HVIP Outcomes and Stakeholder Insights

NCT ID: NCT06582953

Last Updated: 2025-10-21

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: RECRUITING
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 220 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2024-12-05
• Study Completion Date: 2027-11-30

Brief Summary

The study's goal is to perform an evaluation of a Southeastern hospital violence intervention program (HVIP) that includes comprehensive patient outcomes, perceived benefits and opportunities for improvement of an HVIP from the perspectives of multiple stakeholders including patients, family members and healthcare providers.

Detailed Description

Evidence demonstrates that hospital violence intervention programs (HVIPs) reduce violent injury recidivism, PTSD symptoms, improve receipt of supportive services, and demonstrate cost-savings for the healthcare system. However, it is unknown if these outcomes can be replicated in under-studied communities in the Southeast (S.E.) where few HVIPs have been implemented, and other potentially valuable outcomes remain unexamined. These may include but are not limited to, improvement in patients' healthcare experiences, self-confidence, violence risk reduction, and overall recovery. In addition, multi-sector stakeholder perspectives on how HVIPs can improve or expand to better meet communities' needs are lacking in the literature. For instance, family members and loved ones are often supported by HVIP services, but little is known about how they benefit from the intervention. Also, HVIPs integrate into the healthcare team, augmenting the care provided by the clinical staff. Little is known about how healthcare teams benefit from the work of HVIPs or how the quality of care provided is influenced by these programs. These questions are imperative to informing the implementation of HVIPs and how success might be better defined through a public health lens that considers outcomes beyond violent injury recidivism for patients, families, healthcare systems, and communities.

Further, evaluating HVIPs in under-studied communities is critical to advancing the model's evidence base, especially in communities where violence intervention investment remains low. The S.E. U.S., for example, experiences a disproportionate burden of firearm homicide, but few hospitals have adopted HVIPs. S.E. trauma centers and HVIPs uniquely serve large urban and rural geographic areas that face complex racial and economic disparities yet have fewer investments in violence prevention and safety net policies and services.

Investigators propose conducting a comprehensive evaluation of an established HVIP (Turning the Tide Violence Intervention Program, TTVIP) at an academic, non-profit level 1 trauma center in Charleston, SC that serves youth and young adult victims of community and interpersonal violence in Charleston, Dorchester, and Berkeley Counties. Most patients served by the TTVIP are victims of firearm injury (>90%), reside in the cities of Charleston and North Charleston - the latter of which ranks among U.S. cities with the highest firearm assault and homicide rates - and are disproportionately young Black males from neighborhoods with high deprivation and are Medicaid funded or uninsured. This study will advance the knowledge on HVIP outcomes, implementation from the perspective of survivors, families and healthcare team members, in addition to examining the impact of an HVIP in a S.E. state that disproportionately experiences firearm violence. The study's goal is to perform an evaluation of a S.E. HVIP (TTVIP) that includes comprehensive patient outcomes, perceived benefits of HVIPs from the perspectives of multiple stakeholders, and opportunities for HVIP improvement.

Aim 1: Assess healthcare experience, supportive service utilization, violence risk, mental health outcomes, self-confidence, perceived risk of violence and re-injury among violently injured youth and young adults, including TTVIP enrolled patients and non-enrolled patients. Investigators hypothesize that individuals that experienced violent injury and enrolled in the TTVIP will report a) more positive perception of their healthcare experience, b) higher service utilization, c) lower rates of depression and PTSD, d) lower risk of violence, e) higher confidence, and f) lower rates of violent and non-violent re-injury compared to non-enrolled victims of violence. Investigators anticipate similar rates of perceived violence risk between the two groups.

Aim 2: Examine perceptions of HVIP services, benefits, and recommendations for service improvement among HVIP enrollees and their primary caregivers/loved ones.

Aim 3: Assess perceptions of HVIP services, benefits to the healthcare team and patients, and recommendations for service improvements among healthcare staff.

Conditions

Firearm Injury; Violence, Physical

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NA
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Patients, family members and healthcare providers

Patients that experience violent injuries or are high risk of violence between ages of 15-35 and treated at MUSC Charleston will be enrolled. The hospital violence intervention program is incorporated into regular care of patients, and they may opt to receive services from the program (TTVIP) if they qualify and opt to participate. There is no randomization or assignment. Investigators will assess outcomes of these patients and outcomes will be assessed for between group differences between those that receive services from the program and those that do not. Patient family members and healthcare providers that care for patients will be included and are exposed to the regular healthcare and services provided to patients.

Group Type: OTHER

Turning the Tide Violence Intervention Program (hospital violence intervention program)

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

TTVIP is already integrated into the regular care of patients who are violently injured and treated at MUSC Charleston. Client advocates provide immediate support, help with communication and provide anti-retaliation messaging to victims of violence and their families, in addition to helping support their healthcare. Patients that opt to be followed for long-term wrap-around services and live in the surrounding 3-county area are supported for months (up to 1 year) after injury and provided mentorship, service referrals (i.e. education, employment, substance abuse, injury recovery, pro-social activities, housing) and mental health services.

Interventions

Turning the Tide Violence Intervention Program (hospital violence intervention program)

TTVIP is already integrated into the regular care of patients who are violently injured and treated at MUSC Charleston. Client advocates provide immediate support, help with communication and provide anti-retaliation messaging to victims of violence and their families, in addition to helping support their healthcare. Patients that opt to be followed for long-term wrap-around services and live in the surrounding 3-county area are supported for months (up to 1 year) after injury and provided mentorship, service referrals (i.e. education, employment, substance abuse, injury recovery, pro-social activities, housing) and mental health services.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Patients ages 16-35 treated at MUSC Charleston that experience an injury due to interpersonal or community violence
• Glasgow coma score (GCS) of 15 at the time of study enrollment

-Loved ones (partners), caregivers and family members of patients that enroll in the study that experienced violent injuries

-Healthcare team members that cared for victims of violence in the past 6 months

Exclusion Criteria

• Lack of capacity to consent due to altered mental status (AMS) or severe untreated mental illness
• Being under arrest or incarcerated at the time of assessment for enrollment
• Non-English speaking patients
• Ages under 15, over 35

• Non-English speaking
• Cognitive impairment
• Under age 16

• Minimum Eligible Age: 16 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Kaiser Permanente

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Medical University of South Carolina

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Ashley Hink, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Medical University of South Carolina

Locations

Medical University of South Carolina

Charleston, South Carolina, United States

Site Status: RECRUITING

Countries

United States

Central Contacts

Ashley Hink, MD

Role: CONTACT

hink@musc.edu

843-792-7082

Facility Contacts

Ashley Hink, MD, MPH

Role: primary

hink@musc.edu

843-792-6304

Other Identifiers

Pro00138225

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id