Electromyographic Analysis of Scapular Muscles During Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises

NCT ID: NCT06274827

Last Updated: 2024-02-26

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 22 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-09-25
• Study Completion Date: 2023-06-20

Brief Summary

In shoulder rehabilitation, the inclusion of kinetic chain exercises is advocated in order to provide the necessary energy transfer to produce optimal force with minimal energy consumption. Closed kinetic chain (CKC) exercises are defined as exercises in which the distal segment is stabilized by encountering significant resistance while the proximal segment moves. In contrast, open kinetic chain (OKC) exercises allow the distal segment to move freely without any resistance. Recently, the importance of closed kinetic chain (CKC) exercises has increased in enhancing shoulder joint neuromuscular control by improving dynamic shoulder stability and joint position sense.

The most current shoulder rehabilitation protocols include exercises for restoration of scapular muscle imbalances.There exist studies investigating the levels of scapular muscle activation during CKC exercises. Researchers have shown that most CKC exercises especially push-ups and plank variations with the shoulder in the 90° position, generally provide high SA activity and an optimal UT/SA ratio.In the literature, there is limited information on how the level of shoulder elevation affects scapular muscle activity and ratio during closed kinetic chain exercises in the prone position. To effectively prescribe CKC exercises commonly used in rehabilitation and athletic programs, a clear understanding of shoulder elevation changes muscle activity during these exercises is required.

Our hypothesis is that glenohumeral joint elevation status will alter scapular muscle activation and activation rates.

Detailed Description

Twenty-two healthy male individuals to recruited in the study. Conducting a power analysis through G∗Power, considering a moderate effect size (f = 0.25), an alpha level of 0.05, and a power of 0.8. The outcome of this analysis indicated a required minimum sample size of 21 individuals. This study was used a randomized, repeated measures cross-over design. Muscle activation levels during maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of each muscle (Upper trapezius, Middle trapezius, Lower trapezius, Serratus anterior) will be recorded to normalize muscle activation levels during closed kinetic chain exercises. Muscle activation levels will be evaluated with a surface electromyography device (Noraxon, Myomotion, USA).

Conditions

Shoulder Pain; Shoulder Injuries; Activation, Patient

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NA
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Superficial electromyography

Electrode placement was performed on the participants' dominant side UT, MT, LT, and SA muscles. Following this, superficial electromyography measurements were performed during maximal voluntary isometric contraction tests and six different upper extremity closed kinetic chain exercises.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Superficial Electromyography

Intervention Type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

For all MVICs, five seconds of each repetition were included in the analysis and the maximum value of three repetitions was taken. For all exercises, the middle 3 seconds of the 5 second data collection period were included in the analysis and the average muscle activation level of the three repetitions was recorded. The average signal amplitude of each exercise was divided by the MVIC of each muscle of interest to obtain the %MVIC value.

Interventions

Superficial Electromyography

For all MVICs, five seconds of each repetition were included in the analysis and the maximum value of three repetitions was taken. For all exercises, the middle 3 seconds of the 5 second data collection period were included in the analysis and the average muscle activation level of the three repetitions was recorded. The average signal amplitude of each exercise was divided by the MVIC of each muscle of interest to obtain the %MVIC value.

Intervention Type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Other Intervention Names

sEMG

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Physically active male individuals (self-reported participating in 150 minutes per week of moderate-vigorous aerobic activity)
• Being between 18-30 years old
• Having full range of motion of shoulder without pain
• Having a body mass index less than 30 kg\m2.

Exclusion Criteria

• Having pain in any kinetic chain of the body, had history of any musculoskeletal problems or orthopaedic surgery,
• Having symptoms in at least one of the screening tests (Hawkins-Kennedy, Neer, Resistant External Rotation, Jobe and Apprehension Test),
• Being diagnosed with a rheumatic, systemic or neurological disease.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 30 Years
• Eligible Sex: MALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Hacettepe University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Elif Turgut

Associate Professor Elif TURGUT

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Hacettepe University

Ankara, , Turkey (Türkiye)

Countries

Turkey (Türkiye)

Other Identifiers

GO 22- 881

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id