Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
130 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
2022-05-01
2023-07-15
Brief Summary
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The Q angle is generally evaluated in static postures in the literature. The Q angle value varies according to the patient's gender, the contractility of the quadriceps, and the patient's posture (standing or supine) (3).
Q angle was evaluated in a static posture with a standard goniometer or computerized biophotogrammetry (4) Q angle changes with the forces applied by dynamic structures. It is insufficient to evaluate only in a static posture. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the effect of dynamic structures on the Q angle using 2D gait analysis (video) and to detect the early signs of deviation of changes in the q angle.
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Detailed Description
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Therefore, determining the Q angle is very important, especially for athletic and physically active patients (9). In most studies, the Q angle was measured using a goniometer or with a modified goniometer (10-12). Biedert et al. by radiography (3). Braz et al. determined the Q angle with digital photogrammetry (13). In the literature, the q angle was generally evaluated in the supine or standing position (14). Higher Q angle values have been reported when transitioning from the supine position to the standing position (15). The increased Q angle while standing has been attributed to changes in lower extremity alignment due to weight bearing. In studies in the literature, the q angle was generally evaluated in static postures. In an ideal postural alignment, there should be a dynamic balance between muscles, joints and skeletal structures (16-17). Not only static structures but also dynamic structures are responsible for problems related to the alignment of the patella. For this reason, it is important to know the changes in the q angle not only in static postures but also in dynamic postures. Evaluation in correct postures is essential for diagnosis, planning and follow-up of the development and results of physical therapy (16).
The primary aim of this study was to report the prevalence and normative reference values of the q angle in the midstance phase of gait using 2D analysis (video).
The secondary aim of this study is to examine the variation of q angles during the midstance phase gait with Q angle values in static postures.
The tertiary aim of this study is to examine the relationship of q angles with different parameters such as age, gender, BMI, lower extremity strength, and hypermobility.
Demographic information (age, weight, height, etc.) will be obtained from healthy volunteers included in the study. As primary outcome measures, q-angles will be measured in static posture (supine and standing) and dynamic posture (with video analysis). Markers will be placed on the relevant places (SIAS, Patella middle and tuberositas tibia). Afterward, the video recordings will be played in slow motion and the evaluators will pause the video during the mid-stance phases of the gait, and the q-angles will be determined with the two-dimensional video analysis software (Kinoveav.0.8.15).
As secondary outcome measures, pelvis width and thigh length with a tape measure and femoral anteversion goniometer with quadriceps muscle strength, hamstring muscle strength, Hip abduction, adduction, internal and external rotation and extension muscle strength with hand-held dynamometer, joint mobility with Beighton score, foot posture index and functionality will be evaluated by walking 8 meters.
Conditions
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Study Design
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COHORT
PROSPECTIVE
Study Groups
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healthy participants
Volunteers aged 18-25 years, healthy individuals without any spinal or neurologic injury and any injury leading to ligament, muscle or bone defect in their lower extremities
Evaluation of q angles different positions
Q angle evaluation in two different static postures (upright and supine position) and dynamic posture during the midstance phase of the gait
Physical examination
With goniometric evaluations, the femoral anteversion angle will be measured. Pelvis width and thigh length will be measured with a tape measure. Quadriceps muscle strength, hamstring muscle strength, Hip abduction, adduction, internal and external rotation and extension muscle strength will be measured with hand-held dynamometer.
Joint mobility will be assessed with the Beighton score and foot posture will be evaluated with the foot posture index-6 (FPI-6).
Functional mobility assessment
10-meter walking test will be conducted to understand functional mobility.
Interventions
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Evaluation of q angles different positions
Q angle evaluation in two different static postures (upright and supine position) and dynamic posture during the midstance phase of the gait
Physical examination
With goniometric evaluations, the femoral anteversion angle will be measured. Pelvis width and thigh length will be measured with a tape measure. Quadriceps muscle strength, hamstring muscle strength, Hip abduction, adduction, internal and external rotation and extension muscle strength will be measured with hand-held dynamometer.
Joint mobility will be assessed with the Beighton score and foot posture will be evaluated with the foot posture index-6 (FPI-6).
