The Effects of a Low Glycemic Load Diet on Dysglycemia and Body Composition in Adults With Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes
NCT ID: NCT05723445
Last Updated: 2025-08-22
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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RECRUITING
NA
15 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2023-09-01
2026-07-01
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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In patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, a low glycemic load (LGL) diet has been shown to improve glycemic variability, A1c level, insulin sensitivity, and quality of life without increasing hypoglycemic events. Significant glycemic variability is associated with increased markers of inflammation in adolescents with T1DM, possibly serving as a mechanistic link to the development of cardiovascular disease. Particularly as rates of obesity and cardiovascular disease continue to increase, this diet may be particularly useful in patients with CF, altered glucose homeostasis, and/or obesity. There are currently no prospective studies evaluating the impact of diet quality on glycemic control and body composition in patients with CF. The gold standard approach for assessing the safety and efficacy of dietary interventions is a food delivery study.
The investigators will conduct a prospective, open-label study in adults with CFRD to determine the effects of an LGL diet on dysglycemia and body composition. Participants will initially follow their standard diet for a 10-day run-in period. They will then transition to an LGL diet provided by a meal delivery company for 8 weeks. During this period, they will wear a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) for 2 10-day periods. Finally, participants will adhere to an LGL diet under free-living conditions with close nutritionist follow-up for a period of 4 months. Serum studies, DXA-body composition, anthropometric data, GI symptoms and quality of life measures will be obtained at baseline, after the meal-delivery phase and at study completion.
The investigators hypothesize that an LGL diet will result in improved CGM-derived measures of hyperglycemia, a decrease in insulin requirements, and reductions in fat-mass index on DXA analysis in adults with CFRD over an 8-week period during a meal delivery period. Furthermore, they hypothesize that these changes will be sustainable under free-living conditions during a 4-month period.
Conditions
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Study Design
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NA
SEQUENTIAL
TREATMENT
NONE
Study Groups
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Low Glycemic Load Diet
Feeding study with dietary composition (approximately) 50% fat, 20% protein, 30% carbohydrate.
Low Glycemic Load Diet
Food delivery service will provide a low glycemic load diet for 8 weeks, followed by a 4-month period of self-adherence to a low glycemic load diet with close nutritionist follow up
Interventions
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Low Glycemic Load Diet
Food delivery service will provide a low glycemic load diet for 8 weeks, followed by a 4-month period of self-adherence to a low glycemic load diet with close nutritionist follow up
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Genetically confirmed diagnosis of CF
* Diagnosis of pancreatic insufficiency, requiring pancreatic enzyme replacement
* Criteria for CFRD:
A.) Most recent OGTT 2-hour glucose \>200 mg/dL within the past two years, and/or; B.) HbA1c \>6.5% in the past two years, and/or; C.) Current use of insulin
Exclusion Criteria
* BMI \<18 kg/m2
* Currently receiving enteral nutrition support via GT feeds
* Pregnancy, plan to become pregnant in the next 3-months, or sexually active without use of contraception
* Use of IV antibiotics or systemic supraphysiologic glucocorticoids for CF exacerbation within 1 month
* Started or stopped treatment with a CFTR modulator within 3 months of enrollment
* Currently adhering to an LGL or other carbohydrate-restricted diet (carbohydrate intake \<30% of total daily caloric intake)
18 Years
70 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Cystic Fibrosis Foundation
OTHER
Rhode Island Hospital
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Kevin J Scully, MB BCh BAO
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Rhode Island Hospital
Melissa S Putman, MD, MSc
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Boston Children's Hospital
Locations
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Boston Children's Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Rhode Island Hospital
Providence, Rhode Island, United States
Countries
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Central Contacts
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Facility Contacts
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References
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Culhane S, George C, Pearo B, Spoede E. Malnutrition in cystic fibrosis: a review. Nutr Clin Pract. 2013 Dec;28(6):676-83. doi: 10.1177/0884533613507086. Epub 2013 Oct 29.
Moran A, Brunzell C, Cohen RC, Katz M, Marshall BC, Onady G, Robinson KA, Sabadosa KA, Stecenko A, Slovis B; CFRD Guidelines Committee. Clinical care guidelines for cystic fibrosis-related diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and a clinical practice guideline of the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, endorsed by the Pediatric Endocrine Society. Diabetes Care. 2010 Dec;33(12):2697-708. doi: 10.2337/dc10-1768. No abstract available.
