Effects of Meal Energy Density on Body Measures and Metabolism in Women

NCT ID: NCT07066618

Last Updated: 2025-07-15

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

28 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2023-11-15

Study Completion Date

2024-03-25

Brief Summary

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This study investigates whether the timing of energy intake during the day-specifically consuming more calories at breakfast or at dinner-affects body measurements, blood sugar levels, cholesterol, and feelings of hunger in women who are overweight or obese.

A total of 28 women participated in the study and were randomly assigned to one of two diet plans: one group consumed half of their daily calories at breakfast, while the other consumed them at dinner. Both groups followed a calorie-restricted diet for six weeks.

The goal of this research is to understand whether eating more in the morning rather than in the evening leads to better outcomes for weight control and metabolic health. Findings from this study may help health professionals make more effective meal timing recommendations for weight loss and improving blood sugar regulation.

Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Obesity Overweight Appetite Regulation Meal Timing Circadian Rhythm Metabolic Health

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Breakfast Group (BG)

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Breakfast-Loaded Hypocaloric Diet

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants in this group consumed a hypocaloric diet in which 50% of daily energy intake was provided at breakfast, 35% at lunch, and 15% at dinner. Meal times were standardized as follows: breakfast (7:00-9:00), lunch (12:00-14:00), and dinner (18:00-20:00). The diet was individually tailored and provided 20% fewer calories than the participants' total energy expenditure. Macronutrient distribution followed recommended guidelines: 45-60% carbohydrates, 10-20% protein, and 20-35% fat.

Dinner Group (DG)

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Dinner-Loaded Hypocaloric Diet

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants in this group consumed a hypocaloric diet in which 15% of daily energy intake was provided at breakfast, 35% at lunch, and 50% at dinner. Meal times were standardized as follows: breakfast (7:00-9:00), lunch (12:00-14:00), and dinner (18:00-20:00). The diet was individually tailored and provided 20% fewer calories than the participants' total energy expenditure. Macronutrient distribution followed recommended guidelines: 45-60% carbohydrates, 10-20% protein, and 20-35% fat.

Interventions

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Breakfast-Loaded Hypocaloric Diet

Participants in this group consumed a hypocaloric diet in which 50% of daily energy intake was provided at breakfast, 35% at lunch, and 15% at dinner. Meal times were standardized as follows: breakfast (7:00-9:00), lunch (12:00-14:00), and dinner (18:00-20:00). The diet was individually tailored and provided 20% fewer calories than the participants' total energy expenditure. Macronutrient distribution followed recommended guidelines: 45-60% carbohydrates, 10-20% protein, and 20-35% fat.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Dinner-Loaded Hypocaloric Diet

Participants in this group consumed a hypocaloric diet in which 15% of daily energy intake was provided at breakfast, 35% at lunch, and 50% at dinner. Meal times were standardized as follows: breakfast (7:00-9:00), lunch (12:00-14:00), and dinner (18:00-20:00). The diet was individually tailored and provided 20% fewer calories than the participants' total energy expenditure. Macronutrient distribution followed recommended guidelines: 45-60% carbohydrates, 10-20% protein, and 20-35% fat.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Women aged 20-45
* BMI ≥25 kg/m²
* Regular menstrual cycle
* No chronic disease or medication use
* PSQI ≤5 (Good sleep quality)

Exclusion Criteria

* Pregnancy or lactation
* Gastrointestinal or metabolic disorders
* Shift workers, sleep disorders
* Medication affecting metabolism
* Weight change \>4.5 kg in last 6 months
Minimum Eligible Age

20 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

45 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Melike Nur Eroğlu

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Melike Nur Eroğlu

Lecturer

Responsibility Role SPONSOR_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

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Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Exercise and Sports Sciences Education, Application and Research Centre

Sakarya, , Turkey (Türkiye)

Site Status

Countries

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Turkey (Türkiye)

Provided Documents

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Document Type: Informed Consent Form

View Document

Other Identifiers

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BASKENT-MEALTIME-2023

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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