Monitoring of Azathioprine Metabolite Concentrations and Cytokine Levels in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

NCT ID: NCT05896605

Last Updated: 2023-06-09

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE4
• Total Enrollment: 63 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2020-01-01
• Study Completion Date: 2023-04-01

Brief Summary

Background: The pathogenesis of NMOSD has been linked to the cytokines interleukins (IL) -6, NOD-, LRR-and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) and IL-18 that contribute to development of inflammatory reactionsmay. Although azathioprine (AZA) is efficacious in preventing NMOSD recurrence, it may have adverse effects (AEs) maybe related to the plasma concentrations.

Objective: We would monitor the blood concentrations of AZA in NMOSD, and their relationship with cytokines, severity, efficacy, and safety range of the drug.

Methods: A total of 53 NMOSD patients were included in the study, which included 20 patients who had received AZA treatment within 1 month, and 16 patients who had received AZA treatment within 6 months, as well as 17 patients who had received AZA treatment at least 12 months. The patient's immunotherapy regimen was low-dose hormone combined with AZA. AZA was started at small doses and added every two weeks after no AEs, namely 50 mg qd for two weeks, 50mg bid for two weeks, and maintained at 50mg tid. The following clinical data were collected: gender, age, clinical symptoms, EDSS score, number of recurrences and AEs, etc. Healthy controls (HC) comprised 10 individuals. AZA metabolite concentrations 6-thioguaninenucleotides (6-TGN) and 6-methylmercaptopurine nucleotides (6-MMPN) were measured by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Levels of IL-6, NLRP3 and IL-18 were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Detailed Description

A total of 53 NMOSD patients were recruited from Neurology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University.According to the duration of AZA treatment, 20 patients were divided into 1 month after AZA treatment, 16 patients in 6 months after AZA treatment and 17 patients over 12 months after AZA treatment. Clinical data of patients were collected, including: gender, age, time of first onset, time of medication, clinical symptoms, number of recurrence, EDSS score, serum and cerebrospinal fluid AQP 4-IgG titers, imaging results, rheumatic immunity-related autoimmune antibodies, comorbidities, related adverse drug reactions, etc. Ten healthy volunteers with physical examination in our hospital were selected as the healthy control (HC) group.Blood (5ml) was collected from peripheral veins of patients and healthy volunteers.

Conditions

NMO Spectrum Disorder; Azathioprine Adverse Reaction

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NON_RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

1 month after AZA treatment

Before medication, TPMT activity was normal, and azathioprine was started at small doses and added every two weeks after no adverse effects, namely 50 mg qd for two weeks, 50mg bid for two weeks, and maintained at 50mg tid. Low-dose hormone therapy was administered to all patients simultaneously.Blood (5ml) was collected from peripheral veins in 1 month after AZA treatment.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Azathioprine

Intervention Type: DRUG

Before medication, TPMT activity was normal, and AZA was started at small doses and added every two weeks after no AEs, namely 50 mg qd for two weeks, 50mg bid for two weeks, and maintained at 50mg tid.

6 months after AZA treatment

Before medication, TPMT activity was normal, and azathioprine was started at small doses and added every two weeks after no adverse effects, namely 50 mg qd for two weeks, 50mg bid for two weeks, and maintained at 50mg tid. Low-dose hormone therapy was administered to all patients simultaneously.Blood (5ml) was collected from peripheral veins in 6 months after AZA treatment.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Azathioprine

Intervention Type: DRUG

Before medication, TPMT activity was normal, and AZA was started at small doses and added every two weeks after no AEs, namely 50 mg qd for two weeks, 50mg bid for two weeks, and maintained at 50mg tid.

over 1 year after AZA treatment

Before medication, TPMT activity was normal, and azathioprine was started at small doses and added every two weeks after no adverse effects, namely 50 mg qd for two weeks, 50mg bid for two weeks, and maintained at 50mg tid. Low-dose hormone therapy was administered to all patients simultaneously.Blood (5ml) was collected from peripheral veins over 1 year after AZA treatment.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Azathioprine

Intervention Type: DRUG

Before medication, TPMT activity was normal, and AZA was started at small doses and added every two weeks after no AEs, namely 50 mg qd for two weeks, 50mg bid for two weeks, and maintained at 50mg tid.

healthy control

Ten healthy volunteers with physical examination in our hospital were selected as the healthy control (HC) group. Serum samples from healthy controls were collected.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Azathioprine

Before medication, TPMT activity was normal, and AZA was started at small doses and added every two weeks after no AEs, namely 50 mg qd for two weeks, 50mg bid for two weeks, and maintained at 50mg tid.

Intervention Type: DRUG

Other Intervention Names

Azathioprine Tablets

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

All patients with NMOSD met the international consensus diagnostic criteria for NMOSD published in 2015. Before medication, TPMT activity was normal.

Exclusion Criteria

Patients with fever, infection, or patients with other autoimmune diseases, uncontrolled malignancies, and other chronic diseases were excluded.

• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Qingmeng Huang

Mrs.

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Yulan Tang

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University

Locations

Qingmeng Huang

Nanning, Guangxi, China

Countries

China

Other Identifiers

qingmenghuang

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id