Improving Motor Skills: The Role of Music and Encouragement

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

25 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2022-07-01

Study Completion Date

2024-03-15

Brief Summary

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This study used a randomised crossover design to analyse the effect of three different experimental interventions - i.e. standard conditions, music and verbal encouragement - on performance in an isometric endurance task, comparing results between untrained and trained individuals. The interval between each intervention was set at seven days. The outcome measures are muscle activity and fatigue, assessed by surface electromyography, and task duration.

Isometric endurance task requires participants to keep their arm flexed at a 90° angle while holding a dumbbell with a supine grip loaded to 80% of 1RM on the dominant side of the body. During execution, the back and head should remain in contact with a vertical wall, with the feet shoulder width apart and firmly planted on the floor. The bar is held with the dominant arm while the other arm remains in a neutral position close to the body. It is imperative to avoid any form of rocking or movement that would make it easier to maintain the position. The test officially begins when the bar is handed to the subject, who is already in the correct position, and ends as soon as the angle of the arm varies by more than five degrees from the starting position.

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Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Healthy

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

Primary Study Purpose

OTHER

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Task with music

Endurance isometric exercise performed to selected music.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Isometric Task

Intervention Type OTHER

The exercise required participants to keep their arm flexed at a 90° angle while holding a dumbbell loaded to 80% of their 1RM (One Rep Max) in a supine position on the dominant side of the body for as long as possible.

Task with verbal encouragement

Endurance isometric exercise performed with verbal encouragement.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Isometric Task

Intervention Type OTHER

The exercise required participants to keep their arm flexed at a 90° angle while holding a dumbbell loaded to 80% of their 1RM (One Rep Max) in a supine position on the dominant side of the body for as long as possible.

Task without motivational feedback

Task without motivational feedback.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Isometric Task

Intervention Type OTHER

The exercise required participants to keep their arm flexed at a 90° angle while holding a dumbbell loaded to 80% of their 1RM (One Rep Max) in a supine position on the dominant side of the body for as long as possible.

Interventions

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Isometric Task

The exercise required participants to keep their arm flexed at a 90° angle while holding a dumbbell loaded to 80% of their 1RM (One Rep Max) in a supine position on the dominant side of the body for as long as possible.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

To be included in the study, candidates had to be in good general health, with no medical conditions that could interfere with their ability to perform the test safely and effectively. In addition, to be considered trained, participants had to have performed 150 minutes per week of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity, in addition to muscle-strengthening activities, on at least two days per week. Those who did not meet this standard were considered untrained.

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