Competitive Swimming and Shoulder Adaptations: The Role of Stroke Specialty in Adolescent Swimmers
NCT ID: NCT06909864
Last Updated: 2025-04-04
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
76 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
2019-10-16
2021-10-16
Brief Summary
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Design: Observational study.
Setting: Athletic facilities.
Participants: A total of 76 adolescents participated including n = 28 non-swimmers as Control Group (CG) and n = 48 competitive swimmers as Swimmers Group (SWG).
Main Outcome Measures: Strength of glenohumeral (GH) and scapular muscles (SM), mobility of GH (GH ROMs) joint, proprioception, pectoralis minor length (PML), posterior shoulder tightness (PST) were evaluated for all participants. Kerlan Jobe Orthopaedic Score (KJOC) was sed to evaluate for SWG. The tested shoulder physical performance parameters were compared between the groups.
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Detailed Description
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Conditions
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Study Design
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CASE_CONTROL
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Study Groups
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Swimming Group (SWG)
The asymptomatic swimmers with no history of major upper limb injury or surgery and no injury history of upper limb in last 6 months, having experience in at least 5 years competitive swimming, actively participating in competitive swimming at least 1 year, competing at least in national level and having swimming stroke specialization in competitive swimming were included
No interventions assigned to this group
Control Group (CG)
The non-athlete peers with no competed in overhead sports like swimming, basketball, volleyball, tennis, baseball as professional or recreational, no history of major upper limb injury or surgery and no injury history in last 6 months participated in this study.
No interventions assigned to this group
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* the asymptomatic swimmers with no history of major upper limb injury or surgery and no injury history of upper limb in last 6 months
* having experience in at least 5 years competitive swimming,
* actively participating in competitive swimming at least 1 year,
* competing at least in national level and having swimming stroke specialization in competitive swimming
* aged between 13 to 18 years,
* no competed in overhead sports like swimming, basketball, volleyball, tennis, baseball as professional or recreational,
* no history of major upper limb injury or surgery in last 6 months.
Exclusion Criteria
* a BMI of 30 kg/m² or greater than 30 kg/m²,
* competing in paralympic sports,
* if they had any major upper limb injuries or surgeries,
* if they had any systemic, neurological or rheumatological diseases,
* being pre-pubertal stage (Tanner I) according to Tanner Scale,
* indicated their unwillingness to participate to this study.
13 Years
18 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Hacettepe University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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SERCAN YILLI
Clinical Physical Therapist
Locations
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Cebeci Sports Complex
Istanbul, , Turkey (Türkiye)
Countries
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References
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McClure P, Tate AR, Kareha S, Irwin D, Zlupko E. A clinical method for identifying scapular dyskinesis, part 1: reliability. J Athl Train. 2009 Mar-Apr;44(2):160-4. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-44.2.160.
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Other Identifiers
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GO 19/823
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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