Gaskin KJ. Nutritional care in children with cystic fibrosis: are our patients becoming better? Eur J Clin Nutr. 2013 May;67(5):558-64. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.20. Epub 2013 Mar 6.
Thomas D, Elliott EJ. Low glycaemic index, or low glycaemic load, diets for diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jan 21;2009(1):CD006296. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006296.pub2.
Hoffman RP, Dye AS, Huang H, Bauer JA. Glycemic variability predicts inflammation in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Oct 1;29(10):1129-1133. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2016-0139.
Panagopoulou P, Fotoulaki M, Nikolaou A, Nousia-Arvanitakis S. Prevalence of malnutrition and obesity among cystic fibrosis patients. Pediatr Int. 2014 Feb;56(1):89-94. doi: 10.1111/ped.12214.
Stephenson AL, Mannik LA, Walsh S, Brotherwood M, Robert R, Darling PB, Nisenbaum R, Moerman J, Stanojevic S. Longitudinal trends in nutritional status and the relation between lung function and BMI in cystic fibrosis: a population-based cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Apr;97(4):872-7. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.051409. Epub 2013 Feb 6.
Harindhanavudhi T, Wang Q, Dunitz J, Moran A, Moheet A. Prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity in adults with cystic fibrosis: A single-center analysis. J Cyst Fibros. 2020 Jan;19(1):139-145. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2019.10.004. Epub 2019 Nov 11.
Lennerz BS, Barton A, Bernstein RK, Dikeman RD, Diulus C, Hallberg S, Rhodes ET, Ebbeling CB, Westman EC, Yancy WS Jr, Ludwig DS. Management of Type 1 Diabetes With a Very Low-Carbohydrate Diet. Pediatrics. 2018 Jun;141(6):e20173349. doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-3349. Epub 2018 May 7.
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Ode KL, Frohnert B, Laguna T, Phillips J, Holme B, Regelmann W, Thomas W, Moran A. Oral glucose tolerance testing in children with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Diabetes. 2010 Nov;11(7):487-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2009.00632.x.
Bellissimo MP, Zhang I, Ivie EA, Tran PH, Tangpricha V, Hunt WR, Stecenko AA, Ziegler TR, Alvarez JA. Visceral adipose tissue is associated with poor diet quality and higher fasting glucose in adults with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros. 2019 May;18(3):430-435. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2019.01.002. Epub 2019 Jan 18.
Scully KJ, Sherwood JS, Martin K, Ruazol M, Marchetti P, Larkin M, Zheng H, Sawicki GS, Uluer A, Neuringer I, Yonker LM, Sicilian L, Wexler DJ, Putman MS. Continuous Glucose Monitoring and HbA1c in Cystic Fibrosis: Clinical Correlations and Implications for CFRD Diagnosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022 Mar 24;107(4):e1444-e1454. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab857.
Scully KJ, Jay LT, Freedman S, Sawicki GS, Uluer A, Finkelstein JS, Putman MS. The Relationship between Body Composition, Dietary Intake, Physical Activity, and Pulmonary Status in Adolescents and Adults with Cystic Fibrosis. Nutrients. 2022 Jan 12;14(2):310. doi: 10.3390/nu14020310.
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Gorji Z, Modaresi M, Yekanni-Nejad S, Mahmoudi M. Effects of low glycemic index/high-fat, high-calorie diet on glycemic control and lipid profiles of children and adolescence with cystic fibrosis: A randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020 Mar-Apr;14(2):87-92. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.12.010. Epub 2020 Jan 8.
Riddlesworth TD, Beck RW, Gal RL, Connor CG, Bergenstal RM, Lee S, Willi SM. Optimal Sampling Duration for Continuous Glucose Monitoring to Determine Long-Term Glycemic Control. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2018 Apr;20(4):314-316. doi: 10.1089/dia.2017.0455. Epub 2018 Mar 22.
Scully KJ, Marchetti P, Sawicki GS, Uluer A, Cernadas M, Cagnina RE, Kennedy JC, Putman MS. The effect of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) on glycemia in adults with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros. 2022 Mar;21(2):258-263. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2021.09.001. Epub 2021 Sep 14.
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Other Identifiers
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1943156-3
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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