Video-Based Versus Numerical Pain Assessment in Postoperative Patients: A Pilot Study

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

240 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-10-15

Study Completion Date

2026-01-04

Brief Summary

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The goal of this observational pilot study is to evaluate whether video-based visual scenarios representing different levels of pain are preferred over the traditional Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) by postoperative patients. The study also investigates the clarity and interpretability of both methods and examines the level of agreement between the selected video and the reported NRS score.

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Detailed Description

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This prospective, observational, single-center pilot study evaluates the usability and preference of a novel video-based pain expression method compared to the standard Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) in postoperative adult patients. Videos representing 5 different pain intensities (NRS 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, 9-10) were created using AI-assisted scenario generation and VEO-3 video production tools. Each video features age- and sex-matched models (male and female in three age categories: 18-44, 45-65, \>65 years) demonstrating realistic, simulated pain expressions.

In the recovery unit, patients aged 18 and above will be shown the video series and asked to:

Select the video that best reflects their current pain

Report their pain using the NRS

Indicate which method (video or NRS) they prefer for expressing pain

Indicate which method they found easier to understand

Collected data will include demographic variables, surgical details, comorbidities, and responses to the pain assessment tools. The study will enroll at least 82 participants based on power analysis.

Data will be anonymized and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics including Chi-square, Spearman correlation, and p\<0.05 significance level.

The planned sample size was amended prior to the enrollment of the first patient, increasing from 120 to 240 participants. This adjustment was made to ensure sufficient statistical power for planned subgroup analyses.

Conditions

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Pain Assessment Scales

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Interventions

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numerical rating scale

The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) is a standardized, self-reported pain assessment tool in which patients are asked to rate their pain intensity on a scale from 0 to 10.

0 represents "no pain"

10 represents "the worst pain imaginable"

Intervention Type OTHER

Video-Based Pain Expression Scenarios

This novel pain assessment method involves showing postoperative patients a set of pre-recorded video scenarios that visually represent different levels of pain intensity. The videos are 8 seconds long and were created using AI-generated scripts and VEO-3 software. Each scenario corresponds to a specific Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) range (1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, 9-10) and is portrayed by actors matched to the patient's age group and gender (18-44, 45-65, \>65 years; male and female versions available).

Participants are asked to watch the full video set and select the one that best represents their current postoperative pain experience. This intervention is designed to offer a visual and contextual method of pain expression, particularly beneficial for patients who have difficulty understanding or using abstract numerical scales.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Age ≥ 18 years
* Undergoing any type of surgery
* Admitted to the postoperative recovery unit (PACU) in stable condition
* Able to understand and respond to questions
* Provide written informed consent (ICF)

Exclusion Criteria

* Age \< 18 years
* Refusal or inability to provide informed consent
* Visual impairment or blindness
* Impaired consciousness or cognitive inability to complete the questionnaire
* History of psychiatric illness
* Planned postoperative ICU admission
* Patients undergoing surgery for intracranial mass
* History of seizure disorders

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No