Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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NOT_YET_RECRUITING
NA
22 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2025-05-01
2025-09-30
Brief Summary
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Patients who agree to participate in this research will be randomly assigned to two intervention sequences (AB or BA), where intervention A (experimental) corresponds to isometric exercises with BFR, and intervention B (control) corresponds to isometric exercises alone. For one week, each participant attended two sessions, separated by a 72-hours wash-out period. The primary variables will be the pressure pain threshold (PPT) and conditioned pain modulation (CPM). Secondary variables will be the pain intensity and distribution, kinesiophobia, upper extremity disability, and quality of life. Results will be measured before intervention (T1, pre-intervention), immediate after intervention (T2, post-intervention 1) and 10 minutes after intervention (T3, post-intervention 2).
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Detailed Description
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Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
CROSSOVER
TREATMENT
DOUBLE
Study Groups
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Isometric exercises with BFR (Intervention A)
Participants with arthroscopic rotator cuff repair will undergo to a physical therapy session using three isometric exercises with BFR
Isometric exercises
The three isometric exercises were performed without the addition of BFR following the best evidence recommendations. Each exercise was performed for 10 repetitions, with isometric contraction of 15 seconds followed by a rest period of 15 seconds, intensity with a load at 20-25% of the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), rest period after each exercise of 2 minutes, and pain level below 5 on the verbal Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS).
Isometric exercises with BFR
Participants will perform three isometric exercises with BFR. An auto-regulated portable BFRT SmartCuffs® 3.0 Pro system with a 17-inch long and 5-inch-wide cuff (Smart Tools Plus, United States), placed on the most proximal part of the arm, will be used. The session will begin with a maximal occlusion test to personalize the occlusion pressure to the participant. The limb occlusion pressure (LOP) will be set at 60% of the maximum occlusion pressure. Each exercise was performed for 10 repetitions, with isometric contraction of 15 seconds followed by a rest period of 15 seconds, intensity with a load at 20-25% of the MVIC, rest period after each exercise of 2 minutes with cuff deflated (reperfusion), and pain level below 5 on the NPRS.
Isometric exercises alone (Intervention B)
Participants with arthroscopic rotator cuff repair will undergo to a physical therapy session using three isometric exercises without BFR
Isometric exercises
The three isometric exercises were performed without the addition of BFR following the best evidence recommendations. Each exercise was performed for 10 repetitions, with isometric contraction of 15 seconds followed by a rest period of 15 seconds, intensity with a load at 20-25% of the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), rest period after each exercise of 2 minutes, and pain level below 5 on the verbal Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS).
Interventions
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Isometric exercises
The three isometric exercises were performed without the addition of BFR following the best evidence recommendations. Each exercise was performed for 10 repetitions, with isometric contraction of 15 seconds followed by a rest period of 15 seconds, intensity with a load at 20-25% of the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), rest period after each exercise of 2 minutes, and pain level below 5 on the verbal Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS).
Isometric exercises with BFR
Participants will perform three isometric exercises with BFR. An auto-regulated portable BFRT SmartCuffs® 3.0 Pro system with a 17-inch long and 5-inch-wide cuff (Smart Tools Plus, United States), placed on the most proximal part of the arm, will be used. The session will begin with a maximal occlusion test to personalize the occlusion pressure to the participant. The limb occlusion pressure (LOP) will be set at 60% of the maximum occlusion pressure. Each exercise was performed for 10 repetitions, with isometric contraction of 15 seconds followed by a rest period of 15 seconds, intensity with a load at 20-25% of the MVIC, rest period after each exercise of 2 minutes with cuff deflated (reperfusion), and pain level below 5 on the NPRS.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Symptomatic degenerative rotator cuff tear diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging.
* Undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair
* Be able to read and understand Spanish.
Exclusion Criteria
* Suspicion of developing/diagnosis a frozen shoulder.
* Revision surgery after RC repair.
* Previous corticosteroid injection (\< 1 year).
* Recent surgery (\< 1 year) in the contralateral shoulder.
