Trapezius Muscle Activation During Bilateral Scapular Retraction and Shoulder External Rotation Under Kinetic Chain and Unstable Surface Conditions
NCT ID: NCT07000773
Last Updated: 2025-06-03
Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
20 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2022-04-01
2024-01-01
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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This study will examine how adding kinetic chain involvement and instability influences the electromyographic activity of the upper trapezius (UT), middle trapezius (MT), and lower trapezius (LT) muscles during the BSR-SER exercise. Twenty healthy participants will perform the exercise in various lower extremity positions (standing, squat, lunge) and on both stable and unstable surfaces using a BOSU® ball. EMG data will be collected using a wireless surface EMG system and analyzed in terms of percentage of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC).
The results of this study may provide valuable insights into the optimization of scapular stabilization exercises and guide clinicians in designing more effective shoulder rehabilitation programs by incorporating kinetic chain principles and unstable surfaces.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
CROSSOVER
BASIC_SCIENCE
NONE
Study Groups
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Standing on Stable Surface
Participants perform the bilateral scapular retraction with shoulder external rotation (BSR-SER) exercise in a standing position on a stable surface using resistance bands.
Bilateral Scapular Retraction with Shoulder External Rotation (BSR-SER) Exercise
Participants perform the Bilateral Scapular Retraction with Shoulder External Rotation (BSR-SER) exercise using a resistance band. The exercise is conducted under various conditions including stable and unstable surfaces (using BOSU® balance trainer) and in three different lower limb positions: standing, lunge, and squat. Each condition is randomized, and participants complete all conditions in a crossover design. The intervention aims to evaluate trapezius muscle activation patterns during these exercises using surface electromyography (EMG).
Standing on Unstable Surface
Participants perform the BSR-SER exercise in a standing position on an unstable surface (BOSU®) using resistance bands.
Bilateral Scapular Retraction with Shoulder External Rotation (BSR-SER) Exercise
Participants perform the Bilateral Scapular Retraction with Shoulder External Rotation (BSR-SER) exercise using a resistance band. The exercise is conducted under various conditions including stable and unstable surfaces (using BOSU® balance trainer) and in three different lower limb positions: standing, lunge, and squat. Each condition is randomized, and participants complete all conditions in a crossover design. The intervention aims to evaluate trapezius muscle activation patterns during these exercises using surface electromyography (EMG).
Lunge Position on Stable Surface
Participants perform the BSR-SER exercise in a lunge position on a stable surface using resistance bands. Knee and trunk angles are standardized.
Bilateral Scapular Retraction with Shoulder External Rotation (BSR-SER) Exercise
Participants perform the Bilateral Scapular Retraction with Shoulder External Rotation (BSR-SER) exercise using a resistance band. The exercise is conducted under various conditions including stable and unstable surfaces (using BOSU® balance trainer) and in three different lower limb positions: standing, lunge, and squat. Each condition is randomized, and participants complete all conditions in a crossover design. The intervention aims to evaluate trapezius muscle activation patterns during these exercises using surface electromyography (EMG).
Lunge Position on Unstable Surface
Participants perform the BSR-SER exercise in a lunge position on an unstable surface (BOSU®) using resistance bands. Knee and trunk angles are standardized.
Bilateral Scapular Retraction with Shoulder External Rotation (BSR-SER) Exercise
Participants perform the Bilateral Scapular Retraction with Shoulder External Rotation (BSR-SER) exercise using a resistance band. The exercise is conducted under various conditions including stable and unstable surfaces (using BOSU® balance trainer) and in three different lower limb positions: standing, lunge, and squat. Each condition is randomized, and participants complete all conditions in a crossover design. The intervention aims to evaluate trapezius muscle activation patterns during these exercises using surface electromyography (EMG).
Squat Position on Stable Surface
Participants perform the BSR-SER exercise in a squat position on a stable surface using resistance bands. Knee and trunk angles are standardized.
Bilateral Scapular Retraction with Shoulder External Rotation (BSR-SER) Exercise
Participants perform the Bilateral Scapular Retraction with Shoulder External Rotation (BSR-SER) exercise using a resistance band. The exercise is conducted under various conditions including stable and unstable surfaces (using BOSU® balance trainer) and in three different lower limb positions: standing, lunge, and squat. Each condition is randomized, and participants complete all conditions in a crossover design. The intervention aims to evaluate trapezius muscle activation patterns during these exercises using surface electromyography (EMG).