Functional mobility assessment
10-meter walking test will be conducted to understand functional mobility.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* being volunteer
* not have any condition that may affect cooperation
Exclusion Criteria
* individuals diagnosed with any knee disorder such as fracture, acute or chronic knee pain, patella dislocation
18 Years
25 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Gokce Leblebici
Asssistant professor
Locations
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Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa
Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)
Hatay Mustafa Kemal University
Hatay, , Turkey (Türkiye)
Countries
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References
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BRATTSTROEM H. SHAPE OF THE INTERCONDYLAR GROOVE NORMALLY AND IN RECURRENT DISLOCATION OF PATELLA. A CLINICAL AND X-RAY-ANATOMICAL INVESTIGATION. Acta Orthop Scand Suppl. 1964;68:SUPPL 68:1-148. No abstract available.
Merchant AC, Fraiser R, Dragoo J, Fredericson M. A reliable Q angle measurement using a standardized protocol. Knee. 2020 Jun;27(3):934-939. doi: 10.1016/j.knee.2020.03.001. Epub 2020 Apr 12.
Biedert RM, Warnke K. Correlation between the Q angle and the patella position: a clinical and axial computed tomography evaluation. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2001 Jun;121(6):346-9. doi: 10.1007/s004020000239.
Iunes DH, Castro FA, Salgado HS, Moura IC, Oliveira AS, Bevilaqua-Grossi D. Confiabilidade intra e interexaminadores e repetibilidade da avaliação postural pela fotogrametria. Rev Bras Fisioter. 2005;9(3):327-334.
Khasawneh RR, Allouh MZ, Abu-El-Rub E. Measurement of the quadriceps (Q) angle with respect to various body parameters in young Arab population. PLoS One. 2019 Jun 13;14(6):e0218387. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218387. eCollection 2019.
Daneshmandi H, Saki F, Shahheidari S, Khoori A. Lower extremity Malalignment and its linear relation with Q angle in female athletes. 3rd World Conf Educ Sci-2011. 2011;15: 3349-3354.
Nguyen AD, Boling MC, Levine B, Shultz SJ. Relationships between lower extremity alignment and the quadriceps angle. Clin J Sport Med. 2009 May;19(3):201-6. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e3181a38fb1.
Almeida GP, Silva AP, Franca FJ, Magalhaes MO, Burke TN, Marques AP. Q-angle in patellofemoral pain: relationship with dynamic knee valgus, hip abductor torque, pain and function. Rev Bras Ortop. 2016 Feb 9;51(2):181-6. doi: 10.1016/j.rboe.2016.01.010. eCollection 2016 Mar-Apr.
Yilmaz A, Kabadayi M, Mayda M, Çavusoglu G, Tasmektepligi M. Analysis of Q Angle Values of Female Athletes from Different Branches. Sci Mov Heal. 2017;17: 141-146.
Omololu BB, Ogunlade OS, Gopaldasani VK. Normal Q-angle in an adult Nigerian population. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009 Aug;467(8):2073-6. doi: 10.1007/s11999-008-0637-1. Epub 2008 Nov 26.
Greene CC, Edwards TB, Wade MR, Carson EW. Reliability of the quadriceps angle measurement. Am J Knee Surg. 2001 Spring;14(2):97-103.
Raveendranath R, Nachiket S, Sujatha N, Priya R, Rema D. Bilateral Variability of the Quadriceps Angle (Q angle) in an Adult Indian Population. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2011 Sep;14(5):465-71.
Braz RG, Carvalho GA. Relationship between quadriceps angle (Q) and plantar pressure distribution in football players. Rev Bras Fisioter. 2010 Jul-Aug;14(4):296-302. Epub 2010 Sep 3. English, Portuguese.
Choudhary R, Malik M, Aslam A, Khurana D, Chauhan S. Effect of various parameters on Quadriceps angle in adult Indian population. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2019 Jan-Feb;10(1):149-154. doi: 10.1016/j.jcot.2017.11.011. Epub 2017 Nov 23.
Guerra JP, Arnold MJ, Gajdosik RL. Q angle: effects of isometric quadriceps contraction and body position. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1994 Apr;19(4):200-4. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1994.19.4.200.
Rosario L.R. What is posture? a review of the literature in search of a definition. EC Orthopaedics. 2017;6(3):111-133.
Sacco I.C.N., AlIbert S., Queiroz B.W., Pripas D., KlelIng I., Kimura A.A. Reliability of photogrammetry in relation to goniometry for postural lower limb assessment. Rev Bras Fisioterpp. 2007;11(5):411-417.
Other Identifiers
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IstanbulUC_dynamicqangle
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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