Keep Social Study for Young Adults

NCT ID: NCT07005817

Last Updated: 2025-08-08

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

1900 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-05-19

Study Completion Date

2027-11-30

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

The Keep Social randomized control trial (RCT) is a 6-week, online study which will test whether, relative to a placebo control condition, an intervention that encourages high-quality in-person social interactions with strangers and acquaintances reduces young adults' (ages 18 - 29) social isolation and loneliness.

Participants will complete our 6-week protocol, which includes 6 weeks of passive ecological behavior sampling (i.e., geotracking) and Day Reports, our 4-week Invibe social media messages, plus recurrent Biweekly Assessments (BW1-BW4) that include both self-reported and behavioral measures. The first Monday following enrollment, participants complete the BW1 baseline survey to assess demographic characteristics and initial levels of all outcome variables (primary and secondary, \~20 min). They also (optionally) activate passive geotracking on this day and leave it activated, continuously, for the duration of the study.

During the 2-week baseline and 4-week Invibe phases, time-varying psychological and behavioral mediators and moderators will be assessed three times per week via Day Reports. To increase ecological validity, each week, two weekdays (i.e., Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, or Thursday), and one weekend day (i.e., Friday, Saturday or Sunday) will be randomly selected. Day reports will not be assigned on Mondays if there is a biweekly assessment scheduled.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Social isolation and its subjective counterpart loneliness-well established as risk factors for poor physical and mental health-have been rising at alarming rates in the US, especially among young adults. Mechanistic understanding of how best to build social connectedness to ameliorate social isolation is sorely needed to redirect life trajectories toward health and well-being. In creating this foundational knowledge, variations across individuals and geographic location merit focus because these variations may be associated with unique challenges and opportunities for initiating social interactions. The broad, overarching objective of this work is to conduct basic experimental research on social connectedness to test whether, how, where, and for whom health communication messages can motivate in-person interactions to reduce young adults' social isolation and loneliness. Our multi-disciplinary team brings together expertise in social psychology, emotion science, communication science, and public health and will carry out a 6-week randomized controlled trial-the Keep Social RCT-using our innovative and ecologically valid simulated social media platform and a suite of rigorous repeated measures of social behavior, loneliness, and other health relevant outcomes.

This program of research is designed to meet three specific aims. SPECIFIC AIM 1 is to use optimized health messages about the value of social connectedness for young adults (ages 18-29) to conduct the Keep Social RCT to build a rich empirical platform. Initial empirical work has already used a human-centered process to design health communication messages that included peer imagery and stories and tested them in an online experiment with \>700 young adults. Messages that received the highest ratings for encouraging in-person interactions in this online experiment were selected for the Keep Social RCT, which is placebo-controlled with behavioral and survey assessments repeated over six weeks. SPECIFIC AIM 2 is to analyze theory-driven mechanisms through which health communication messages in the Keep Social RCT may reduce young adults' social isolation and loneliness to identify intervention targets. This aim will be met with longitudinal statistical modeling to test whether and how the experimental health communication messages improve social connectedness. SPECIFIC AIM 3 is to extend data analyses of the Keep Social RCT to identify moderators of reduced social isolation and loneliness to identify where and for whom effects are largest. This aim will be met with advanced statistical modeling to illuminate the conditions under which our health communication messages most effectively ameliorate social isolation and loneliness in young adults. Taken together, this research will provide a framework to identify intervention targets to guide subsequent translational work undertaken to reduce loneliness that has been increasing across the US.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Social Isolation Loneliness

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Our main models use longitudinal structural equation modeling, multilevel structural equation modeling, and regression analysis. Further details are provided in the statistical analysis plan.
Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Investigators

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Experimental Arm

Participants are exposed to a brief psychoeducational video, guided instructions for creating if-then behavioral plans, a simulated social media platform with background content, and target messages within the platform that encourage in-person social interactions with strangers and acquaintances.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Experimental Health Communication

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants view a brief psychoeducational video about the value of connecting in-person with others and receive guided instructions for creating if-then behavioral plans for increasing moments of high-quality social connection. Over the next four weeks, they view messages on a simulated social media platform to encourage in-person, connections with strangers and acquaintances on a platform called Invibe. The Invibe feed will also have approximately 15 background posts each day from "users'" about their lives, including food, fitness, pets, and travel, common on social media platforms.

During the 4-week Invibe phase, after participants complete each Day Report, they will view the Invibe simulated social media feed. Participant exposure to each target message will be both passive, via that day's feed, and forced, via inclusion on the Day Report. Participants will see 12 social media messages during this 4-week phase, shown in random order within the first 3 daily posts.

Placebo Control Arm

Participants are exposed to a simulated social media platform with background content.

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Simulated Social Media Platform Only

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

To rule out placebo and nonspecific effects, the Keep Social RCT engenders positive expectations in all participants by promoting the use of Invibe as a beta social media platform to build and maintain social ties, a framing that mirrors information-as-usual for wellness through social media connections. Those in the Placebo Control condition receive no further health communication (view no psychoeducational video) and encounter all background content on Invibe (all target messages excluded) with control posts that feature unrelated content.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Experimental Health Communication

Participants view a brief psychoeducational video about the value of connecting in-person with others and receive guided instructions for creating if-then behavioral plans for increasing moments of high-quality social connection. Over the next four weeks, they view messages on a simulated social media platform to encourage in-person, connections with strangers and acquaintances on a platform called Invibe. The Invibe feed will also have approximately 15 background posts each day from "users'" about their lives, including food, fitness, pets, and travel, common on social media platforms.

