Translation, Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Italian Version of Functional Rating Index in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain

NCT ID: NCT06793254

Last Updated: 2025-01-27

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

104 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2022-06-01

Study Completion Date

2025-01-19

Brief Summary

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Chronic Low Back Pain (cLBP) is a global health issue lasting more than 3 months, where a clear pathologic and anatomic cause of pain is not recognized. Various personal and psychosocial factors can influence the onset and chronicity of low back pain.

The Functional Rating Index (FRI) is a self-administered questionnaire composed by 10 items, scored from 0 (better condition) to 4 (worst condition), that evaluate pain, sleep, work and daily activity. The FRI's final score ranges from 0% to 100% (no disability to severe disability). The aim of the study is to translate, culturally adapt and validate the FRI in Italian (I-FRI).

Detailed Description

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Chronic Low Back Pain (cLBP) is a global health issue lasting more than 3 months, where a clear pathologic and anatomic cause of pain is not recognized. Various personal and psychosocial factors can influence the onset and chronicity of low back pain. An outcome measure, in a specific context, refers to a quantifiable or observable variable used to assess and evaluate the results or effects of a particular intervention, treatment, program, or research study. The choice of appropriate outcome measures is critical in research and evaluation because it directly influences the validity and reliability of the results. There are already other validated scales translated in Italian for the evaluation of patients with cLBP, such as the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI-I). The Functional Rating Index (FRI) is a self-administered questionnaire composed by 10 items, scored from 0 (better condition) to 4 (worst condition), that evaluate pain, sleep, work and daily activity. The FRI's final score ranges from 0% to 100% (no disability to severe disability).

The aim of the study is to translate, culturally adapt and validate the FRI in Italian (I-FRI). 104 patients were recruited for this study following inclusion/exclusion criteria. After signing the informed consent, each participant completed I-FRI, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). All the patients have done the I-FRI re-test after 7 days from the first test administration.

All statistical analyses have been performed using IBM-SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 23.00.

The results have been analyzed through the calculation of the Cronbach's alpha, the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and the Pearson's correlation coefficient.

Conditions

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Low Back Pain

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

CROSS_SECTIONAL

Interventions

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This is a non-interventional study

None (this is a non-interventional study)

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Chronic Low Back Pain
* Adult age
* Reading/speaking Italian.

Exclusion Criteria

* Acute low back pain (lasting up to 4 weeks) or subacute low back pain (lasting up to 12 weeks).
* Cognitive impairment.
* Disabling pathological conditions.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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University of Cagliari

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Salvatore Simone Vullo, MD

Doctor

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Salvatore Simone Vullo

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Dottor

Locations

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Salvatore Simone Vullo

Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy

Site Status

Countries

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Italy

References

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Clark S, Horton R. Low back pain: a major global challenge. Lancet. 2018 Jun 9;391(10137):2302. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30725-6. Epub 2018 Mar 21. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29573869 (View on PubMed)

Hartvigsen J, Hancock MJ, Kongsted A, Louw Q, Ferreira ML, Genevay S, Hoy D, Karppinen J, Pransky G, Sieper J, Smeets RJ, Underwood M; Lancet Low Back Pain Series Working Group. What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet. 2018 Jun 9;391(10137):2356-2367. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30480-X. Epub 2018 Mar 21.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29573870 (View on PubMed)

Hoy D, Bain C, Williams G, March L, Brooks P, Blyth F, Woolf A, Vos T, Buchbinder R. A systematic review of the global prevalence of low back pain. Arthritis Rheum. 2012 Jun;64(6):2028-37. doi: 10.1002/art.34347. Epub 2012 Jan 9.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22231424 (View on PubMed)

Dagenais S, Caro J, Haldeman S. A systematic review of low back pain cost of illness studies in the United States and internationally. Spine J. 2008 Jan-Feb;8(1):8-20. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2007.10.005.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 18164449 (View on PubMed)

Makris UE, Higashi RT, Marks EG, Fraenkel L, Gill TM, Friedly JL, Reid MC. Physical, Emotional, and Social Impacts of Restricting Back Pain in Older Adults: A Qualitative Study. Pain Med. 2017 Jul 1;18(7):1225-1235. doi: 10.1093/pm/pnw196.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27516362 (View on PubMed)

Feise RJ, Michael Menke J. Functional rating index: a new valid and reliable instrument to measure the magnitude of clinical change in spinal conditions. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001 Jan 1;26(1):78-86; discussion 87. doi: 10.1097/00007632-200101010-00015.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 11148650 (View on PubMed)

Monticone M, Giorgi I, Baiardi P, Barbieri M, Rocca B, Bonezzi C. Development of the Italian version of the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-I): cross-cultural adaptation, factor analysis, reliability, and validity. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010 May 20;35(12):1241-6. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181bfcbf6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 20216338 (View on PubMed)

Monticone M, Baiardi P, Ferrari S, Foti C, Mugnai R, Pillastrini P, Rocca B, Vanti C. Development of the Italian version of the Pain Catastrophising Scale (PCS-I): cross-cultural adaptation, factor analysis, reliability, validity and sensitivity to change. Qual Life Res. 2012 Aug;21(6):1045-50. doi: 10.1007/s11136-011-0007-4. Epub 2011 Sep 13.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21912846 (View on PubMed)

Fairbank JC, Couper J, Davies JB, O'Brien JP. The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire. Physiotherapy. 1980 Aug;66(8):271-3. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 6450426 (View on PubMed)

Childs JD, Piva SR, Fritz JM. Responsiveness of the numeric pain rating scale in patients with low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005 Jun 1;30(11):1331-4. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000164099.92112.29.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15928561 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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I-FRI

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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