Real-world Experience of Oral Agents On Fatigability in Multiple Sclerosis
NCT ID: NCT06843382
Last Updated: 2025-11-21
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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NOT_YET_RECRUITING
100 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
2025-11-20
2027-06-15
Brief Summary
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Participants starting either teriflunomide or dimethyl fumarate as part of routine clinical care will be followed for 12 months at regular visits (baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months). At each visit, standardized assessments will measure walking endurance, gait performance, hand function, and information-processing speed. Patient-reported outcomes about fatigue, mood, quality of life, and daily functioning will also be collected. Brain MRI scans performed as part of usual care will be reviewed to document disease activity.
The goal of the ROOF-MS study is to understand whether these two therapies differ in their impact on physical and cognitive fatigability, functional outcomes, symptom burden, and real-world treatment adherence. Because this is an observational study, no experimental treatments are given, and all clinical decisions remain the responsibility of the treating physicians.
By examining fatigability in everyday clinical settings, this study aims to generate evidence that can help patients, families, and health care providers make more informed treatment decisions.
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Detailed Description
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Fatigability represents an objective performance decline during sustained motor or cognitive activity and provides information that is complementary to subjective fatigue ratings. To quantify physical fatigability, the study applies a structured 6-Minute Walk Test protocol in which distance covered during each minute is recorded. The primary physical fatigability index (DWI6-1) is calculated as the percentage change between the first and sixth minutes, enabling sensitive detection of time-dependent gait deterioration. Cognitive fatigability is quantified via a timed Symbol Digit Modalities Test procedure in which correct responses are recorded at three consecutive 30-second intervals. The Cognitive Fatigability Index (CFI-SDMT) reflects the proportional change between early and late test performance. Both indices allow continuous modeling of longitudinal trajectories and group differences.
All assessments are performed at baseline (within 30 days of treatment initiation) and at months 3, 6, 9, and 12. Functional performance measures (6MWT total distance, Timed 25-Foot Walk, Nine-Hole Peg Test), clinical evaluations (EDSS), patient-reported outcomes (FIS, TSQM, HADS), and MRI findings obtained during routine care are incorporated to contextualize patterns of fatigability. Test administration is standardized across centers through written manuals and joint training sessions. To minimize diurnal variability, fatigability tests are scheduled at approximately the same time of day for each participant.
Because the study is non-interventional, treatment decisions-including drug choice, dosing, and management of side effects-are determined solely by treating physicians. Data are recorded in a secure electronic capture platform using coded identifiers, with center-level access restrictions and prospective time-locked entry to maintain data integrity. All analyses follow a predefined statistical plan using mixed-effects modeling with participant- and center-level random effects to account for repeated measures and between-center heterogeneity.
This study aims to clarify real-world differences in fatigability trajectories between teriflunomide and dimethyl fumarate and to determine how these trajectories relate to functional performance, symptomatic burden, radiological disease activity, and treatment adherence in routine MS care.
Conditions
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Study Design
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COHORT
PROSPECTIVE
Study Groups
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Teriflunomide Cohort
Participants with relapsing multiple sclerosis who initiate teriflunomide as part of routine clinical care. Individuals in this cohort undergo standardized assessments of physical and cognitive fatigability, functional performance, clinical status, patient-reported outcomes, and routinely obtained MRI findings at baseline and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. No experimental treatment is administered, and all therapeutic decisions remain under the responsibility of the treating physician.
No interventions assigned to this group
Dimethyl Fumarate Cohort
Participants with relapsing multiple sclerosis who initiate dimethyl fumarate as part of routine clinical care. Individuals in this cohort complete standardized evaluations of physical and cognitive fatigability, functional performance, clinical status, patient-reported outcomes, and routinely acquired MRI measures at baseline and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. No experimental intervention is provided, and all treatment decisions are made independently by the treating physician.
No interventions assigned to this group
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* 18 years or older at the time of enrollment.
* Newly initiated teriflunomide treatment as part of routine clinical care.
* Ambulatory status (EDSS ≤ 7.0), capable of completing study assessments.
* Ability and willingness to provide informed consent and comply with study procedures.
Exclusion Criteria
* Severe comorbidities affecting mobility or cognitive function (e.g., advanced cardiovascular, pulmonary, or neuromuscular disease).
* Neurological or psychiatric conditions that prevent cognitive testing (e.g., advanced cognitive impairment, untreated severe depression).
* Severe upper extremity motor dysfunction, limiting 9-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) or Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) completion.
* Pregnancy or breastfeeding at the time of enrollment.
* Inability to comply with study visits at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months.
18 Years
75 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Sakarya University
OTHER
Kocaeli University
OTHER
Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital
OTHER_GOV
TC Erciyes University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Mehmet Fatih Yetkin
Principal Investigator, Head of Multiple Sclerosis Unit of Erciyes University
Principal Investigators
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Husnu Efendi, Prof.
Role: STUDY_CHAIR
Kocaeli University
Mehmet Fatih Yetkin Assoc. Prof. MD, Assoc. Prof.