During the 4-week Invibe phase, after participants complete each Day Report, they will view the Invibe simulated social media feed. Participant exposure to each target message will be both passive, via that day's feed, and forced, via inclusion on the Day Report. Participants will see 12 social media messages during this 4-week phase, shown in random order within the first 3 daily posts.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Simulated Social Media Platform Only

To rule out placebo and nonspecific effects, the Keep Social RCT engenders positive expectations in all participants by promoting the use of Invibe as a beta social media platform to build and maintain social ties, a framing that mirrors information-as-usual for wellness through social media connections. Those in the Placebo Control condition receive no further health communication (view no psychoeducational video) and encounter all background content on Invibe (all target messages excluded) with control posts that feature unrelated content.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Other Intervention Names

Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.

Educational Video, Simulated Social Media Platform, and Target Messages Placebo Control Communication

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Use social media
* Own a smartphone
* Reside in urban or suburban regions
* Meet one or more criteria for membership in a sociodemographic population with increased risk of adverse health outcomes in the U.S.: at least 500 participants who identity as Black or African American, at least 500 participants who identify as Hispanic, at least 500 participants with low subjective social status - i.e., who report a 5 or lower on the MacArthur Subjective Social Status (SSS) ladder). Groupings are not mutually exclusive.

Exclusion Criteria

* Reside in rural region
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

29 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Barbara L. Frederickson, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

United States

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Catalino LI, Boulton AJ. The Psychometric Properties of the Prioritizing Positivity Scale. J Pers Assess. 2021 Sep-Oct;103(5):705-715. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2020.1828433. Epub 2020 Nov 9.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33166185 (View on PubMed)

Hays RD, Spritzer KL, Schalet BD, Cella D. PROMIS(R)-29 v2.0 profile physical and mental health summary scores. Qual Life Res. 2018 Jul;27(7):1885-1891. doi: 10.1007/s11136-018-1842-3. Epub 2018 Mar 22.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29569016 (View on PubMed)

Heller AS, Shi TC, Ezie CEC, Reneau TR, Baez LM, Gibbons CJ, Hartley CA. Association between real-world experiential diversity and positive affect relates to hippocampal-striatal functional connectivity. Nat Neurosci. 2020 Jul;23(7):800-804. doi: 10.1038/s41593-020-0636-4. Epub 2020 May 18.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 32424287 (View on PubMed)

Keyes CL, Wissing M, Potgieter JP, Temane M, Kruger A, van Rooy S. Evaluation of the mental health continuum-short form (MHC-SF) in setswana-speaking South Africans. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2008 May-Jun;15(3):181-92. doi: 10.1002/cpp.572.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 19115439 (View on PubMed)

Lim S, Cortina LM. Interpersonal mistreatment in the workplace: the interface and impact of general incivility and sexual harassment. J Appl Psychol. 2005 May;90(3):483-96. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.90.3.483.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15910144 (View on PubMed)

Major BC, Le Nguyen KD, Lundberg KB, Fredrickson BL. Well-Being Correlates of Perceived Positivity Resonance: Evidence From Trait and Episode-Level Assessments. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2018 Dec;44(12):1631-1647. doi: 10.1177/0146167218771324. Epub 2018 May 13.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29756547 (View on PubMed)

Cyranowski JM, Zill N, Bode R, Butt Z, Kelly MA, Pilkonis PA, Salsman JM, Cella D. Assessing social support, companionship, and distress: National Institute of Health (NIH) Toolbox Adult Social Relationship Scales. Health Psychol. 2013 Mar;32(3):293-301. doi: 10.1037/a0028586.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23437856 (View on PubMed)

Reneau TR, Villano WJ, Jaso BA, Heller AS. The affective benefits of real-world exploration during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Psychopathol Clin Sci. 2024 Feb;133(2):167-177. doi: 10.1037/abn0000888. Epub 2023 Dec 14.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 38095970 (View on PubMed)

Waugh CE, Porth AP, Fang X, Sands LP, Kishida KT. What do we actually want to experience? A computational metric for assessing reward values. Res Sq [Preprint]. 2025 Feb 17:rs.3.rs-5875678. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5875678/v1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 40034432 (View on PubMed)

Lyubomirsky, S. The how of happiness: A scientific approach to getting the life you want. 2008. New York: Penguin Press

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Malone, GP, Pillow, DR, & Osman, A. The General Belongingness Scale (GBS): Assessing achieved belongingness. Personality and Individual Differences, 2012, 52(3), 311-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.10.027

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Salsman JM, Lai JS, Hendrie HC, Butt Z, Zill N, Pilkonis PA, Peterson C, Stoney CM, Brouwers P, Cella D. Assessing psychological well-being: self-report instruments for the NIH Toolbox. Qual Life Res. 2014 Feb;23(1):205-15. doi: 10.1007/s11136-013-0452-3. Epub 2013 Jun 16.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23771709 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

1R01MD018492-01

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

24-1184

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.

Intervening Early With Neglected Children
NCT02093052 UNKNOWN PHASE1/PHASE2
Interrupting Self-Harm Study
NCT03550521 WITHDRAWN NA