Automatic Reaction to Physical Activity and Sedentary Stimuli in Aging

NCT ID: NCT05704660

Last Updated: 2023-01-30

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: UNKNOWN
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 216 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2023-09-30
• Study Completion Date: 2025-09-30

Brief Summary

Most individuals are aware of the benefits to health of regular physical activity and have good intentions to exercise. Yet, 1.4 billion people worldwide are inactive, which suggests that turning intention into action can be challenging. Recent findings show that the intention-action gap could be explained by negative automatic reactions (which is a component of dual-task theory) to stimuli associated with physical activity. This gap is particularly concerning in older adults, who are more likely to spontaneously associate physical activity with fear, pain, or discomfort. To promote physical activity, the current project proposes to train older adults to suppress their automatic attraction toward sedentary stimuli and to respond positively to physical-activity stimuli. This evidence-based and low-cost intervention aims to improve physical functioning and quality of life for these population. The results will inform public-health policies and improve clinical interventions that aim to counteract a global health problem: the pandemic of physical inactivity.

Detailed Description

Physical activity is one of the top contributors to health, reducing rates of cardiovascular disease, cancer, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and depression. This wide spectrum of benefits is particularly important for older adults, who often suffer structural and functional deterioration in several physiological systems. Physical activity can reduce and delay the impact of this age-related deterioration in health and functional independence. Current interventions to enhance physical activity in older adults rely mainly on reflective processes by providing rational information about the health benefits of a physically active lifestyle. While these interventions successfully increase intention, their effect on actual behavior is weak. That is, most individuals are now aware of the positive effects of regular physical activity and have the intention to exercise. However, this intention is not sufficient and exercise plans are often not executed. This gap between intention and action is a challenge that health professionals need to address to counteract the pandemic of physical inactivity. Recent findings suggest that this inability to turn the intention into action is explained by negative automatic reactions to stimuli associated with physical activity. These automatic reactions could be particularly strong in older adults, who are more likely to associate physical activity with fear, pain, or discomfort. This study aims to test the effect of an intervention that targets the automatic processes underlying physical inactivity in older adults. The intervention is expected to reduce physical inactivity during the intervention and at follow-up, thereby improving physical functioning and quality of life.

Conditions

Aging

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: OTHER
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

Adjusted and modified Cognitive-Biased Modification Task

The intervention is based on a Go/No-Go task.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Adjusted Cognitive-biased modification task

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

The intervention of the proposed project is based on a go/no-go task in which older adults need to quickly decide whether or not they should react to the stimulus. A rectangle containing an image, or a word will be presented on a screen. In the intervention group, older adults will be instructed to restrain their actions when the rectangle is tilted to the right and to react by pressing a key on the keyboard when the rectangle is tilted to the left, irrespective of the content of the rectangle (because the training is meant to be implicit). In order to train inhibitory processes counteracting the automatic attraction to sedentary behavior, 90% of the rectangles tilted to the right (counterbalanced across participants) will contain a picture or a word related to sedentary behavior. To foster the automatic attraction toward physical activity, 90% of the rectangles tilted to the left will contain a picture or a word related to physical activity.

Normal Cognitve-Biased modification Task

The Sham-intervention is based on a Go/No-Go task.

Group Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Cognitive-biased modification task

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

In the comparison group, instructions will be identical, but the percentage of physical activity and sedentary stimuli will be equal in each tilt condition (i.e., 50% sedentary stimuli and 50% physical activity stimuli in both right- and left-tilted rectangles)

Interventions

Adjusted Cognitive-biased modification task

The intervention of the proposed project is based on a go/no-go task in which older adults need to quickly decide whether or not they should react to the stimulus. A rectangle containing an image, or a word will be presented on a screen. In the intervention group, older adults will be instructed to restrain their actions when the rectangle is tilted to the right and to react by pressing a key on the keyboard when the rectangle is tilted to the left, irrespective of the content of the rectangle (because the training is meant to be implicit). In order to train inhibitory processes counteracting the automatic attraction to sedentary behavior, 90% of the rectangles tilted to the right (counterbalanced across participants) will contain a picture or a word related to sedentary behavior. To foster the automatic attraction toward physical activity, 90% of the rectangles tilted to the left will contain a picture or a word related to physical activity.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Cognitive-biased modification task

In the comparison group, instructions will be identical, but the percentage of physical activity and sedentary stimuli will be equal in each tilt condition (i.e., 50% sedentary stimuli and 50% physical activity stimuli in both right- and left-tilted rectangles)

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• 60 years of age or older and able to understand instructions in English.

Exclusion Criteria

• Diagnosed psychiatric disorders or neurological condition (e.g., stork, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, dementia)
• Unable to carry out the training program
• Unable to understand the protocol
• Motor deficit preventing physical activity without external help
• Physical health status preventing physical activity
• Alcohol or substance dependence.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 60 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

University of Ottawa

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Matthieu Boisgontier

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Matthieu P Boisgontier, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Ottawa

Central Contacts

Matthieu P. Boisgontier, PhD

Role: CONTACT

matthieu.boisgontier@uottawa.ca

6135625408

Ataallah Farajzadeh, MSc

Role: CONTACT

afara098@uottawa.ca

3439870216

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Provided Documents

Document Type: Study Protocol, Statistical Analysis Plan, and Informed Consent Form

View Document

Other Identifiers

H-09-22-8453

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id