Music Therapy for Older Adults With Cognitive Decline Living in Care Homes
NCT ID: NCT05856604
Last Updated: 2023-05-12
Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
42 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2018-02-01
2019-08-28
Brief Summary
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In order to make a difference, there is a need for more studies that are structured \[i\] according to rigorous empirical criteria (namely involving random assignment of participants to activity groups), \[ii\] and that gather scientific evidence, based on both standardized cognitive tests and biomarkers (hormones: Cortisol, or stress hormone, and DHEA or aging hormone; brain signal, EEG; Physiology: Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia).
In this RCT study, the investigator investigated the effect of 4-month music therapy vs Storytelling program for older adults with cognitive decline, living in care homes.
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Detailed Description
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1. \- What are the cognitive-neuropsychological benefits of Music Therapy activities in older adults with mild-moderate cognitive impairment?
2. \- What are the behavioural-wellbeing benefits of Music Therapy activities in older adults with mild-moderate cognitive impairment?
3. \- Can Music Therapy influence the psychophysiological domains (i.e., cortisol/DHEA ratio, RSA) of people with mild-moderate cognitive impairment?
Participants A power sample size calculation with an effect size (f) = 0.26, α= 0.05, Power (1-β) = 0.80 (any level over 0.80 is considered satisfactory) was performed with G\*Power software yielding an overall n=32 minimum participant sample.
Participants were randomly allocated by a blind researcher to a MT (experimental group) or a ST intervention (active control group) using a computerised randomisation method.
To minimise a possible drop-out rate with a consequent loss of power, a total of 50 participants were recruited, of which 42 completed the study, 23 in the experimental group and 19 in the control group. All participants underwent a neuropsychological test battery examination. No baseline differences were found between the experimental and control group as to screening demographic variables, MMSE, Cognitive Reserve and a battery of cognitive and behavioural tests. Hence the two groups were equivalent at the start of the study.
DATA ANALYSIS Data of the neuropsychological, well-being and biomarker measures were analysed using a mixed design ANOVA with time (pre-post intervention) as a within-subject factor and group (MT vs ST) as a between-subjects factor. The dependent variables were the cognitive, neuropsychological test and biomarkers tests. Quantitative data were processed using IBM SPSS Statistic 25. Partial eta-square (ηp²) and Cohen's d were used as a measure of effect size.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
DOUBLE
Study Groups
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Experimental
Improvisational Music Therapy - 45min, one 2 one intervention.
Music Therapy
Weekly individual (one2one) Music Therapy intervention lasting 4 months (n=16 sessions).
Behavioral: Music Therapy Music therapy is a non-pharmacological intervention, in which music and its elements are used professionally as an intervention in medical, educational, and everyday environments with individuals, groups, families, or communities who seek to optimize their quality of life and improve their physical, social, communicative, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual health and wellbeing. This therapy has been shown to provide significant benefits for individuals with cognitive decline living in care homes, enhancing social-cognitive functions and reducing behavioural symptoms (Brotons \& Koger, 2000; Hsu et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2017).
Active Control
Storytelling activity - 45min, one 2 one intervention.
Storytelling
Weekly individual (one2one) Storytelling intervention lasting 4 months (n=16 sessions).
Behavioural: Storytelling is a non-pharmacological activity, in which a professional activity coordinator reads different stories (e.g., poems, novels) to the participants and used them to initiate a possible conversation.
Interventions
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Music Therapy
Weekly individual (one2one) Music Therapy intervention lasting 4 months (n=16 sessions).
Behavioral: Music Therapy Music therapy is a non-pharmacological intervention, in which music and its elements are used professionally as an intervention in medical, educational, and everyday environments with individuals, groups, families, or communities who seek to optimize their quality of life and improve their physical, social, communicative, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual health and wellbeing. This therapy has been shown to provide significant benefits for individuals with cognitive decline living in care homes, enhancing social-cognitive functions and reducing behavioural symptoms (Brotons \& Koger, 2000; Hsu et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2017).
Storytelling
Weekly individual (one2one) Storytelling intervention lasting 4 months (n=16 sessions).
Behavioural: Storytelling is a non-pharmacological activity, in which a professional activity coordinator reads different stories (e.g., poems, novels) to the participants and used them to initiate a possible conversation.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* No significant hearing impairment that would negatively interfere with the music-based interventions
* Fluent in English
* Cognitive impairment: mild MMSE= 18-23, moderate MMSE= 10-17
Exclusion Criteria
* Having taken part in a cognitive training programme or Music Therapy programme within the last 6 months.
65 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Methodist Homes for the Aged
OTHER
Middlesex University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Anthony Mangiacotti
Principal Investigator
Principal Investigators
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Anthony Mangiacotti, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Middlesex University
Locations
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MHA Methodist Homes
Derby, , United Kingdom
Countries
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References
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Kim SJ, Yoo GE. Instrument Playing as a Cognitive Intervention Task for Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol. 2019 Feb 18;10:151. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00151. eCollection 2019.
Fusar-Poli L, Bieleninik L, Brondino N, Chen XJ, Gold C. The effect of music therapy on cognitive functions in patients with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging Ment Health. 2018 Sep;22(9):1097-1106. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1348474. Epub 2017 Jul 10.
Brotons M, Koger SM. The impact of music therapy on language functioning in dementia. J Music Ther. 2000 Fall;37(3):183-95. doi: 10.1093/jmt/37.3.183.
Hsu MH, Flowerdew R, Parker M, Fachner J, Odell-Miller H. Individual music therapy for managing neuropsychiatric symptoms for people with dementia and their carers: a cluster randomised controlled feasibility study. BMC Geriatr. 2015 Jul 18;15:84. doi: 10.1186/s12877-015-0082-4.
Zhang Y, Cai J, An L, Hui F, Ren T, Ma H, Zhao Q. Does music therapy enhance behavioral and cognitive function in elderly dementia patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev. 2017 May;35:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.12.003. Epub 2016 Dec 23.
Mangiacotti, A., Cipriani, G., Ward, E., Franco, F., & Biasutti, M. (2022). Development and validation of the Music Cognitive Test: A music-based cognitive screening test. Psychology of Music, 030573562211008. https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356221100851
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Mangiacotti AMA, Hsu MH, Barone C, Van Puyvelde M, Zandona A, Gabai G, Biasutti M, Franco F. Effects of one-to-one music therapy in older adults with cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial. Psychol Aging. 2024 Dec;39(8):960-982. doi: 10.1037/pag0000861.
Related Links
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Aktas, A., \& Keskin, B. (2013). Statistical power analysis. The 7th International Days of Statistics and Economics, 578-587
Other Identifiers
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ST020-2018
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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