Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Exercise on Health

NCT ID: NCT07095179

Last Updated: 2026-02-06

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 48 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2026-03-01
• Study Completion Date: 2027-08-01

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether inspiratory muscle training has an immediate effect on energy expenditure, heart rate, blood glucose, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness in healthy adults, obese adults, and adults with type 2 diabetes.

Detailed Description

Participants will be asked to complete two trials involving intermittent exercise, which will include eupnea and inspiratory muscle training (IMT), as well as a resting control condition, in a randomized crossover study design. The trials will be separated by a minimum of 48 hours and will be completed within a 7-day period. Throughout all trials, participants will be required to remain relaxed and seated on an adjustable examination bed. For the IMT intensity, participants will utilize an inspiratory muscle training device (PowerBreathe Plus, Powerbreathe International Ltd., UK) and adjust the resistance to a level at which breathing continuously for 20 breaths is perceived as "somewhat hard" (RPE = 13), according to the Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale. This will take place during a 3.5-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). During the trials, participants may watch television or read; however, typing on a laptop or computer will be prohibited.

Conditions

Intermittent Inspiratory Muscle Training; Eupnea

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Primary Study Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Eupnea

Participants will breathe normally.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Eupnea

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Participants will breathe normally.

Inspiratory muscle training

Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IMT) will be conducted throughout the trial

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IIMT)

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IIMT) will be conducted throughout the trial

Interventions

Eupnea

Participants will breathe normally.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IIMT)

Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IIMT) will be conducted throughout the trial

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Healthy adults, obese adults and adults with type 2 diabetes
• Aged between 20 to 45 years
• Weight stable for more than 3 months (no change in weight +/- 3%)
• Non-smoker
• Non-highly trained athletic team members
• Normal lifestyle patterns

Exclusion Criteria

• Personal history of/existing hypertension, respiratory infectious disease, cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease
• Taking medications that may influence lipid or carbohydrate metabolism or immune system function

• Minimum Eligible Age: 20 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 45 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

National Taiwan Normal University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Yung-Chih Chen

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Central Contacts

Yung-Chih Chen, PhD

Role: CONTACT

yc.chen@ntnu.edu.tw

02-77496979

Other Identifiers

202506HM022

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id