* A history of deep venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolism.
* Peripheral vascular disease, thrombophilia or clotting disorders.
* Severe or uncontrolled hypertension, or any comorbid condition that prevents participants from complete the intervention.
40 Years
65 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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University of Valencia
OTHER
Responsible Party
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José Casaña Granell
Professor of Physiotherapy
Principal Investigators
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Felipe Ponce-Fuentes, MSc
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Universidad Mayor
Jose Casaña, PhD
Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
University of Valencia
Joaquin Calatayud, PhD
Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
University of Valencia
Filip Struyf, PhD
Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
Universiteit Antwerpen
Locations
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Clínica RedSalud Mayor
Temuco, Cautín, Chile
Countries
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Central Contacts
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Facility Contacts
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References
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Hughes L, Patterson SD. The effect of blood flow restriction exercise on exercise-induced hypoalgesia and endogenous opioid and endocannabinoid mechanisms of pain modulation. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2020 Apr 1;128(4):914-924. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00768.2019. Epub 2020 Feb 27.
Kuppens K, Struyf F, Nijs J, Cras P, Fransen E, Hermans L, Meeus M, Roussel N. Exercise- and Stress-Induced Hypoalgesia in Musicians with and without Shoulder Pain: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Study. Pain Physician. 2016 Feb;19(2):59-68.
Patterson SD, Hughes L, Warmington S, Burr J, Scott BR, Owens J, Abe T, Nielsen JL, Libardi CA, Laurentino G, Neto GR, Brandner C, Martin-Hernandez J, Loenneke J. Blood Flow Restriction Exercise: Considerations of Methodology, Application, and Safety. Front Physiol. 2019 May 15;10:533. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00533. eCollection 2019.
Ogrezeanu DC, Lopez-Bueno L, Sanchis-Sanchez E, Suso-Marti L, Lopez-Bueno R, Nunez-Cortes R, Cruz-Montecinos C, Perez-Alenda S, Casana J, Gargallo P, Calatayud J. Exercise-induced hypoalgesia with end-stage knee osteoarthritis during different blood flow restriction levels: Sham-controlled crossover study. PM R. 2023 Dec;15(12):1565-1573. doi: 10.1002/pmrj.13076. Epub 2023 Dec 8.
Korakakis V, Whiteley R, Epameinontidis K. Blood Flow Restriction induces hypoalgesia in recreationally active adult male anterior knee pain patients allowing therapeutic exercise loading. Phys Ther Sport. 2018 Jul;32:235-243. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2018.05.021. Epub 2018 May 31.
Rice D, Nijs J, Kosek E, Wideman T, Hasenbring MI, Koltyn K, Graven-Nielsen T, Polli A. Exercise-Induced Hypoalgesia in Pain-Free and Chronic Pain Populations: State of the Art and Future Directions. J Pain. 2019 Nov;20(11):1249-1266. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2019.03.005. Epub 2019 Mar 21.
Vaegter HB, Jones MD. Exercise-induced hypoalgesia after acute and regular exercise: experimental and clinical manifestations and possible mechanisms in individuals with and without pain. Pain Rep. 2020 Sep 23;5(5):e823. doi: 10.1097/PR9.0000000000000823. eCollection 2020 Sep-Oct.
Wewege MA, Jones MD. Exercise-Induced Hypoalgesia in Healthy Individuals and People With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pain. 2021 Jan;22(1):21-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2020.04.003. Epub 2020 Jun 26.
Kjaer BH, Magnusson SP, Henriksen M, Warming S, Boyle E, Krogsgaard MR, Al-Hamdani A, Juul-Kristensen B. Effects of 12 Weeks of Progressive Early Active Exercise Therapy After Surgical Rotator Cuff Repair: 12 Weeks and 1-Year Results From the CUT-N-MOVE Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Sports Med. 2021 Feb;49(2):321-331. doi: 10.1177/0363546520983823. Epub 2021 Jan 20.
Other Identifiers
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P-5.2025
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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