Effects of Diaphragmatic Resistance Training in People With Chronic Neck Pain.

NCT ID: NCT05529641

Last Updated: 2025-12-05

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 71 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-12-09
• Study Completion Date: 2025-08-31

Brief Summary

With increasing usage of electronic devices and sedentary lifestyle, chronic neck pain has become a more prevalent musculoskeletal disorder around the world. Many impairments have been identified in people with chronic neck pain including pain, muscle weakness, proprioceptive deficits and altered breathing pattern. Diaphragm is the key muscle for inspiration and also plays an important role in spinal stability. Previous studies have found that diaphragm functions are related to the stability of the lumbar spine through the fascial, neural and visceral systems. Diaphragmatic resistance training thus could have some positive effects on reducing pain and disability in people with low back pain. However, to date how diaphragmatic resistance training would affect chronic neck pain is still unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of diaphragmatic resistance training on pain, disability and movement quality in people with chronic neck pain.

Detailed Description

Chronic neck pain has become a more prevalent musculoskeletal disorder in modern society. The prevalence of chronic neck pain in 2021 gradually increases to 45.7%, that results in a large burden of health care. Chronic neck pain leads to neck motion limitation, motor control impairment and unsmooth motion. In addition, faulty breathing pattern has been identified in 83% of people with chronic neck pain. Diaphragm is the most critical muscle for inspiration and also plays an important role in spinal stability that might relate to spinal instability and pain. Studies have proved that effects of diaphragmatic resistance training on reduce pain and improving quality of life in people with low back pain. Diaphragm connects to the lumbar spine and also to the cervical spine through the fascial, neural and visceral system. However, to our best knowledge, the effects of diaphragmatic resistance training in people with chronic neck pain is still unclear. While many studies have demonstrated that cervical stabilization exercises are able to decrease pain and disability and improve movement quality, the effects of combined diaphragmatic resistance training and cervical stabilization exercise in people with chronic neck pain is still unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of 6 weeks of diaphragmatic resistance training in combination with cervical stabilization exercises in people with chronic neck pain. Participants with chronic neck pain will be randomly assigned to either (1) combined diaphragmatic resistance training and cervical stabilization exercise group or (2) cervical stabilization exercise group. Each group will receive the same cervical stabilization exercises while group (1) will receive additional diaphragmatic resistance training as home program. All participants will have 2 evaluation sessions at baseline and after 6-week intervention for pain, disability and movement quality.

Conditions

Neck Pain; Diaphragm; Exercise Training; Inhalation

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: TRIPLE

Study Groups

Combined diaphragmatic resistance training and cervical stabilization exercise group

Participants in this group will receive supervised cervical stabilization exercise and diaphragmatic resistance training as home grogram.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Diaphragmatic resistance training

Intervention Type: OTHER

6 weeks home exercise of diaphragmatic resistance training will be emphasized.

Cervical stabilization exercise

Intervention Type: OTHER

Participants will finish 6 weeks supervised cervical stabilization exercise in person by physical therapist. Dissociated movement and movement control will be emphasized during cervical stabilization exercise.

Cervical stabilization exercise group

Participants in this group will only receive supervised cervical stabilization exercise.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Cervical stabilization exercise

Intervention Type: OTHER

Participants will finish 6 weeks supervised cervical stabilization exercise in person by physical therapist. Dissociated movement and movement control will be emphasized during cervical stabilization exercise.

Interventions

Diaphragmatic resistance training

6 weeks home exercise of diaphragmatic resistance training will be emphasized.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Cervical stabilization exercise

Participants will finish 6 weeks supervised cervical stabilization exercise in person by physical therapist. Dissociated movement and movement control will be emphasized during cervical stabilization exercise.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Pain between nuchal line to T1 spinous process lasting over 3 months.

Exclusion Criteria

• First onset acute neck pain.
• Surgery history.
• Neurological symptoms.
• Respiratory, psychiatric and neuromuscular disorders.
• Smoking, pregnant, cancer.
• Severe anemia or diabetes.
• Core exercise in past 12 months.
• Spine or chest deformity.
• Body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m/m.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 20 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 65 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan

OTHER_GOV

Sponsor Role: collaborator

National Cheng Kung University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

YI-JU TSAI

Professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Department of Physical Therapy, National Cheng Kung University

Tainan, , Taiwan

Countries

Taiwan

Other Identifiers

NCKU-DRT-2022

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id