Squat Position on Unstable Surface
Participants perform the BSR-SER exercise in a squat position on an unstable surface (BOSU®) using resistance bands. Knee and trunk angles are standardized.
Bilateral Scapular Retraction with Shoulder External Rotation (BSR-SER) Exercise
Participants perform the Bilateral Scapular Retraction with Shoulder External Rotation (BSR-SER) exercise using a resistance band. The exercise is conducted under various conditions including stable and unstable surfaces (using BOSU® balance trainer) and in three different lower limb positions: standing, lunge, and squat. Each condition is randomized, and participants complete all conditions in a crossover design. The intervention aims to evaluate trapezius muscle activation patterns during these exercises using surface electromyography (EMG).
Interventions
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Bilateral Scapular Retraction with Shoulder External Rotation (BSR-SER) Exercise
Participants perform the Bilateral Scapular Retraction with Shoulder External Rotation (BSR-SER) exercise using a resistance band. The exercise is conducted under various conditions including stable and unstable surfaces (using BOSU® balance trainer) and in three different lower limb positions: standing, lunge, and squat. Each condition is randomized, and participants complete all conditions in a crossover design. The intervention aims to evaluate trapezius muscle activation patterns during these exercises using surface electromyography (EMG).
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Body Mass Index (BMI) less than 30 kg/m²
Exclusion Criteria
* History of surgery in the spine, lower extremities, or upper extremities
* Experiencing pain in these regions within the past 6 weeks
* Having a rheumatologic, systemic, or metabolic disease
18 Years
35 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Gazi University
OTHER
Recep Tayyip Erdogan University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Gamze Çobanoğlu Demirkan
Research Assistant, PhD, Physiotherapist, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
Principal Investigators
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Gamze Cobanoglu Demirkan, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Gazi University
Locations
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Gazi University
Ankara, Çankaya, Turkey (Türkiye)
Countries
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References
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Colado JC, Garcia-Masso X, Triplett NT, Calatayud J, Flandez J, Behm D, Rogers ME. Construct and concurrent validation of a new resistance intensity scale for exercise with thera-band(R) elastic bands. J Sports Sci Med. 2014 Dec 1;13(4):758-66. eCollection 2014 Dec.
Ecemis ZB, Cobanoglu G, Oksuz BS, Kaya B, Guzel NA, Kafa B, Kafa N. Trapezius Muscle Electromyographic Activity in Lawn-Mower Exercise: Standing Versus Quadruped. J Sport Rehabil. 2024 Dec 10;34(4):436-442. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2023-0404. Print 2025 May 1.
Hermens HJ, Freriks B, Disselhorst-Klug C, Rau G. Development of recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2000 Oct;10(5):361-74. doi: 10.1016/s1050-6411(00)00027-4.
Cobanoglu G, Guzel NA, Ecemis ZB, Demirkan MY. Investigation of muscle activation during kinetic chain based exercises in individuals with and without forward head posture. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2024;37(6):1537-1549. doi: 10.3233/BMR-230397.
Kara D, Harput G, Duzgun I. Trapezius muscle activation levels and ratios during scapular retraction exercises: A comparative study between patients with subacromial impingement syndrome and healthy controls. Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2019 Jul;67:119-126. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2019.05.020. Epub 2019 May 11.
Melo ASC, Vilas-Boas JP, Cruz EB, Macedo RM, E Ferreira SB, Sousa AS. The influence of shoulder position during multi-joint exercises in the relative scapular muscles activity in symptomatic and asymptomatic conditions. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2023;36(4):883-893. doi: 10.3233/BMR-220056.
Uysal O, Akoglu AS, Kara D, Sezik AC, Calik M, Duzgun I. Theraband Applications for Improved Upper Extremity Wall-Slide Exercises. J Athl Train. 2022 Aug 1;57(8):795-803. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0305.21.
Mendez-Rebolledo G, Morales-Verdugo J, Orozco-Chavez I, Habechian FAP, Padilla EL, de la Rosa FJB. Optimal activation ratio of the scapular muscles in closed kinetic chain shoulder exercises: A systematic review. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2021;34(1):3-16. doi: 10.3233/BMR-191771.
Other Identifiers
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Gazi-BSR-SER
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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