Tele-homecare Service for Diabetic Foot Patients (Risk 0, Risk 1 and Risk 2 Level): Testing and Validation of Dedicated APPs and Artificial Intelligence Solutions

NCT ID: NCT05829811

Last Updated: 2023-04-26

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
• Total Enrollment: 100 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2023-09-01
• Study Completion Date: 2026-09-01

Brief Summary

MY FOOT project aims at filling the gap in mobile applications by providing evidence to both involved stakeholders, that is the remote assistance from the hospital and the patient, who is directly involved in their own care strategy.

In particular, the application has to motivate patients and engage them in their self-care. Interaction with the mobile phone application is in the following terms:

APP elaborates data input from the patient in terms of own feeling of health status, symptoms revealed along the day, events eventually occurred, photos of the foot, including ulcer zoom (if any), APP reports back about increase / decrease in the Risk Level graph through time, maps the ulcer evolution or healing based on photos elaboration, using adequate graphs reporting time in the main axis, whilst reminds personal goals to enact care on a regular basis on the basis of the current conditions, eventually alerts the patient to contact clinicians for a visual inspection at a hospital.

Detailed Description

Without effective self-care, people with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are at risk of prolonged healing times, hospitalization, amputation, and reduced quality of life. Despite these consequences, adherence to DFU self-care remains low.

As already pointed out in the preceding paragraphs, patient education in the prevention of diabetic foot ulcers found has been recognised as providing positive short-term effects on knowledge about care of the foot, delaying foot ulceration and amputation, especially in high-risk patients. New strategies are needed to engage people in the self-care of their DFUs.

Modern information technology may assist in attracting patients' interest if any direct benefit is promptly perceived by the patient who uses it . It is also of utmost importance that health professionals, especially those who work with diabetic patients on a daily basis, are aware of such practices and then be able to convince patients they merit the best care possible to avoid any further degradation of the pathology.

Mobile health apps hold great promise for people with diabetes, but few apps seek to engage people in their DFU self-care , , .

Schäfer et al. examined the risk factors of developing diabetic foot ulcers and amputation among patients with diabetes. They concluded that prediction and on-time treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are of great importance for improving and maintaining patients' quality of life and avoiding the consequent socio-economic burden of amputation.

Machine learning is a part of the field of artificial intelligence, which can automatically learn models from data and better inform clinical decision-making. Xie et al. developed an accurate and explainable prediction model to estimate the risk of in-hospital amputation in 618 hospitalized patients with DFU. They concluded that machine learning model provided accurate estimates of the amputation rate in patients with DFU during hospitalisation. Besides, the model could inform individualised analyses of the patients' risk factors.

The severe complications associated with diabetes include diabetic ketoacidosis, nonketotic hypersmolar coma, cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic renal failure, retinal damage and foot ulcers. There is a huge increase in the number of patients with diabetes globally and it is considered a major health problem worldwide. Early diagnosis of diabetes is helpful for treatment and reduces the chance of severe complications associated with it. Machine learning algorithms (such as ANN, SVM, Naive Bayes, PLS-DA and deep learning) and data mining techniques are used for detecting interesting patterns for diagnosing and treatment of disease. Current computational methods for diabetes diagnosis have some limitations and are not tested on different datasets or people from different countries which limits the practical use of prediction methods .

A system deploying artificial intelligence and machine learning, developed by a startup based in Vrnjacka banja (Serbia), can help predict the development of complications in the feet of diabetic patients.

MY FOOT project aims at filling the gap in mobile applications by providing evidence to both involved stakeholders, that is the remote assistance from the hospital and the patient, who is directly involved in their own care strategy.

In particular, the application has to motivate patients and engage them in their self-care. Interaction with the mobile phone application is in the following terms:

APP elaborates data input from the patient in terms of own feeling of health status, symptoms revealed along the day, events eventually occurred, photos of the foot, including ulcer zoom (if any), APP reports back about increase / decrease in the Risk Level graph through time, maps the ulcer evolution or healing based on photos elaboration, using adequate graphs reporting time in the main axis, whilst reminds personal goals to enact care on a regular basis on the basis of the current conditions, eventually alerts the patient to contact clinicians for a visual inspection at a hospital.

Conditions

APP Elaborates Data Input From the Patient With Foot Ulcer

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: CASE_CONTROL
• Study Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE

Interventions

Lifestyle APP and Artificial Intelligence solutions validation

The lifestyle APP will take into account all the psychological aspect linked to the disease, including the social isolation. Lifestyle APP is not a measurement technology but it is a preventive measures against diabetes evolution that provide insights and advices daily, by the collection of structured data of parameters, essential to feed the AI for Risk analysis module. The involvement of Physicians expert in this discipline will evaluate the effectiveness of the psychosocial education.

Intervention Type: DEVICE

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• The sample will include all the people accommodated in Special hospital Merkur, who sign the informed consent. Patients aged between 18 and 80 years. Patients diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus (more than 5 years from diagnosis). Participant has adequate circulation to the affected extremity(ies), as demonstrated by at least ONE of the following within 60 days prior to enrolment/randomization: a) Dorsum transcutaneous oxygen test (TcPO2) of study leg(s) with results ≥40mmHg, OR, b) Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) of study leg(s) with results of ≥ 0.7 and ≤ 1.3, OR; C) Toe-Brachial Index (TBI) of study extremity(ies) with results of ≥ 0.5.

Exclusion Criteria

• People who do not give their consent to participate in the study, who do not have a mobile phone, or live in an area not covered by a mobile signal and the Internet. Participant who is pregnant, breast feeding or planning to become pregnant. Participant having multiple foot ulcers, an amputation of the forefoot or an amputation at a more proximal location of the foot. Participant having a cancer disease or life expectancy less than six months as assessed by the investigator or undergoing cancer treatment; Participant having a severe foot infection; Active infection, undrained abscess, or critical colonization of the wound(s) with bacteria in the judgment of the investigator; Participant with Hgb A1c > 12 percent within 3 months prior to randomization; Participant with a known history of poor compliance with medical treatments.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 80 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Faculty Hospital AGEL Skalica

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Other Identifiers

101095372

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id