuela

PhD. MSc. ND. Professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Ligia S Guerrero, PhD. MSc. ND

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Locations

Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Bogotá, , Colombia

Countries

Colombia

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Provided Documents

Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan

View Document

Document Type: Informed Consent Form

View Document

Other Identifiers

65891

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id