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
TC Erciyes University
Locations
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Erciyes University
Kayseri, , Turkey (Türkiye)
Countries
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Central Contacts
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Facility Contacts
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References
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Comi G, Freedman MS, Meca-Lallana JE, Vermersch P, Kim BJ, Parajeles A, Edwards KR, Gold R, Korideck H, Chavin J, Poole EM, Coyle PK. Prior treatment status: impact on the efficacy and safety of teriflunomide in multiple sclerosis. BMC Neurol. 2020 Oct 6;20(1):364. doi: 10.1186/s12883-020-01937-4.
Berkovich R, Negroski D, Wynn D, Sellers D, Bzdek KG, Lublin AL, Rawlings AM, Quach C, Wells DP, Dumlao M, Bora A, Ranno AE, Luo KL, Chavin J, Hua LH, Becker D. Effectiveness and safety of switching to teriflunomide in older patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis: A real-world retrospective multicenter analysis. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2023 Feb;70:104472. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.104472. Epub 2022 Dec 18.
Bencsik K, Dobos E, Jobbagy Z, Birkas AJ, Kovacs K, Satori M, Lencses G, Bartok G, Losonczi E, Vecsei L, On Behalf Of The Teri-Real Investigators. Real-World Evidence for Favourable Quality-of-Life Outcomes in Hungarian Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Treated for Two Years with Oral Teriflunomide: Results of the Teri-REAL Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022 May 13;15(5):598. doi: 10.3390/ph15050598.
Elkhooly M, Bao F, Bernitsas E. Impact of Disease Modifying Therapy on MS-Related Fatigue: A Narrative Review. Brain Sci. 2023 Dec 20;14(1):4. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14010004.
Meca-Lallana JE, Prieto Gonzalez JM, Caminero Rodriguez AB, Olascoaga Urtaza J, Alonso AM, Duran Ferreras E, Espinosa R, Dotor J, Romera M, Ares Luque A, Perez Ruiz D, Calles C, Hernandez MA, Hervas Garcia M, Mendoza Rodriguez A, Berdei Montero Y, Tellez N, Herrera Varo N, Sotoca J, Presas-Rodriguez S, Querol Gutierrez LA, Hervas Pujol M, Batlle Nadal J, Martin Ozaeta G, Gubieras Lillo L, Martinez Yelamos S, Ramio-Torrenta L, Mallada Frechin J, Belenguer Benavides A, Gascon-Gimenez F, Casanova B, Landete Pascual L, Berenguer L, Navarro L, Gomez Gutierrez M, Duran C, Rodriguez Regal A, Alvarez E, Garcia-Estevez DA, Lopez Real AM, Llaneza Gonzalez MA, Marzo Sola ME, Sanchez-Menoyo JL, Oterino A, Villaverde Gonzalez R, Castillo-Trivino T, Alvarez de Arcaya A, Llarena C. Effectiveness and Safety of Teriflunomide in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis and Improvements in Quality of Life: Results from the Real-World TERICARE Study. Neurol Ther. 2023 Dec;12(6):2177-2193. doi: 10.1007/s40120-023-00557-7. Epub 2023 Oct 20.
Strosova D, Tuzil J, Turkova BV, Pilnackova BF, de Souza LL, Dolezalova H, Raskova M, Dufek M, Dolezal T. Relationship between Patient Preferences, Attitudes to Treatment, Adherence, and Quality of Life in New Users of Teriflunomide. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022 Oct 11;15(10):1248. doi: 10.3390/ph15101248.
Miller AE. An updated review of teriflunomide's use in multiple sclerosis. Neurodegener Dis Manag. 2021 Oct;11(5):387-409. doi: 10.2217/nmt-2021-0014. Epub 2021 Sep 16.
Coyle PK, Khatri B, Edwards KR, Meca-Lallana JE, Cavalier S, Rufi P, Benamor M, Thangavelu K, Robinson M, Gold R; Teri-PRO Trial Group. Patient-reported outcomes in patients with relapsing forms of MS switching to teriflunomide from other disease-modifying therapies: Results from the global Phase 4 Teri-PRO study in routine clinical practice. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2018 Nov;26:211-218. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.09.017. Epub 2018 Sep 15.
Hestvik ALK, Frederiksen JL, Nielsen HH, Torkildsen O, Eek C, Huang-Link Y, Haghighi S, Tsai JA, Kant M. Real-world study of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients treated with Teriflunomide in Nordic countries: Quality-Of-Life, efficacy, safety and adherence outcomes. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022 Jul;63:103892. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103892. Epub 2022 May 16.
de Seze J, Devy R, Planque E, Delabrousse-Mayoux JP, Vandhuick O, Kabir M, Gherib A. Fatigue in teriflunomide-treated patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis in the real-world Teri-FAST study. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2021 Jan;47:102659. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102659. Epub 2020 Nov 28.
Garnock-Jones KP. Teriflunomide: a review of its use in relapsing multiple sclerosis. CNS Drugs. 2013 Dec;27(12):1103-23. doi: 10.1007/s40263-013-0118-2.
Other Identifiers
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ROOF-MS
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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